Effects of a super-absorbent polymer derived from poly-γ-glutamic acid on water infiltration, field water capacity, soil evaporation, and soil water-stable aggregates

The poly-γ-glutamic acid super-absorbent polymer (γ-PGA SAP) is an environmentally friendly material. Five different γ-PGA SAPs contents based on weight, including 0% (CK), 0.05% (T1), 0.10% (T2), 0.15% (T3), and 0.20% (T4), were added to the soil in this study. The results showed that cumulative infiltration decreased by 32.4% (T1), 39.2% (T2), 51.0% (T3), and 52.0% (T4) at 90 min and the field capacity was increased by 18.7% (T1), 26.0% (T2), 37.8% (T3), and 58.3% (T4) compared with the CK. The cumulative evaporation of the different treatments with γ-PGA SAPs was 17.1% (T1), 23.5% (T2), 24.4% (T3), and 25.3% (T4) higher than that of the CK at the end of the evaporation experiment. The evaporation experiment lasted 96 h (CK), 132 h (T1), 144 h (T2), 180 h (T3), and 312 h (T4) to progress from field capacity to a soil water content of 10%. Adding γ-PGA SAPs to the soil significantly increase the water-stable aggregate content below 0.25 mm when the γ-PGA SAP addition exceeded 0.10%. So reasonable utilization of γ-PGA SAP can improve water use efficiency and improve soil structure in semi-arid areas.</p

Table_1_Case Report: A novel FGFR1 fusion in acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia identified by RNA sequencing.docx

8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome is a rare hematological malignancy with aggressive course caused by the various translocation of FGFR1. In this study, a novel FGFR1 fusion was identified by RNA sequencing in a 28-year-old male patient with acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient harbors an in-frame fusion between KIF5B exon 15 and FGFR1 exon 10. The FGFR1 fusion and its protein expression was validated by Sanger sequencing and Western blot. Meanwhile, cytogenetic analysis reported a normal karyotype and targeted DNA sequencing identified no driver mutations, respectively. Despite he achieved complete remission after induction regimen, a relapse occurred and he became refractory to chemotherapy, and salvage haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation failed to control the progressive disease. In conclusion, we present the first case of KIF5B-FGFR1 fusion in hematological malignancy. These findings extend the spectrum of translocation in 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome, and demonstrate the great prospect of RNA sequencing in clinical practice again.</p

Poly-γ-glutamic acid enhances the wheat yield, water use efficiency and soil physicochemical properties of the arid area in the Northwest China

Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is an environment-friendly super absorbent polymer that can be used as a soil conditioner, which is promising to improve crop productivity and cope with soil degradation. The objectives of this study are to study the effects of γ-PGA on soil physicochemical properties and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Xinong 975) production in arid region of Northwest China. According to the mass ratio of γ-PGA and soil, experiment treatments consisted of four different γ-PGA application rates, which were designated as 0 (CK), 0.05% (P0.05), 0.1% (P0.1), and 0.15% (P0.15), respectively. The mixed soil samples were uniformly filled into identical plastic pots. Each treatment had three replicates randomly distributed within 12 pots. The results indicated that γ-PGA significantly increased saturated water content by 6.3-11.5%, field capacity by 8.4-15.3%, and plant available water by 5.1-12.5% compared with the CK. γ-PGA increased soil NO3−-N content and residue, and enhanced the proportions of soil macro-aggregates compared with the CK. γ-PGA increased winter wheat yield by 29.3-34.7%, and WUE by 21.2-33.3% compared with the CK. The main conclusion γ-PGA application amount of 0.05-0.1% can be used to improve soil physicochemical properties and winter wheat production in degraded soil.</p

Supp Table 3 from Tumor Microenvironment–Derived R-spondins Enhance Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Tumor Growth and Sensitize for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy

qPCR primers</p

Supp Table 2 from Tumor Microenvironment–Derived R-spondins Enhance Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Tumor Growth and Sensitize for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy

Differentially expressed genes between NK cells with and without Myc deficiency</p

Supplementary Figures from Tumor Microenvironment–Derived R-spondins Enhance Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Tumor Growth and Sensitize for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy

Supplementary Figures</p

Supp Table 1 from Tumor Microenvironment–Derived R-spondins Enhance Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Tumor Growth and Sensitize for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy

TCGA abbreviation and Wnt signaling components</p