San Bruno, puerta a los cerros: arquitectura como vínculo entre el ciudadano y su entorno natural

Artículo de gradoSe realiza un proyecto urbano a escala de tres barrios: Egipto, El Parejo y La Peña. igualmente se realiza un proyecto urbano a menor escala en el sector San Bruno (Egipto) y un proyecto arquitectónico dentro de este, en la entrada a los Cerros Orientales de Bogotá, se propone una casa del árbol.1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1 DISPOSITIVOS DE APROPIACIÓN DEMOCRATICA 2. METODOLOGÍA 3. RESULTADOS 3.1 ETAPAS DE DESARROLLO 3.2 BARRIO EGIPTO, EL PAREJO Y LA PEÑA 3.3 SECTOR SAN BRUNO 3.4 MEMORIA Y ACCESIBILIDAD 3.5 BOSQUE DE COLUMNAS 3.5.1 ACTIVA 3.5.2 PASIVA 3.5.3 PRODUCTIVA 4. LA CASA DEL ARBOL 5. DISCUSIÓN 6. CONCLUSION 7. REFERENCIAS 8. ANEXOSPregradoArquitect

Distinctive Reactivities at Biotite Edge and Basal Planes in the Presence of Organic Ligands: Implications for Organic-Rich Geologic CO₂ Sequestration

To better understand how scCO₂-saturated brine–mineral interactions can affect safe and efficient geologic CO₂ sequestration (GCS), we studied the effects of organic ligands (acetate and oxalate) on biotite dissolution and surface morphological changes. The experimental conditions were chosen to be relevant to GCS sites (95 °C and 102 atm CO₂). Quantitative analyses of dissolution differences between biotite edge and basal planes were made. Acetate slightly inhibited biotite dissolution and promoted secondary precipitation. The effect of acetate was mainly pH-induced aqueous acetate speciation and the subsequent surface adsorption. Under the experimental conditions, most of acetate exists as acetic acid and adsorbs to biotite surface Si and Al sites, thereby reducing their release. However, oxalate strongly enhanced biotite dissolution and induced faster and more significant surface morphology changes by forming bidentate mononuclear surface complexes. For the first time, we show that oxalate selectively attacks edge surface sites and enhances biotite dissolution. Thus, oxalate increases the relative reactivity ratio of biotite edge surfaces to basal surfaces, while acetate does not impact this relative reactivity. This study provides new information on reactivity differences at biotite edge and basal planes in the presence of organic ligands, which has implications for safe CO₂ storage in organic-rich sites

Effects of Phosphonate Structures on Brine–Biotite Interactions under Subsurface Relevant Conditions

Phosphonates have been widely used as scale inhibitors in energy-related subsurface operations, where their performance is greatly affected by interactions with rocks and minerals. However, information about commonly used phosphonate scale inhibitor–shale interactions is limited. In this study, using Fe-bearing mica (biotite) as a model phyllosilicate mineral, the effects of three common phosphonates, namely, iminodi­(methylene)­phosphonate (IDMP), nitrilotris­(methylene)­phosphonate (NTMP), and diethylenetriaminepenta­(methylene)­phosphonate (DTPMP), were studied at 95 °C and 102 atm CO₂. During the experiments (0–70 h), IDMP remained stable, while NTMP and DTPMP were degraded and released phosphate, formate, and new phosphonates with smaller molecular weights. As a result of the differences in complexation capability, IDMP, with the fewest phosphonate functional groups, promoted biotite dissolution mainly through surface complexation and DTPMP, with the most functional groups, promoted biotite dissolution mainly through aqueous complexation. Furthermore, the presence of phosphonates enhanced secondary precipitation of P-, Fe-, and Al-bearing minerals, and their phosphonate structures affected the morphologies, phases, and distributions of secondary precipitates. Owing to phosphonate–biotite interactions (mainly as a result of surface adsorption), the biotite surfaces became much more hydrophilic. This study provides new insights into structure-dependent phosphonate–mineral interactions, and the results have important implications for the safety and efficiency of energy-related subsurface operations

Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-Lycojaponicumin C

The formal total synthesis of (±)-lycojaponicumin C has been accomplished. Key transformations include a Rh-catalyzed formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction to construct the bicyclic [3.3.0] scaffold bearing two vicinal quaternary carbon centers, a stereoselective γ-hydroxyl directed Michael addition to introduce the vinyl group at a bulky position, and a late-stage ring-closing metathesis reaction to form the cyclohexanone ring

The Effects of Phosphonate-Based Scale Inhibitor on Brine–Biotite Interactions under Subsurface Conditions

To explore the effects of scale inhibitors on subsurface water–mineral interactions, here batch experiments on biotite dissolution (0–96 h) were conducted in solutions containing 0–1.0 mM diethylenetriaminepenta­(methylene)­phosphonate (DTPMP, a model scale inhibitor), at conditions simulating subsurface environments (95 °C and 102 atm CO₂). The phosphonate groups in DTPMP enhanced biotite dissolution through both aqueous and surface complexations with Fe, with more significant effects at a higher DTPMP concentration. Surface complexation made cracked biotite layers bend, and these layers detached at a later stage (≥44 h). The presence of DTPMP also promoted secondary precipitation of Fe- and Al-bearing minerals both in the solution and on the reacted biotite surfaces. With 1.0 mM DTPMP after 44 h, significant coverage of biotite surfaces by precipitates and less detachment of cracked layers blocked reactive sites and inhibited further biotite dissolution. Furthermore, adsorption of DTPMP made the reacted biotite basal surfaces more hydrophilic, which may affect the transport of reactive fluids. This study provides new information on the impacts of phosphonates in brine–mineral interactions, benefiting safer and more environmentally sustainable design and operation of engineered subsurface processes

MOESM1 of Lipid productivity in limnetic Chlorella is doubled by seawater added with anaerobically digested effluent from kitchen waste

Additional file 1: Table S1. Compositions of BG11, seawater, and anaerobically digested effluent from kitchen waste (ADE-KW). Table S2. Fatty acid profiles obtained from Chlorella sorokiniana SDEC-18 (as percentage of total fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)). Table S3. The final concentration of Chl a, ratio of Chl a/Chl b, and Carotenoids/(Chl a + Chl b) for Chlorella sorokiniana SDEC-18 grown in BG11 and in seawater supplemented with different volume percentages (0, 1, 3, 5, 8 and 15%) of anaerobically digested effluent from kitchen waste. Figure S1. Neutral lipid accumulation in Chlorella sorokiniana SDEC-18 cultivated in BG11 and seawater supplemented with different volume percentages (0, 1, 3, 5, 8 and 15%) of anaerobically digested effluent from kitchen waste. Shown are hydrocarbon oils stained using the neutral lipid-binding stain Nile Red (yellow) under a fluorescence microscope. Scale bar, 20 μm. Figure S2. The relationships of growth rate with lipid content (a), and growth rate with lipid productivity (b). The red square in graph b stands for the maximum lipid production rate calculated from the first derivative of the quadratic equation

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Preparation of hollow Au_x-Cu₂O nanospheres by galvanic replacement to enhance the selective electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to ethanol

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to fuel is one of the important ways to solve energy and environmental problems. In this work, the preparation of hollow Aux-Cu2O electrocatalyst and the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol were studied. Hollow Cu2O nanospheres were prepared by a soft template method, and Aux-Cu2O composites were prepared by galvanic replacement. The characterization results of XRD and XPS reveal that Cu+ is the main chemical state of Cu in the catalysts. The results of electroactive surface area demonstrate that the electroactive surface area of Au0.51-Cu2O is the largest. The performance evaluation of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction shows that the Faraday efficiency of H2 on Au0.51-Cu2O is the lowest (∼19.5%) and the Faraday efficiency of ethanol can reach ∼18.8% at −1.2 V vs. RHE. Compared with hollow Cu2O nanospheres, Aux-Cu2O catalysts have an earlier onset for ethanol production and promote the CO2 reduction to ethanol with high efficiency, while the hydrogen evolution reaction is significantly inhibited. Our study demonstrates an effective approach to develop Cu-based electrocatalysts favourable toward ethanol in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.</p

Additional file 8: Figure S4. of Comparative transcriptome profiling and morphology provide insights into endocarp cleaving of apricot cultivar (Prunus armeniaca L.)

KEGG enrichment analyses of DEGs between LE and JG apricot at 15 DAFB. Phenylalanine metabolism (Q value =0.032), Phenylalanine biosynthesis (Q value =0.055). Red color represents higher expression levels of genes in LE relative to JG apricot; Green color represents lower expression levels of genes in LE relative to JG apricot. (TIFF 3033 kb