Geometry of the Wiman Pencil, I: Algebro-Geometric Aspects

In 1981 W.L. Edge discovered and studied a pencil $\mathcal{C}$ of highly symmetric genus $6$ projective curves with remarkable properties. Edge's work was based on an 1895 paper of A. Wiman. Both papers were written in the satisfying style of 19th century algebraic geometry. In this paper and its sequel [FL], we consider $\mathcal{C}$ from a more modern, conceptual perspective, whereby explicit equations are reincarnated as geometric objects.Comment: Minor revisions. Now 49 pages, 4 figures. To appear in European Journal of Mathematics, special issue in memory of W.L. Edg

Dynamics of Oxygen-Independent Photocleavage of Blebbistatin as a One-Photon Blue or Two-Photon Near-Infrared Light-Gated Hydroxyl Radical Photocage

Development of versatile, chemically tunable photocages for photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) represents an excellent opportunity to address the technical drawbacks of conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) whose oxygen-dependent nature renders it inadequate in certain therapy contexts such as hypoxic tumors. As an alternative to PDT, oxygen free mechanisms to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by visible light cleavable photocages are in demand. Here, we report the detailed mechanisms by which the small molecule blebbistatin acts as a one-photon blue light-gated or two-photon near-infrared light-gated photocage to directly release a hydroxyl radical (•OH) in the absence of oxygen. By using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and chemoselective ROS fluorescent probes, we analyze the dynamics and fate of blebbistatin during photolysis under blue light. Water-dependent photochemistry reveals a critical process of water-assisted protonation and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) that drives the formation of short-lived intermediates, which surprisingly culminates in the release of •OH but not superoxide or singlet oxygen from blebbistatin. CASPT2//CASSCF calculations confirm that hydrogen bonding between water and blebbistatin underpins this process. We further determine that blue light enables blebbistatin to induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, an attribute conducive to PACT development. Our work demonstrates blebbistatin as a controllable photocage for •OH generation and provides insight into the potential development of novel PACT agents

Synthesis and Chemical Reactivity of Tetrahydro[60]fullerene Epoxides with Both Amino and Aryl Addends

Tetrahydro­[60]­fullerene epoxides C₆₀(O)­Ar_<i>n</i>(NR₂)_4–<i>n</i>, <i>n</i> = 1, 2, have been prepared by treating 1,4-adducts C₆₀(OH)­Ph and C₆₀(Tol)₂ with cyclic secondary amines. The epoxy moieties in these mixed tetrahydro[60]­fullerene epoxides were hydrolyzed into the corresponding diol derivatives, which were further oxidized into diketone open-cage fullerenes with a 10-membered orifice. A few other reactions also showed that the present tetrahydro[60]­fullerene epoxides with both amino and aryl addends exhibit improved chemical reactivity over the tetraamino[60]­fullerene epoxide without any aryl group

Scenario1

Scenario1.rar contains 100 tree data generated under Scenario 1 as mentioned in the paper

Scenario5

Scenario5.rar contains 100 tree data generated under Scenario 5 as mentioned in the paper

Synthesis and Chemical Reactivity of Tetrahydro[60]fullerene Epoxides with Both Amino and Aryl Addends

Tetrahydro­[60]­fullerene epoxides C₆₀(O)­Ar_<i>n</i>(NR₂)_4–<i>n</i>, <i>n</i> = 1, 2, have been prepared by treating 1,4-adducts C₆₀(OH)­Ph and C₆₀(Tol)₂ with cyclic secondary amines. The epoxy moieties in these mixed tetrahydro[60]­fullerene epoxides were hydrolyzed into the corresponding diol derivatives, which were further oxidized into diketone open-cage fullerenes with a 10-membered orifice. A few other reactions also showed that the present tetrahydro[60]­fullerene epoxides with both amino and aryl addends exhibit improved chemical reactivity over the tetraamino[60]­fullerene epoxide without any aryl group

Leaf (right slash), root (left slash) and stem (blank) biomass of the plants in the terrestrial (gray bars) and aquatic habitats (white bars) under different Cu pollution conditions.

<p>Data are presented as the means ± SE without transformation.</p

Schematic illustration describing the experimental design.

<p>Two pots of the same size were used to simulate the terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The terrestrial habitat was simulated using a 1:1 mixture of soil and sand and four grams of solid slow-release fertilizer. The aquatic habitat was simulated using tap water and different levels of Cu in sulfate form. The small clonal fragments consisted of a perennial root and a single stolon with an apex and were rooted from the edge at a distance of one fourth the pot length. The design is described in the experiment and measurements section of the Materials and Methods.</p

Effects of Cu Pollution on the Expansion of an Amphibious Clonal Herb in Aquatic-Terrestrial Ecotones - Fig 3

<p>Growth rate of the total length (G_L) and growth rate of new ramets (G_NR) of <i>Alternanthera philoxeroides</i> in terrestrial habitats (a) and aquatic habitats (b) across six stages. The box-plot graphs show the variation in G_L (c) and G_NB (d) of the plants in terrestrial habitats (T) and aquatic habitats (A) under different Cu pollution, and the data for the stages are grouped together.</p

Supplemental Material - Examining short-term and long-term effects of self-esteem on relationship satisfaction using a dyadic response surface analysis

Supplemental Material for Examining short-term and long-term effects of self-esteem on relationship satisfaction using a dyadic response surface analysis by Zehua Jiang, Liang Xu and Xiuying Qian in Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.</p