Anger makes ethnocentrism among whites a stronger predictor of racial and immigration policy opinions

Politics has been filled with angry rhetoric. And politicians, such as Donald Trump, have used anger to their electoral benefit. But what are the political consequences of an angry political environment. Research by Antoine Banks shows that anger (unrelated to racial and ethnic groups) causes ethnocentric whites to be more opposing of policies considered to benefit racial and ethnic minorities. But, it also causes those low in ethnocentrism to defend the rights and interest of these groups

A Survey of Established Veterinary Clinical Skills Laboratories from Europe and North America:Present Practices and Recent Developments

Hierarchical clustering analysis of all dysregulated genes. (TIF 11970 kb

[3 + 2] Cycloadditions of Azides with Arynes via Photolysis of Phthaloyl Peroxide Derivatives

Photolysis of phthaloyl peroxides yields arynes, which undergo [3 + 2] cycloadditions with azides. This reaction tolerates a variety of organic azides and phthaloyl peroxides and affords the corresponding benzotriazoles in moderate to good yields at room temperature

Leaving Group Dependence of the Rates of Halogen–Magnesium Exchange Reactions

Relative reactivities and absolute rate constants of the reactions of haloarenes with <i>i</i>-PrMgCl·LiCl were investigated in THF at 0 °C. The rate of the halogen–magnesium exchange decreases in the series ArI > ArBr > ArCl (relative reactivities: 10¹¹:10⁶:1). Preliminary experiments show that the <i>p</i>-tolylsulfinyl group is exchanged slightly faster than iodide, while a tosyl group is exchanged at least 10⁴ times more slowly than a bromide

Histogram plots of the first order conditional strategies used at the following round in response to Cooperation (A), Defection (B), and Punishment (C).

<p>Error bars represent Standard Errors of the means. The statistical output is reported in Table B in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0166101#pone.0166101.s001" target="_blank">S1 File</a>.</p

Proportions of behavioural responses between participants.

<p>Men were more cooperative (34% vs. 24%) and women more likely to defect (65% vs. 50%) (*** is p ≤ 0.001). Instead, there was no difference between the genders (16% vs. 11%, NS) in respect to punishment (w = 7878.5, <i>p</i> = 0.1984). Error bars represent Standard Errors of the means.</p

Discovery of Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of NF-κB Signaling with Antiinflammatory and Anticancer Properties

Excessive NF-κB activation contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Small-molecule inhibitors of NF-κB signaling have significant therapeutic potential especially in treating inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this study, we performed a cell-based high-throughput screening to discover novel agents capable of inhibiting NF-κB signaling. On the basis of two hit scaffolds from the screening, we synthesized 69 derivatives to optimize the potency for inhibition of NF-κB activation, leading to successful discovery of the most potent compound <b>Z9j</b> with over 170-fold enhancement of inhibitory activity. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that <b>Z9j</b> inhibited NF-κB signaling via suppression of Src/Syk, PI3K/Akt, and IKK/IκB pathways. This novel compound also demonstrated antiinflammatory and anticancer activities, warranting its further development as a potential multifunctional agent to treat inflammatory diseases and cancers

Iron Impurities as the Active Sites for Peroxidase-like Catalytic Reaction on Graphene and Its Derivatives

We established four kinds of good dispersing systems of graphene and its derivatives with different structural characteristics to estimate their peroxidase-like activity. Besides graphene oxide (GO), it is demonstrated that defect-free graphene, low-oxygen graphene, and iron­(III)-doped graphene oxide (GO-Fe) are all capable of H₂O₂ activation to oxidize peroxidase substrates. As for defect-free graphene, the dispersibility in reaction medium exerts great impact on its catalytic activity and our further judgements concerning the nature of active sites. Improved stability and further exfoliation of defect-free graphene in reaction medium are beneficial to the access of reactants to active sites on the basal planes and enhance its peroxidase-like activity, which is superior to that of low-oxygen graphene and much higher than that of GO. In addition, their peroxidase-like activity can be greatly inhibited by the addition of iron chelators. Interestingly, the introduction of trace ferric ions into GO does not lead to an apparent change except for remarkable increase of its peroxidase-like activity. Therefore, we propose that the observed iron impurities rather than the doped nonmetallic heteroatoms play an important role in the peroxidase-like activity of graphene and its derivatives. In this light, saturated iron­(III) was immobilized onto the oxygen-donor coordination of GO to immensely promote its activity. The peroxidase-like activity of the prepared GO-Fe was systematically evaluated by using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine and pyrogallol as peroxidase substrates and was compared to that of horseradish peroxidase and hemin. As a result, GO-Fe shows excellent peroxidase-like catalytic activity, which is comparable to that of hemin. Furthermore, GO-Fe was used for the quantitative detection of H₂O₂ and glucose

Structural Coloration of Colloidal Fiber by Photonic Band Gap and Resonant Mie Scattering

Because structural color is fadeless and dye-free, structurally colored materials have attracted great attention in a wide variety of research fields. In this work, we report the use of a novel structural coloration strategy applied to the fabrication of colorful colloidal fibers. The nanostructured fibers with tunable structural colors were massively produced by colloidal electrospinning. Experimental results and theoretical modeling reveal that the homogeneous and noniridescent structural colors of the electrospun fibers are caused by two phenomena: reflection due to the band gap of photonic structure and Mie scattering of the colloidal spheres. Our unprecedented findings show promise in paving way for the development of revolutionary dye-free technology for the coloration of various fibers

Discovery of Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of NF-κB Signaling with Antiinflammatory and Anticancer Properties

Excessive NF-κB activation contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Small-molecule inhibitors of NF-κB signaling have significant therapeutic potential especially in treating inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this study, we performed a cell-based high-throughput screening to discover novel agents capable of inhibiting NF-κB signaling. On the basis of two hit scaffolds from the screening, we synthesized 69 derivatives to optimize the potency for inhibition of NF-κB activation, leading to successful discovery of the most potent compound <b>Z9j</b> with over 170-fold enhancement of inhibitory activity. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that <b>Z9j</b> inhibited NF-κB signaling via suppression of Src/Syk, PI3K/Akt, and IKK/IκB pathways. This novel compound also demonstrated antiinflammatory and anticancer activities, warranting its further development as a potential multifunctional agent to treat inflammatory diseases and cancers