Background characteristics of the 33,411 cases and controls in Hong Kong^a.

a<p>Excluded ex-smokers and ex-drinkers.</p

All-cause, all-CVD and all-cancer Population Attributable Risk (%) and total avoidable lives lost as a result of the adverse lifestyles.

a<p>The combined takes into account shared effects and is therefore not equivalent to the sum of the individual components.</p

Adjusted odds ratios for combined risk factors and mortality^a.

a<p>Adjusting for sex, age (5 yrs group), education (no/primary, secondary, tertiary or higher), place of birth, housing (public housing, hut/shared, self owned, quarter/others) and job (sedentary, light, moderate, heavy, none).</p><p>*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.</p

Adjusted odds ratios for individual risk factors and mortality^a.

a<p>Adjusting for sex, age (5 yrs group), education (no/primary, secondary, tertiary or higher), place of birth, housing (public housing, hut/shared, self owned, quarter/others), job (sedentary, light, moderate, heavy, none) and the other variables in the table. Reference odds ratio is “1” for fruit intake 7 times or above per week, physical activities 2 times or above per week, non-heavy drinking and never-smoking.</p><p>*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.</p