Wigner distributions for an electron

We study the Wigner distributions for a physical electron, which reveal the multidimensional images of the electron. The physical electron is considered as a composite system of a bare electron and photon. The Wigner distributions for unpolarized, longitudinally polarized and transversely polarized electron are presented in transverse momentum plane as well as in impact parameter plane. The spin-spin correlations between the bare electron and the physical electron are discussed. We also evaluate all the leading twist generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs) for electron.Comment: 27 pages, 18 figures, text modified, version accepted in Nuclear Physics

Gravitational form factors and angular momentum densities in light-front quark-diquark model

We investigate the gravitational form factors (GFFs) and the longitudinal momentum densities ($p^+$ densities) for proton in a light-front quark-diquark model. The light-front wave functions are constructed from the soft-wall AdS/QCD prediction. The contributions from both the scalar and the axial vector diquarks are considered here. The results are compared with the consequences of a parametrization of nucleon generalized parton distributions (GPDs) in the light of recent MRST measurements of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and a soft-wall AdS/QCD model. The spatial distribution of angular momentum for up and down quarks inside the nucleon has been presented. At the density level, we illustrate different definitions of angular momentum explicitly for an up and down quark in the light-front quark-diquark model inspired by AdS/QCD.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures; version to appear in EPJ

Equilibration of Quantum hall edges in symmetry broken bilayer graphene

Equilibration of quantum Hall edges is studied in a high quality dual gated bilayer graphene device in both unipolar and bipolar regime when all the degeneracies of the zero energy Landau level are completely lifted. We find that in the unipolar regime when the filling factor under the top gate region is higher than the back gate filling factor, the equilibration is partial based on their spin polarization. However, the complete mixing of the edge states is observed in the bipolar regime irrespective of their spin configurations due to the Landau level collapsing at the sharp pn junction in our thin hBN (~ 15 nm) encapsulated device, in consistent with the existing theory

Non-existence of certain type of convex functions on a Riemannian manifold with a pole

This paper is devoted to the study of non-existence of certain type of convex functions on a Riemannian manifold with a pole. To this end, we have developed the notion of odd and even function on a Riemannian manifold with a pole and proved the non-existence of non-trivial and non-negative differentiable odd convex function whose gradient is complete. Finally, we have deduced some isoperimetric type inequality related with convex function

Equilibration of quantum hall edge states and its conductance fluctuations in graphene p-n junctions

We report an observation of conductance fuctuations (CFs) in the bipolar regime of quantum hall (QH) plateaus in graphene (p-n-p/n-p-n) devices. The CFs in the bipolar regime are shown to decrease with increasing bias and temperature. At high temperature (above 7 K) the CFs vanishes completely and the flat quantized plateaus are recovered in the bipolar regime. The values of QH plateaus are in theoretical agreement based on full equilibration of chiral channels at the p-n junction. The amplitude of CFs for different filling factors follows a trend predicted by the random matrix theory. Although, there are mismatch in the values of CFs between the experiment and theory but at higher filling factors the experimental values become closer to the theoretical prediction. The suppression of CFs and its dependence has been understood in terms of time dependent disorders present at the p-n junctions