A context-dependent model of resilient functioning after childhood maltreatment—the case for flexible biobehavioral synchrony

Many children who experience childhood adversity, whether in the form of threat or deprivation, develop adaptive competencies that lead to resilient functioning. Still, research has not succeeded in accurately predicting the level of resilient functioning by any kind of biomarkers, likely because it has sidelined the flexibility inherent in a construct that is situationally and developmentally variable. Whilst recent research acknowledges the importance of redefining resilience in order to reflect its dynamic nature after adversity, evidence for specific behaviors that are developmentally adaptive and dynamic throughout the lifespan is limited. We here propose a model in which resilient functioning is crucially dependent on the individual’s capability to flexibly synchronize with and segregate from another’s cognitive-affective, behavioral, and physiological states, known as ‘biobehavioral synchrony’. Such an adaptive interpersonal skill is rooted in (a) the early caregiving experience and its regulatory effects on an individual’s physiological stress reactivity, as well as (b) the development of self–other distinction which can be affected by childhood maltreatment. Bridging the gap between accounts of flexible resilient functioning and the latest thinking in biobehavioral synchrony, we will review behavioral and neurobiological evidence that threat and deprivation in childhood interfere with the development of dynamic, context-sensitive boundaries between self and other, mediated by the (right) tempo-parietal junction (a central neural hub for interpersonal synchronization), which puts the individual at risk for affective fusion or cut-off from others’ arousal states. Our proposed model charts a path for investigating the differential effects of maltreatment experiences and mechanisms for intergenerational transmission of non-sensitive caregiving. We conclude with metrics, data analysis methods, and strategies to facilitate flexible biobehavioral synchrony

Preparation and experimental efficiency mark of new direct anticoagulant

Compounds with anticoagulant activity have been extracted from plant (Vaccinium myrtillus). The action of effectors realize at intrinsic way of blood coagulation. In this work we study influences of new plantderived direct anticoagulant in vitro and in vivo (in laser-induced model of thrombosis) at hemostasis and hemodynamics and compare its effects with heparin

Извлечение ионов фтора из водных сред при использовании минералов

В рамках данного исследования рассматриваются различные образцы минеральных пород (бентонит, диатомит, пирит и другие) на определение их удельной поверхности и удельного объёма пор и возможности извлечения ими из воды ионов фтора. Определены наиболее эффективные образцы минералов.In this work, various samples of mineral rocks (bentonite, diatomite, pyrite and more) were studied to determine their specific surface area, specific pore volume and the possibility of extracting fluoride ions from water. The most effective samples of minerals were determined

Повышение эффективности нефтяных скважин в условиях коррозионной агрессивности скважинной продукции

Объектом исследования является ингибиторы коррозии и насосно-компрессорные трубы. Цель работы – провести глубокий анализ ингибиторов коррозии технологии подачи их в скважину и глубокий анализ насосно-компрессорные труб. Определить оптимальную дозировку реагента и оптимальный тип насосно-компрессорных труб для данных условий. В процессе исследования изучались негативные влияния коррозии на работу глубинно-насосного оборудование, рассматривались наиболее популярные технологии подачи ингибитора в скважину, а также проведён углубленный анализ ингибитор… Область применения: разработаны рекомендации для достижения наилучших показателей МРП и СНО.Object of a research is inhibitors of corrosion and pump and compressor pipes. The work purpose – to carry out the deep analysis of inhibitors of corrosion of technology of giving them to the well and the deep analysis pump and compressor pipes. To define an optimum dosage of reagent and optimum type of pump and compressor pipes for these conditions. In the course of the research negative impacts of corrosion on work deep and pump the equipment were studied, the most popular technologies of supply of inhibitor to the well were considered and also the profound analysis inhibitor is carried out … Scope: recommendations for achievement of the best indicators of MRP and SNO are developed

Root canal pre-treatment and adhesive system affect bond strength durability of fiber posts ex vivo

Objectives: To investigate the effect of different pre-treatments on the long-term bond strength of fiberglass posts luted either with dual-curing self-etch adhesives and core build-up composites or with a self-adhesive resin (SAR) cement. Materials and methods: In total, 180 human root-filled teeth received post-space preparations and three different dentin pre-treatments (PTs): PT1, ethanol (99%); PT2, ethanol-tertiary-butanol-water-solution (AH Plus Cleaner, Dentsply Sirona; York, USA); and PT3, distilled water (control). Five luting systems were used: FU, Futurabond U (Voco; Cuxhaven, Germany); CL, Clearfil DC Bond (Kuraray Noritake; Okayama, Japan); GR, Gradia Core SE Bond (GC Europe NV; Leuven, Belgium); LU, LuxaBond Universal (DMG; Hamburg, Germany); and RX, RelyX Unicem 2 (3M; Minnesota, USA). Roots were cut into six slices (1 mm thick). From each root canal region, three slices were submitted to immediate and three to post-storage push-out testing. The latter were subjected to thermocycling (5–55°C, 6.000 cycles) and stored for six months in saline solution (0.9%, 37°C). Data were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA and chi-square tests (MV±SD). Results: Bond strength was significantly affected by material (p<0.0005), pre-treatment (p=0.016), and storage (p<0.0005; repeated-measures ANOVA). LU (18.8±8.1MPa) revealed significantly higher bond strength than RX (16.08±6.4MPa), GR (15.1±4.6MPa), CL (13.95±5.2MPa), and FU (13.7±6.3MPa). PT1 (16.5±6.9MPa) revealed significantly higher bond strength than PT3 (14.5±5.7MPa). Conclusions: A universal adhesive in self-etch mode combined with a core build-up material revealed higher bond strength than a SAR cement, both interacted positively with Ethanol pre-treatment. Clinical relevance statement: Ethanol (99%) rinsing can be recommended as part of post and core pre-treatment for the investigated luting systems

Die offene Mundhaltung - Ursache oder Wirkung der vergrößerten Rachenmandel ?

EINLEITUNG: Klärung des kausalen Zusammenhangs von Adenoiden und Mundatmung. METHODEN: Es erfolgten eine HNO-ärztliche Untersuchung und eine kieferorthopädische Untersuchung vor und nach Adenotomie, die anamnestische und klinische Befunde beinhalteten. ERGEBNISSE: 50 Kinder im Alter von 2,5 - 6,5 Jahren wurden untersucht. Offene Mundhaltung wurde unabhängig von der Rachenmandelgröße beobachtet. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG: Trotz Beseitigung der Adenoide ist bei der Mehrzahl noch eine offene Mundhaltung vorhanden. Diese Kinder müssen interdisziplinär betreut werden

Autism spectrum disorder classification based on interpersonal neural synchrony: Can classification be improved by dyadic neural biomarkers using unsupervised graph representation learning?

Research in machine learning for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) classification bears the promise to improve clinical diagnoses. However, recent studies in clinical imaging have shown the limited generalization of biomarkers across and beyond benchmark datasets. Despite increasing model complexity and sample size in neuroimaging, the classification performance of ASD remains far away from clinical application. This raises the question of how we can overcome these barriers to develop early biomarkers for ASD. One approach might be to rethink how we operationalize the theoretical basis of this disease in machine learning models. Here we introduced unsupervised graph representations that explicitly map the neural mechanisms of a core aspect of ASD, deficits in dyadic social interaction, as assessed by dual brain recordings, termed hyperscanning, and evaluated their predictive performance. The proposed method differs from existing approaches in that it is more suitable to capture social interaction deficits on a neural level and is applicable to young children and infants. First results from functional near-infrared spectroscopy data indicate potential predictive capacities of a task-agnostic, interpretable graph representation. This first effort to leverage interaction-related deficits on neural level to classify ASD may stimulate new approaches and methods to enhance existing models to achieve developmental ASD biomarkers in the future.Comment: Accepted in Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2022: The 5th International Workshop on Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimagin