Дослідження впливу модифікації магнітомічених дріжджів Saccharomyces cerevisiae на вилучення катіонів міді Cu2+

Research of biosorption and search for the cheapest and effective biosorbents of heavy metals are important for wastewater treatment, recovery and allocation of precious metals. Biosorbent artificially provided with magnetic properties quickly and efficiently can be removed from the workspace. Magnetically labeled biosorbent obtained by multi-vortical MHD stirring of yeast S. cerevisiae with nanoscale magnetic labels is able to remove from solutions a wide range of metals, and is the subject of the study.Sorption properties of cell walls in the case of passive biosorption are dependent from represented on its surface functional groups such as carboxyl and amino groups. Quantitative analysis of the contribution of functional groups, lipids and proteins in sorption capacity of magnetically labeled cells of interest for understanding the sorption of metal cations, interactions of particles of magnetite with cell wall and sorption of metal cations by immobilized magnetite. There is a need to detect how many functional groups are blocked by magnetite during multi-vortical MHD stirring.To solve this problem it is prompted to investigate and analyze the sorption capacity of magnetically labeled yeast by modifying the surface of biosorbent by extraction or blocking in terms of biosorption by functional groups.The results showed that the carboxyl groups, and after them the amino group of the cell wall of native and magnetically labeled yeasts have the greatest contribution to the sorption of copper cations. Magnetic labels interact with −COOH groups and block them − about 15 % of the cell wall components extracted using NaOH. At the same time 1 % by weight of magnetite provides biosorbent equivalent amount of copper cations binding sites on the surface of cells, which in turn leads to the same sorption capacity of native and magnetically labeled yeasts.Исследована сорбционная емкость магнитомеченых дрожжей S. cerevisiae, полученных с помощью многовихревого магнитогидродинамического перемешивания суспензии с наноразмерным магнетитом Fe3O4, в зависимости от модификации клеточной стенки. Также исследованы метилирование аминогрупп, этерификация карбоксильных групп, обработка щелочью и экстракция липидов магнитомеченых дрожжей S. cerevisiae. Полученные результаты показали вклад компонентов клеточной стенки в максимальную сорбционную емкость биосорбента по отношению к катионам меди Cu2+.Досліджено сорбційну ємність магнітомічених дріжджів S. cerevisiae, отриманих за допомогою багатовихрового магнітогідродинамічного перемішування суспензії з нанорозмірним магнетитом Fe3O4, в залежності від модифікації клітинної стінки. Також досліджено метилювання аміногруп, етерифікацію карбоксильних груп, обробку лугом і екстракцію ліпідів магнітомічених дріжджів S. cerevisiae. Отриманні результати показали вклад компонентів клітинної стінки в максимальну сорбційну ємність біосорбенту по відношенню до катіонів міді Cu2+

Дослідження впливу модифікації магнітомічених дріжджів Saccharomyces cerevisiae на вилучення катіонів міді Cu2+

Research of biosorption and search for the cheapest and effective biosorbents of heavy metals are important for wastewater treatment, recovery and allocation of precious metals. Biosorbent artificially provided with magnetic properties quickly and efficiently can be removed from the workspace. Magnetically labeled biosorbent obtained by multi-vortical MHD stirring of yeast S. cerevisiae with nanoscale magnetic labels is able to remove from solutions a wide range of metals, and is the subject of the study.Sorption properties of cell walls in the case of passive biosorption are dependent from represented on its surface functional groups such as carboxyl and amino groups. Quantitative analysis of the contribution of functional groups, lipids and proteins in sorption capacity of magnetically labeled cells of interest for understanding the sorption of metal cations, interactions of particles of magnetite with cell wall and sorption of metal cations by immobilized magnetite. There is a need to detect how many functional groups are blocked by magnetite during multi-vortical MHD stirring.To solve this problem it is prompted to investigate and analyze the sorption capacity of magnetically labeled yeast by modifying the surface of biosorbent by extraction or blocking in terms of biosorption by functional groups.The results showed that the carboxyl groups, and after them the amino group of the cell wall of native and magnetically labeled yeasts have the greatest contribution to the sorption of copper cations. Magnetic labels interact with −COOH groups and block them − about 15 % of the cell wall components extracted using NaOH. At the same time 1 % by weight of magnetite provides biosorbent equivalent amount of copper cations binding sites on the surface of cells, which in turn leads to the same sorption capacity of native and magnetically labeled yeasts.Исследована сорбционная емкость магнитомеченых дрожжей S. cerevisiae, полученных с помощью многовихревого магнитогидродинамического перемешивания суспензии с наноразмерным магнетитом Fe3O4, в зависимости от модификации клеточной стенки. Также исследованы метилирование аминогрупп, этерификация карбоксильных групп, обработка щелочью и экстракция липидов магнитомеченых дрожжей S. cerevisiae. Полученные результаты показали вклад компонентов клеточной стенки в максимальную сорбционную емкость биосорбента по отношению к катионам меди Cu2+.Досліджено сорбційну ємність магнітомічених дріжджів S. cerevisiae, отриманих за допомогою багатовихрового магнітогідродинамічного перемішування суспензії з нанорозмірним магнетитом Fe3O4, в залежності від модифікації клітинної стінки. Також досліджено метилювання аміногруп, етерифікацію карбоксильних груп, обробку лугом і екстракцію ліпідів магнітомічених дріжджів S. cerevisiae. Отриманні результати показали вклад компонентів клітинної стінки в максимальну сорбційну ємність біосорбенту по відношенню до катіонів міді Cu2+

Dynamics of riverbank ephemeral plant communities in the Stryzhen’ river estuary (Chernihiv, Ukraine)

The authors investigated the dynamics of ephemeral plant communities in the Stryzhen’ river estuary (N51°29’17’’, E31°18’57’’; Chernihiv, Ukraine; Eastern Polesia) after exposure to stress factors. The study of plant communities was carried out with generally accepted geobotanical methods. Samples of soil and water were analysed (in laboratory) using colorimetric methods and stripping voltammetry. The research shows that edaphic and hydrological conditions in the riverside alluvial sediment near the Stryzhen’ river estuary have changed under the influence of meteorological factors (mainly rainfalls). These changes have induced vegetation succession. In the monitored area, we observed a decrease in the concentration of nitrate, an increase in ammonia nitrogen content, the accumulation of sulphates, phosphates and salts of Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, which came from rainfall and melt water. The accumulation of heavy metal salts did not reduce the formation of plant communities. The prognosis of further vegetation changes in the monitored alluvial area has been made. An increase in the area of communities on rich, low salified soils (order Agrostietalia stoloniferae Oberdorfer in Oberdorfer et al. 1967) is anticipated. Locations of Crypsis schoenoides (L.) Lam. and Dichostylis micheliana (L.) Nees. were identified for the first time in the Chernihiv region. Diaspora of these plants arrived in the Stryzhen’ river estuary through hydrochory along the northwest migratory route and the upper river that originates near the border of Ukraine and Belarus

Емоційний інтелект в організації структури мотивації особистості

The aim of the study is to establish the correlation between emotional intelligence parameters in the personality motivation structure and compare emotional intelligence in the researched groups. Methods. The research participants comprise a diverse range of social sectors, including higher education students, workers in the production, service, commerce, transport, and logistics industries, members of the armed forces, and those experiencing temporary unemployment. There were a total of 130 respondents, ranging in age from 18 to 57 years. Adapted psychodiagnostic instruments that are valid and reliable for domestic studies were used: the questionnaire “Level of development of emotional intelligence of the individual” (LDEII) (Zarytska, 2019); the questionnaire “Assessment of the Level of Aspirations” (ALA) (Gerbachevsky, 2003); “The method of diagnosing the individual’s motivation to achieve success and avoid failure” (MASAF) (Elers, 2002). Results. The Spearman coefficient (rs) revealed thirty-five positive and eight negative correlations between emotional intelligence parameters and motivation parameters (p< .050; p < .010; p < .001). A statistically significant advantage (p < .050; p < .010; p < .001) of Group 2 (a high level of EI) was stated in terms of motivation parameters: the self-esteem motivation, the significance of results, the task complexity, the assessment of the level of achieved results, the assessment of one’s potential, the expected level of results and the level of motivation for achieving success. It was established that the parameters of motivation “significance of results”, “task complexity”, “assessment of the level of achieved results”, and “assessment of one’s potential” are associated with the achievement of difficult goals, which in turn requires the mobilization of the emotional-volitional potential of the individual. Discussion and сonclusions. It was substantiated that emotional intelligence, through understanding the emotions of others and the ability to use this knowledge in activities, is naturally associated with a significant number of motivation parameters. Since emotions are what motivate people to take action, accomplish a goal, and reach new heights, it was generalized that emotional intelligence is the primary source of motivation. It is advised to incorporate the findings into psychological theory and practice.Метою дослідження є з’ясування зв’язку параметрів емоційного інтелекту в структурі мотивації особистості та порівняння емоційного інтелекту в досліджуваних групах. Методи. Учасниками дослідження є представники різних суспільних сфер: здобувачі закладів вищої освіти, працівники виробництва, сфери обслуговування, торгівлі, транспортно-логістичного напрямку, військові та тимчасово безробітні. Віковий діапазон респондентів знаходився у межах від 18 до 57 років, загальною кількістю n=130. Використано валідні й надійні психодіагностичні інструменти, які пройшли адаптацію у вітчизняних дослідженнях: методика “Розвиток емоційного інтелекту особистості” (РЕІО) (Zarytska, 2019); опитувальник “Оцінка рівня домагань” (ОРД) (Гербачевський, 2003); методика “Мотивація досягнення успіху й уникнення невдачі” (МДУУН) (Elers, 2002). Результати. Зафіксовано тридцять п’ять позитивних і вісім негативних кореляційних зв’язків (p<.050; p<.010; p<.001) за коефіцієнтом Спірмена (rs) параметрів емоційного інтелекту з параметрами мотивації. Констатовано статистично достовірну перевагу (p<.050; p<.010; p<.001) групи 2 (високий рівень ЕІ) за параметрами мотивації: мотив самоповаги, значущість результатів, складність завдання, оцінка рівня досягнутих результатів, оцінка свого потенціалу, очікуваний рівень результатів та рівень мотивації досягнення успіху. Встановлено, що параметри мотивації “значущість результатів”, “складність завдання”, “оцінка рівня досягнутих результатів” і “оцінка свого потенціалу” пов’язані з досягненням важких цілей, що у свою чергу вимагає мобілізації емоційно-вольового потенціалу особистості. Дискусія і висновки. Обґрунтовано, що емоційний інтелект, через розуміння емоцій інших і здатність використовувати ці знання в діяльності, закономірно зв’язаний зі значною кількістю параметрів мотивації. Узагальнено, що емоційний інтелект є рушійною силою мотивації, бо саме емоції спонукають індивіда діяти, досягати мету й підкорювати чергову вершину. Рекомендовано отримані результати впроваджувати у психологічну теорію і практику

Problems functioning of the technology transfer of scientific educational activities in logistics

У статті розглянуто процес формування офісу трансферу технологій на базі кафедри вищого навчального закладу України та проблеми його функціонування на даному етапі розвитку процесу комерціалізації наукових розробок.In the article authors searched a process of forming an office for transfer of technologies at the department of university in Ukraine and described problems of it`s functioning on this stage of development a process of commercialization the Scientific’s researching

Ertugliflozin and Slope of Chronic eGFR: Prespecified Analyses from the Randomized VERTIS CV Trial

Background and objectives A reduction in the rate of eGFR decline, with preservation of $0.75 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, has been proposed as a surrogate for kidney disease progression. We report results from prespecified analyses assessing effects of ertugliflozin versus placebo on eGFR slope from the eValuation of ERTugliflozin effIcacy and Safety CardioVascular outcomes (VERTIS CV) trial (NCT01986881). Design, setting, participants, & measurements Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were randomized to placebo, ertugliflozin 5 mg, and ertugliflozin 15 mg (1:1:1). The analyses compared the effect of ertugliflozin (pooled doses, n55499) versus placebo (n52747) on eGFR slope per week and per year by random coefficient models. Study periods (weeks 0–6 and weeks 6–52) and total and chronic slopes (week 0 or week 6 to weeks 104, 156, 208, and 260) were modeled separately and by baseline kidney status. Results In the overall population, for weeks 0–6, the least squares mean eGFR slopes (ml/min per 1.73 m2 per week [95% confidence interval (95% CI)]) were 20.07 (20.16 to 0.03) and 20.54 (20.61 to 20.48) for the placebo and ertugliflozin groups, respectively; the difference was 20.47 (20.59 to 20.36). During weeks 6–52, least squares mean eGFR slopes (ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year [95% CI]) were 20.12 (20.70 to 0.46) and 1.62 (1.21 to 2.02) for the placebo and ertugliflozin groups, respectively; the difference was 1.74 (1.03 to 2.45). For weeks 6–156, least squares mean eGFR slopes (ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year [95% CI]) were 21.51 (21.70 to 21.32) and 20.32 (20.45 to 20.19) for the placebo and ertugliflozin groups, respectively; the difference was 1.19 (0.95 to 1.42). During weeks 0–156, the placebo-adjusted difference in least squares mean slope was 1.06 (0.85 to 1.27). These findings were consistent by baseline kidney status. Conclusions Ertugliflozin has a favorable placebo-adjusted eGFR slope .0.75 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, documenting the kidney function preservation underlying the clinical benefits of ertugliflozin on kidney disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Clinical Trial registry name and registration number: US National Library of Medicine, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01986881. Date of trial registration: November 13, 2013

Effects of ertugliflozin on kidney composite outcomes, renal function and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an analysis from the randomised VERTIS CV trial

Aims/hypothesis In previous work, we reported the HR for the risk (95% CI) of the secondary kidney composite endpoint (time to first event of doubling of serum creatinine from baseline, renal dialysis/transplant or renal death) with ertugliflozin compared with placebo as 0.81 (0.63, 1.04). The effect of ertugliflozin on exploratory kidney-related outcomes was evaluated using data from the eValuation of ERTugliflozin effIcacy and Safety CardioVascular outcomes (VERTIS CV) trial (NCT01986881). Methods Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established atherosclerotic CVD were randomised to receive ertugliflozin 5 mg or 15 mg (observations from both doses were pooled), or matching placebo, added on to existing treatment. The kidney composite outcome in VERTIS CV (reported previously) was time to first event of doubling of serum creatinine from baseline, renal dialysis/transplant or renal death. The pre-specified exploratory composite outcome replaced doubling of serum creatinine with sustained 40% decrease from baseline in eGFR. In addition, the impact of ertugliflozin on urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) and eGFR over time was assessed. Results A total of 8246 individuals were randomised and followed for a mean of 3.5 years. The exploratory kidney composite outcome of sustained 40% reduction from baseline in eGFR, chronic kidney dialysis/transplant or renal death occurred at a lower event rate (events per 1000 person-years) in the ertugliflozin group than with the placebo group (6.0 vs 9.0); the HR (95% CI) was 0.66 (0.50, 0.88). At 60 months, in the ertugliflozin group, placebo-corrected changes from baseline (95% CIs) in UACR and eGFR were −16.2% (−23.9, −7.6) and 2.6 ml min−1 [1.73 m]−2 (1.5, 3.6), respectively. Ertugliflozin was associated with a consistent decrease in UACR and attenuation of eGFR decline across subgroups, with a suggested larger effect observed in the macroalbuminuria and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (KDIGO CKD) high/very high-risk subgroups. Conclusions/interpretation Among individuals with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic CVD, ertugliflozin reduced the risk for the pre-specified exploratory composite renal endpoint and was associated with preservation of eGFR and reduced UACR. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT0198688

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia

BACKGROUND Patients with elevated triglyceride levels are at increased risk for ischemic events. Icosapent ethyl, a highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, lowers triglyceride levels, but data are needed to determine its effects on ischemic events. METHODS We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving patients with established cardiovascular disease or with diabetes and other risk factors, who had been receiving statin therapy and who had a fasting triglyceride level of 135 to 499 mg per deciliter (1.52 to 5.63 mmol per liter) and a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of 41 to 100 mg per deciliter (1.06 to 2.59 mmol per liter). The patients were randomly assigned to receive 2 g of icosapent ethyl twice daily (total daily dose, 4 g) or placebo. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or unstable angina. The key secondary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. RESULTS A total of 8179 patients were enrolled (70.7% for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events) and were followed for a median of 4.9 years. A primary end-point event occurred in 17.2% of the patients in the icosapent ethyl group, as compared with 22.0% of the patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68 to 0.83; P<0.001); the corresponding rates of the key secondary end point were 11.2% and 14.8% (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.83; P<0.001). The rates of additional ischemic end points, as assessed according to a prespecified hierarchical schema, were significantly lower in the icosapent ethyl group than in the placebo group, including the rate of cardiovascular death (4.3% vs. 5.2%; hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.98; P=0.03). A larger percentage of patients in the icosapent ethyl group than in the placebo group were hospitalized for atrial fibrillation or flutter (3.1% vs. 2.1%, P=0.004). Serious bleeding events occurred in 2.7% of the patients in the icosapent ethyl group and in 2.1% in the placebo group (P=0.06). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with elevated triglyceride levels despite the use of statins, the risk of ischemic events, including cardiovascular death, was significantly lower among those who received 2 g of icosapent ethyl twice daily than among those who received placebo. (Funded by Amarin Pharma; REDUCE-IT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01492361

Cardiovascular Outcomes with Ertugliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes

BACKGROUND The cardiovascular effects of ertugliflozin, an inhibitor of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2, have not been established. METHODS In a multicenter, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to receive 5 mg or 15 mg of ertugliflozin or placebo once daily. With the data from the two ertugliflozin dose groups pooled for analysis, the primary objective was to show the noninferiority of ertugliflozin to placebo with respect to the primary outcome, major adverse cardiovascular events (a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke). The noninferiority margin was 1.3 (upper boundary of a 95.6% confidence interval for the hazard ratio [ertugliflozin vs. placebo] for major adverse cardiovascular events). The first key secondary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for heart failure. RESULTS A total of 8246 patients underwent randomization and were followed for a mean of 3.5 years. Among 8238 patients who received at least one dose of ertugliflozin or placebo, a major adverse cardiovascular event occurred in 653 of 5493 patients (11.9%) in the ertugliflozin group and in 327 of 2745 patients (11.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95.6% confidence interval [CI], 0.85 to 1.11; P<0.001 for noninferiority). Death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 444 of 5499 patients (8.1%) in the ertugliflozin group and in 250 of 2747 patients (9.1%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95.8% CI, 0.75 to 1.03; P=0.11 for superiority). The hazard ratio for death from cardiovascular causes was 0.92 (95.8% CI, 0.77 to 1.11), and the hazard ratio for death from renal causes, renal replacement therapy, or doubling of the serum creatinine level was 0.81 (95.8% CI, 0.63 to 1.04). Amputations were performed in 54 patients (2.0%) who received the 5-mg dose of ertugliflozin and in 57 patients (2.1%) who received the 15-mg dose, as compared with 45 patients (1.6%) who received placebo. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, ertugliflozin was noninferior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. (Funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme and Pfizer; VERTIS CV ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01986881.)

Design and baseline characteristics of the eValuation of ERTugliflozin effIcacy and Safety CardioVascular outcomes trial (VERTIS-CV)

Background Ertugliflozin is an inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2), approved in the United States and European Union to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The VERTIS cardiovascular (CV) outcomes trial (NCT01986881) has a primary objective to demonstrate non-inferiority of ertugliflozin versus placebo on major adverse CV events: time to the first event of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. Secondary objectives are to demonstrate superiority of ertugliflozin versus placebo on time to: 1) the composite outcome of CV death or hospitalization for heart failure (HF); 2) CV death; and 3) the composite outcome of renal death, dialysis/transplant, or doubling of serum creatinine from baseline. Methods Patients ≥40 years old with T2DM (HbA1c 7.0–10.5%) and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) of the coronary, cerebral, and/or peripheral arterial systems, were randomized 1:1:1 to once daily double-blind placebo, ertugliflozin 5 mg or 15 mg added to existing therapy. Results 8246 patients were randomized and 8238 received at least 1 dose of investigational product. Mean age was 64.4 years, 11.0% were ≥75 years old, and mean diabetes duration was 12.9 years with screening HbA1c of 8.3%. At entry, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease were present in 76.3%, 23.1%, and 18.8% of patients, respectively. HF was present in 23.1%, and Stage 3 kidney disease in 21.6% of patients. Conclusion The results from the VERTIS-CV trial will define the CV and renal safety and efficacy of ertugliflozin in patients with T2DM and ASCVD. (Am Heart J 2018;206:11-23.