MoO₃ Nanorods Decorated by PbMoO₄ Nanoparticles for Enhanced Trimethylamine Sensing Performances at Low Working Temperature

The gas sensing performance of metal oxides is limited by the lack of conductivity and sensing activity. Inducing the release of more electrons and activating more chemisorbed oxygen ions to participate in the gas sensing reaction can effectively overcome this limitation. The development of a PbMoO4/MoO3 heterostructure prepared by the addition of Pb2+ ions with MoO3 nanorods is reported for highly sensitive and selective trimethylamine (TMA) detection. The response of the PbMoO4/MoO3 sensor (33.2) to 10 ppm TMA is improved 3-fold compared to the MoO3 sensor (10.7), and the working temperature is reduced from 170 to 133 °C. The enhanced gas sensing performance and mechanism of PbMoO4/MoO3 were demonstrated using the energy band diagram and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. It is mainly attributed to the following promotion: (1) the induction of Pb2+ ions increases the electron density around the Mo element, enabling the decorated MoO3 to release electrons easily; (2) the formed PbMoO4/MoO3 heterojunction endows a high degree of electron transfer at the interface; (3) the formation of the potential barrier causes the device resistance to decrease significantly upon TMA exposure. Finally, the practicability of the sensor was verified by detecting TMA released from Carassius auratus and shrimp to reflect their freshness

Additional file 18 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 18: Table S5. Nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates of orthologous bHLH genes between B. oleracea and A. thalian

Additional file 9 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 9: Figure S9. Conserved motifs analyses of bHLH genes in B. napus. A: The conserved motifs of AA genome of B. napus; B: The conserved motifs of CC genome of B. napus

Additional file 7 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 7: Figure S7. Conserved motifs analyses of bHLH genes in B. olerace

Additional file 10 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 10: Figure S10. Gene structure analyses of bHLH genes in B. oleracea. Exons and introns are represented by boxes and lines, respectively

Additional file 21 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 21: Table S8. Subcellular location predictions of partial bHLH protein

Additional file 12 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 12: Figure S12. Gene structure analyses of bHLH genes in the B. napus. A: Exons- introns ananalyses of bHLH genes in AA genome of B. napus; B: Exons- introns ananalyses of bHLH genes in CC genome of B. napus. Exons and introns are represented by boxes and lines, respectively

Additional file 4 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 4: Figure S4. Phylogenetic tree of bHLH genes of CC genome of B. napus. The numbers on the branches indicate the bootstrap percentage values calculated from 1000 replicates

Additional file 3 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 3: Figure S3. Phylogenetic tree of bHLH genes of AA genome of B. napus. The numbers on the branches indicate the bootstrap percentage values calculated from 1000 replicates

Additional file 1 of Comparative analysis of basic helix–loop–helix gene family among Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, and Brassica napus

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Phylogenetic tree of bHLH genes of B. oleracea, B. rapa, B. napus and A. thaliana. Branches of the bHLH genes in A. thaliana and B. rapa were labeled in red and green, respectively. The numbers on the branches indicate the bootstrap percentage values calculated from 1000 replicates