Synthesis of Indeno[1′,2′:4,5]imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridin-11-ones and Chromeno[4′,3′:4,5]imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridin-6-ones through Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of 2‑(2-Bromophenyl)imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridines

A novel and efficient synthesis of 11H-indeno­[1′,2′:4,5]­imidazo­[1,2-a]­pyridin-11-one, a hybrid structure of indenone with imidazo­[1,2-a]­pyridine, from the reaction of 2-(2-bromophenyl)­imidazo­[1,2-a]­pyridine with carbon monoxide through palladium-catalyzed CO insertion and C–H bond activation, has been developed. Intriguingly, under similar conditions but in the presence of Cu­(OAc)2, the reaction selectively afforded 6H-chromeno­[4′,3′:4,5]­imidazo­[1,2-a]­pyridin-6-one, a hybrid structure of chromenone with imidazo­[1,2-a]­pyridine, via a more sophisticated cascade process including acetoxylation, deacetylation, CO insertion, and C–H bond activation

Synthesis of Indeno[1′,2′:4,5]imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridin-11-ones and Chromeno[4′,3′:4,5]imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridin-6-ones through Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of 2‑(2-Bromophenyl)imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridines

A novel and efficient synthesis of 11<i>H</i>-indeno­[1′,2′:4,5]­imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridin-11-one, a hybrid structure of indenone with imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridine, from the reaction of 2-(2-bromophenyl)­imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridine with carbon monoxide through palladium-catalyzed CO insertion and C–H bond activation, has been developed. Intriguingly, under similar conditions but in the presence of Cu­(OAc)₂, the reaction selectively afforded 6<i>H</i>-chromeno­[4′,3′:4,5]­imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridin-6-one, a hybrid structure of chromenone with imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridine, via a more sophisticated cascade process including acetoxylation, deacetylation, CO insertion, and C–H bond activation

Additional file 1 of Interpretable instance disease prediction based on causal feature selection and effect analysis

Additional file 1. Neural Network Attribution Related Definition. Definition of TPR and FDR. Data Set Attributes

MOESM1 of miR-149 inhibits cell proliferation and enhances chemosensitivity by targeting CDC42 and BCL2 in neuroblastoma

Additional file 1: Figure S1. The expression of predicted targets of miR-149 in SK-N-SH cells. The expression levels of 8 predicted targets of miR-149 were detected in SK-N-SH cells and HUVEC cells. *P < 0.05

Memory-enhanced neural network control of piezoelectric actuators with a rate-amplitude-dependent hysteresis model

Due to the presence of strong hysteresis nonlinearity, achieving robust and precise control of piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) is highly challenging. In this article, a novel rate-amplitude-dependent asymmetric Prandtl-Ishlinskii (RADAPI) model is proposed for modeling the hysteresis nonlinearity in PEAs and ultimately used for feedforward control based on its inverse model. Then, an uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE)-based controller using radial basis function (RBF) neural network is developed to address the issue of integral windup. To overcome the issue of passive knowledge forgetting, the selective memory recursive least squares weight update law is adopted. Moreover, the stability of the closed-loop system is demonstrated. A combined control scheme, incorporating RADAPI hysteresis inverse model feedforward compensation along with RBF-UDE based closed-loop feedback control, is devised to enhance the trajectory tracking accuracy of PEAs. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results are provided to validate the proposed control scheme.</p

Memory-enhanced neural network control of piezoelectric actuators with a rate-amplitude-dependent hysteresis model

Due to the presence of strong hysteresis nonlinearity, achieving robust and precise control of piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) is highly challenging. In this article, a novel rate-amplitude-dependent asymmetric Prandtl-Ishlinskii (RADAPI) model is proposed for modeling the hysteresis nonlinearity in PEAs and ultimately used for feedforward control based on its inverse model. Then, an uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE)-based controller using radial basis function (RBF) neural network is developed to address the issue of integral windup. To overcome the issue of passive knowledge forgetting, the selective memory recursive least squares weight update law is adopted. Moreover, the stability of the closed-loop system is demonstrated. A combined control scheme, incorporating RADAPI hysteresis inverse model feedforward compensation along with RBF-UDE based closed-loop feedback control, is devised to enhance the trajectory tracking accuracy of PEAs. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results are provided to validate the proposed control scheme.</p

Additional file 1 of Blood virome of patients with traumatic sepsis

Additional file 1. Summary of sample information of sixteen pools

Selective Access to 3‑Cyano‑1<i>H</i>‑indoles, 9<i>H</i>‑Pyrimido[4,5‑<i>b</i>]indoles, or 9<i>H</i>‑Pyrido[2,3‑<i>b</i>]indoles through Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Multicomponent Cascade Reactions

Novel and selective synthetic approaches toward indole derivatives via copper-catalyzed one-pot multicomponent cascade reactions of 1-bromo-2-(2,2-dibromovinyl)­benzenes with aldehydes and aqueous ammonia are presented. Intriguingly, the concentration of ammonia, the molar ratio of reagents, and the structural features of the aldehyde substrate serve as key factors in controlling the selective formation of 3-cyano-1<i>H</i>-indoles, 9<i>H</i>-pyrimido­[4,5-<i>b</i>]­indoles, or 9<i>H</i>-pyrido­[2,3-<i>b</i>]­indoles. Compared with literature procedures, the synthetic approaches reported herein have advantages such as readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, and divergent reaction patterns toward different products with easily tunable selectivity

Correlation Between the Computed Tomography and 3D Scanning System-Based Periorbital Morphology of Children with Congenital Microphthalmia

This article aimed to explore the correlation between the periorbital morphology determined using a 3D scanning system and CT in congenital microphthalmia. Fifty-two children with microphthalmia aged 0–6 were enrolled in this study. All the participants were subjected to orbital CT scans and 3D scanning. The CT and 3D scanning images were separately processed to obtain the orbital and facial parameters. Multivariate regression was used to analyze the correlation between 3D parameters and orbital volume. The orbital volume of the affected side (15.25 ± 3.35 cm3) was generally smaller than the unaffected side (18.58 ± 2.65 cm3, p 2 = 0.808, p  The retarded orbital volume could be estimated by the parameters based on 3D scanning, along with axial length. In the follow-up stage, 3D scanning can be a novel alternative method to assess the degree of orbital growth retardation in congenital microphthalmia.</p

Correlation between microbiota and flavor components in the douchi fermentation process, evaluated with the O2PLS method.

(a) VIP(pred) plot of the microbiota correlated strongly with flavor components (VIP(pred) > 1.0). (b) Network of correlations between microbiota and flavor components during douchi fermentation. The left-side circle represents genera (|p| > 0.7); the right-side circle denotes flavor components; red line between microbiota and flavor components indicates positive correlation (p > 0.7); and blue line shows negative correlation (p < −0.7). (c) The details of the microbiota and the flavor components.</p