Strong Spatial and Spectral Localization of Surface Plasmons in Individual Randomly Disordered Gold Nanosponges

Porous nanosponges, percolated with a three-dimensional network of 10 nm sized ligaments, recently emerged as promising substrates for plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy and (photo)­catalysis. Experimental and theoretical work suggests surface plasmon localization in some hot-spot modes as the physical origin of their unusual optical properties, but so far the existence of such hot-spots has not been proven. Here we use scattering-type scanning near-field nanospectroscopy on individual gold nanosponges to reveal spatially and spectrally confined modes at 10 nm scale by recording local near-field scattering spectra. High quality factors of individual hot-spots of more than 40 are demonstrated, predicting high Purcell factors up to 10⁶. The observed field localization and enhancement make such nanosponges an appealing platform for a variety of applications ranging from nonlinear optics to strong-coupling physics

Pooled and individual prevalence of type A and H9 subtype AIV.

<p>AIV, avian influenza virus; LBM, live bird market.</p>a<p>prevalence estimated by Ausvet pooled prevalence calculator.</p><p>Pooled and individual prevalence of type A and H9 subtype AIV.</p

Pooled and individual prevalence and prevalence ratio of type A AIV for different poultry species.

<p>AIV, avian influenza virus;</p><p>*Individual Prevalence of partridge can’t be calculated by the Ausvet pooled prevalence calculator.</p>a<p>prevalence was estimated by Ausvet pooled prevalence calculator.</p>b<p><i>p</i><0.01.</p>c<p>PR was calculated based on individual prevalence.</p><p>Pooled and individual prevalence and prevalence ratio of type A AIV for different poultry species.</p

Population prevalence of type A and H9 subtype AIV.

<p>AIV, avian influenza virus; LBM, live bird market.</p><p>*Prevalence at flock level.</p><p>Population prevalence of type A and H9 subtype AIV.</p

Pooled and individual prevalence and prevalence ratio of H9 subtype virus for different poultry species.

a<p>Prevalence was estimated by Ausvet pooled prevalence calculator.</p>b<p><i>p</i><0.01.</p>c<p>PR was calculated based on individual prevalence.</p><p>Pooled and individual prevalence and prevalence ratio of H9 subtype virus for different poultry species.</p