Scalable and High-Performance Radiative Cooling Fabrics through an Electrospinning Method

Reduction in human body temperature under hot conditions is a subject of extensive research. Radiative cooling fabrics have attracted considerable attention because the material reduces body temperature without any energy input, saving both energy and the environment. Researchers have been exploring effective and scalable preparation methods for radiative cooling fabrics. Herein, we employed the electrospinning method to prepare a radiative cooling fabric comprising the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) nanofiber and SiO2 nanoparticles. The fabric had a reflectivity exceeding 0.97 in the solar band and an emissivity of over 0.94 within the atmospheric window. The material achieved a radiative cooling effect of 15.9 °C under direct sunlight using a testing device built in-house. The method is simple and scalable and uses abundant and inexpensive raw materials; the technique can help promote the widespread adoption of radiative cooling fabrics

INFLUENCE OF WEIGHT TRAINING ON LOWER LIMB STRENGTH IN SOCCER PLAYERS

ABSTRACT Introduction Soccer games are of long duration and more confrontational; in the second half of the game, many players have a decline in their physical level, leading to loss of matches. Objective To explore the effect of weight training on lower limb fitness in soccer players. Methods 60 athletes were included as subjects and randomly divided into control group, weight training group, and traditional physical fitness training group. All athletes trained for 45 minutes 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Before and after training, lower limb strength and proprioception were evaluated, and the strength of the knee flexor and extensor group was assessed by isokinetic muscle tester. Results Both weight training and traditional physical training were able to improve the vertical jump performance of young soccer players, the training effects of both groups were equivalent. Conclusion Weight training has the same enhancing effect as traditional physical training in terms of strength and explosive power, promoting athletic performance in youth soccer players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.</div

INFLUENCE OF STRENGTH TRAINING ON THE EXPLOSIVE POWER OF LOWER LIMBS OF SOCCER PLAYERS

ABSTRACT Introduction The explosive power of the lower limbs is an indispensable index in soccer. Having a good level of explosive power establishes a solid foundation for the performance and the competitive level of soccer players. Objective Promote the conditions to improve the explosive level of soccer players and improve their performance and competitive level. Methods This paper presents the influence of compound strength training on the explosive power of the lower limbs of soccer athletes. Based on 27 young 9-year-old soccer players from Zai Ming Football Club of a sports college as experimental material, the composite training was carried out. Results The growth rates of these rates in the experimental group were 3.3%, 2.3%, 5.0%, 3.6%, 9.2%, 12.1%, 20.5%, 5.7%, 11.9%, 16.9% and 19.5% respectively, while those in the control group were 1.2%, 0.7%, 4.2%, 3.1%, 6.8%, 7.8%, 5.1%, 4.2%, 4.8%, 12.5% and 19.2% respectively. The growth rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group and the blank control group. Conclusion Compared with the control group and the neutral control group, the experimental group with compound training has a better training effect on improving the lower limb explosiveness of youth soccer players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.</div

In Situ Formation of SiO₂ Nanospheres on Common Fabrics for Broadband Radiative Cooling

Radiative cooling materials are attracting more and more attention because of their intrinsic advantages in energy saving and environmental protection, especially radiative cooling fabrics. In this paper, we used tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the silicon source and prepared radiative cooling fabrics by in situ synthesizing SiO2 microspheres on polyester cloth. The in situ formation of SiO2 microspheres results in strong bonding with polyester fibers, solving the problem of powder peeling. The fabrics we prepared have a high emissivity of more than 95% in the midinfrared band and a relatively high reflectivity of ∼70% in the visible–near infrared band and can realize effective radiative cooling. The cooling effect would vary with the amount of TEOS added, and the sample with the optimal performance could achieve a maximal temperature drop of 11.2 °C under direct sunlight (10:00 a.m. to 16:00 p.m.) when compared with the surrounding environment. Such cooling fabrics can be made from commonly used fabrics on a large area, suggesting their potential use in fields such as outdoor cooling clothing and refrigerated shipments and thus opened up a way for the preparation and application of radiative cooling fabrics

Data_Sheet_1_Analysis of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase activity in thermophilic fungi by high-performance liquid chromatography–refractive index detector.docx

IntroductionMost current methods for analysing the activity of LPMO are based on the quantification of H2O2, a side product of LPMO; however, these methods cannot assay the LPMO activity of thermophilic fungi because of the low thermostability of H2O2. Therefore, we present a high-performance liquid chromatography–refractive index detector (HPLC-RID) method to assay the LPMO activity of the thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus.ResultsAccording to the established method, the specific activities of nTaAA9A C1 and C4 oxidation were successfully analysed and were 0.646 and 0.574 U/mg, respectively. By using these methods, we analyzed the C1 and C4 oxidation activities of the recombinant TaAA9A (rTaAA9A) and mutated rTaAA9A (Y24A, F43A, and Y212A) expressed in Pichia pastoris. The specific activities of rTaAA9A C1 and C4 oxidation were 0.155 and 0.153 U/mg, respectively. The specific activities of Y24A, F43A, and Y212A C1 and C4 oxidation were 0.128 and 0.125 U/mg, 0.194 and 0.192 U/mg, and 0.097 and 0.146 U/mg, respectively.DiscussionIn conclusion, the method can assay the LPMO activity of thermophilic fungi and directly target C1 and C4 oxidation, which provides an effective activity assay method for LPMOs of thermophilic fungi.</p

Kinetic Resolution of Racemic 2,3-Allenoates by Organocatalytic Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

The kinetic resolution of racemic 2,3-allenoates was realized via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition by using a bisphosphoric acid catalyst, affording the optically active 2,3-allenoates and 3-methylenepyrrolidine derivatives in high yields and enantioselectivities

The Structure of Adsorbed Species on Immobilized Amines in CO₂ Capture: An in Situ IR Study

The nature and structure of adsorbed CO₂ on immobilized amine sorbent in the presence and absence of H₂O vapor have been studied by in situ infrared spectroscopy. CO₂ adsorbed on the primary amine as ammonium carbamate and on the secondary amine as carbamic acid. Adsorbed H₂O mainly on secondary amine enhanced CO₂ capture capacity by increasing accessibility of amine sites and promoting the formation of carbamic acid. The binding strength of the adsorbed species increased in the order: carbamic acid < adsorbed H₂O < paired carbamic acid; ammonium carbamate < ammonium chloride. Flowing argon over the amine sorbent at 50 °C removed weakly adsorbed H₂O and carbamic acid from the secondary amine sites. Raising temperature is required to completely regenerate sorbent by removing strongly adsorbed ammonium carbamate from the primary amine sites and paired carbamic acid. The results of this study clarify the role of H₂O vapor in amine-sorbents for CO₂ capture and provide a molecular basis for the design of the sorbents and operation of amine-based CO₂ capture processes

Vertical Graphene Nanosheets on Porous Microsilicon Particles for Anodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Silicon is receiving significant attention among different anode materials for Li-ion batteries due to its superhigh theoretical energy density. However, the commercial application of Si anode is facing huge obstacles because of the inferior electrical conductivity, the pulverization arising from the volume change, and the high cost of nanosilicon. Herein, we demonstrate a facile method to achieve excellent performance by in situ growing vertical graphene shell on microsilicon. The vertical graphene nanosheets can be conformally grown on porous microsilicon particles embedded with nanosilver particles to form the graphene-encapsulated porous Si@Ag particles (VG-PMSi@Ag). The unique structure integrates high conductivity and flexibility, which accelerate the charge transport and accommodate the volume change of silicon during the cycling process. As a result, the batteries exhibit a high initial discharge capacity of 3121.6 mAh·g–1 at 0.1 A·g–1 and a high rate capability of 943.8 mAh·g–1 at 6 A·g–1. A high reversible capacity of 1403.9 mAh·g–1 at 2.0 A·g–1 after 100 cycles is achieved. This approach offers insights into the fabrication of silicon anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Stability, Mechanical Properties and Anisotropic Elastic Properties of GaxMgy Compounds

The stability, mechanical properties and anisotropic properties of sound velocities of Ga2Mg5, GaMg2, GaMg, O-Ga2Mg, H-Ga2Mg and Ga5Mg2 are investigated systematically by the first-principles calculation. The cohesive energy and formation enthalpy are obtained and used to estimate the stability of the Ga-Mg binary compounds. GaMg compound is the most stable and has the lowest formation enthalpy as -0.162eV/atom of those GaxMgy compounds. The elastic constants of single crystal, hardness, bulk, shear, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the polycrystalline crystal are obtained and used to estimate the mechanical properties. Ga5Mg2 and H-Ga2Mg have the lager bulk, shear and Young’s modulus and corresponding B/G is low. H-Ga2Mg is harder than the other compounds from the results of Poisson’s ratio. The anisotropic mechanical properties are discussed using the anisotropic index, two-dimensional planar projections on different planes of the bulk and Young's modulus. The Young's modulus of H-Ga2Mg shows the strongly anisotropy of mechanical properties and GaMg2 has the weakest anisotropy among all the compounds.</div

Kinetic Resolution of Racemic 2,3-Allenoates by Organocatalytic Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

The kinetic resolution of racemic 2,3-allenoates was realized via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition by using a bisphosphoric acid catalyst, affording the optically active 2,3-allenoates and 3-methylenepyrrolidine derivatives in high yields and enantioselectivities