Transforming Carbon Nanotubes to Few-Layer Graphene with the Assistance of Encapsulated Ferrocene

Is it possible to form few-layer graphene by direct merging single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), which are generally regarded as rolled single-layered graphene? In this study, we reported the structure transformation of SWNTs to few-layer graphene assisted by the encapsulated ferrocene molecules. High resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging and Raman spectra revealed that the transformation is quite sensitive to the diameters of the host SWNTs and also the annealing temperature. The encapsulated ferrocene molecules played a key role during the transformation

Thermal properties of concrete.

Thermal properties of concrete.</p

Δ<i>T</i>_<i>max</i>/<i>T</i>_∞ against <i>Q</i>* for various bifurcation angles.

ΔTmax/T∞ against Q* for various bifurcation angles.</p

The values of fitting coefficients <i>γ</i>′ and <i>η</i>′.

The values of fitting coefficients γ′ and η′.</p

Temperature contours for various HRR at bifurcation angle of 45° (top view).

Temperature contours for various HRR at bifurcation angle of 45° (top view).</p

The fitting coefficients of <i>γ</i>′ and <i>η</i>′ against dimensionless heat release rate <i>Q</i>*.

The fitting coefficients of γ′ and η′ against dimensionless heat release rate Q*.</p

Temperature contours for various bifurcation angles at HRR of 20 MW (top view).

Temperature contours for various bifurcation angles at HRR of 20 MW (top view).</p

Dimensionless temperature rise (Δ<i>T</i>_r/Δ<i>T</i>_<i>op</i>) against new dimensionless distance (<i>αr</i>/<i>H</i>) along longitudinal direction of branch tunnel for various HRRs.

Dimensionless temperature rise (ΔTr/ΔTop) against new dimensionless distance (αr/H) along longitudinal direction of branch tunnel for various HRRs.</p

Velocity contours for various bifurcation angles at HRR of 20 MW (top view).

Velocity contours for various bifurcation angles at HRR of 20 MW (top view).</p

Δ<i>T</i>_<i>max</i> obtained by simulations and calculated by models.

ΔTmax obtained by simulations and calculated by models.</p