Table1_Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Boron Nitride Nanotubes by Encapsulation of Nickel Wire Toward O2 Activation and CO Oxidation: A Theoretical Study.DOCX

Perfect boron nitride (BN) nanotubes are chemically inert, and hardly considered as catalysts. Nevertheless, metal wire encapsulated BN nanotubes show extraordinarily high chemical activity. We report nickel (Ni) nanowire encapsulated BN(8.0) and BN(9.0) nanotubes toward O2 activation and CO oxidization on the basis of first-principles calculations. Our results suggest that Ni wire encapsulated BN(8.0) and BN(9.0) nanotubes can easily adsorb and activate O2 molecules to form peroxo or superoxo species exothermically. Meanwhile, superoxo species are ready to react with CO molecules forming OCOO intermediate state and finally yielding CO2 molecules. Meanwhile, the rate-limiting step barrier is only 0.637 eV, implying excellent performance for CO oxidation on Ni nanowire encapsulated BN nanotubes. Furthermore, encapsulation of nickel wire improves the catalytic activity of BN nanotubes by facilitating electron transfer from Ni wire to BN nanotubes, which facilitates the adsorption of highly electronegative O2 molecules and subsequent CO oxidation. This study provides a practical and efficient strategy for activating O2 on a metal encapsulated BN nanotube toward CO oxidation.</p

DataSheet1_Effects of exercise of different intensities on withdrawal symptoms among people with substance use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.docx

Background: Exercise can effectively attenuate withdrawal symptoms and reduce relapse, but it is unknown whether exercise of different intensities produces different results. This study aimed to systematically review the effects of different exercise intensities on withdrawal symptoms among people with substance use disorder (SUD).Methods: Systematic searches for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on exercise, SUD, and abstinence symptoms were conducted via electronic databases, including PubMed, up to June 2022. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0) for assessment of risk of bias in randomized trials. The meta-analysis was performed by calculating the standard mean difference (SMD) in outcomes of interventions involving light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise for each individual study using Review Manager version 5.3 (RevMan 5.3).Results: In total, 22 RCTs (n = 1,537) were included. Overall, exercise interventions had significant effects on withdrawal symptoms, but the effect size varied with exercise intensity and by outcome measure (i.e., for different negative emotions). Light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise reduced cravings after the intervention [SMD = −0.71, 95% CI = (−0.90, −0.52)], and there were no statistical differences between the subgroups (p > 0.05). Light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise reduced depression after the intervention [light, SMD = −0.33, 95% CI = (−0.57, −0.09); moderate, SMD = −0.64, 95% CI = (−0.85, −0.42); high, SMD = −0.25, 95% CI = (−0.44, −0.05)], with moderate-intensity exercise producing the best effect (p 0.05). Moderate- and high-intensity exercise decreased withdrawal syndrome after the intervention [moderate, SMD = −0.30, 95% CI = (−0.55, −0.05); high, SMD = −1.33, 95% CI = (−1.90, −0.76)], with high-intensity exercise producing the best effects (p Conclusion: Overall, exercise leads to improvements in withdrawal symptoms in individuals with SUD, but these effects vary significantly between the exercise of different intensities and according to the type of withdrawal symptoms. Moderate-intensity exercise has the greatest benefits in improving depression and anxiety; high-intensity exercise has the greatest benefits in improving withdrawal syndrome.Systematic Review Registration:www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier, CRD42022343791</p

Structurally Characterized Cationic Silver(I) and Ruthenium(II) Carbene Complexes of 1,2,3-Triazol-5-ylidenes

A novel 1,3,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolium salt was found to function as an effective precursor for the synthesis of the first structurally characterized cationic silver(I) and ruthenium(II) carbene complexes of overall 1:2 ligand-to-metal stoichiometry. The Ag(I) complex crystallized in the form of an eight silver atom containing cluster, whereas the Ru(II) complex proved to be a discrete species and was found to be capable of initiating the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene upon activation with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane

Exercise reverses the synapse loss during aging.

<p><b>(A-B)</b> Representative positive immunofluorescence staining of synaptophysin in the cortex (A) and hippocampus (B) in four groups. <b>(C-D)</b> Summary of the mean fluorescence density in the cortex (C) and hippocampus (D) in four groups. Values are mean and standard error of the mean, n = 5 in each group. ** P< 0.01 vs. YC, ^#P< 0.05 vs. O-SED, ^& P< 0.05 vs. O-LEX. Bar = 100 μm.</p

Exercise regulated the expressions and activities of Rho GTPases in the cortex and hippocampus in aging rats.

<p><b>(A)</b> Positive and negative controls of Rho GTPasee in pull down assays. <b>(B)</b> Effects of exercise on the expressions and activities of RhoA. <b>(a-b)</b> Immunoreactive bands corresponding to RhoA active and total protein and GAPDH in the cortex (a) and the hippocampus (b). <b>(c-d)</b> Summarized data of RhoA total protein levels (c, as a ratio to GAPDH) and activities (d, as a ratio to total protein) in the cortex and the hippocampus. n = 5 in each group. <b>(C)</b> Effects of exercise on the expressions and activities of Rac1. <b>(a-b)</b> Immunoreactive bands corresponding to Rac1 active and total protein and GAPDH in the cortex (a) and the hippocampus (b). <b>(c-d)</b> Summarized data of Rac1 total protein levels (c, as a ratio to GAPDH) and activities (d, as a ratio to total protein) in the cortex and the hippocampus. n = 5 in each group. <b>(D)</b> Effects of exercise on the expressions and activities of Cdc42. <b>(a-b)</b> Immunoreactive bands corresponding to Cdc42 active and total protein and GAPDH in the cortex (a) and the hippocampus (b). <b>(c-d)</b> Summarized data of Cdc42 total protein levels (c, as a ratio to GAPDH) and activities (d, as a ratio to total protein) in the cortex and the hippocampus. Values are mean and standard error of the mean, n = 5 in each group. *P< 0.05 vs YC, **P< 0.01 vs YC, ^#P< 0.05 vs O-SED, ^##P< 0.01 vs. O-SED, ^### P< 0.001 vs. O-SED, ^&P< 0.05 vs. O-LEX, ^&&P < 0.01 vs. O-LEX.</p

Exercise decreased the increased expression of cofilin in the cortex during aging.

<p><b>(A-B)</b> Immunoreactive bands corresponding to cofilin and GAPDH in the cortex (A) and hippocampus (B). <b>(C-D)</b> Summarized data of cofilin protein levels (as a ratio to GAPDH) in the cortex (C) and hippocampus (D). Values are mean and standard error of the mean, n = 5 in each group. ** P< 0.01 vs. YC, ^## P< 0.01 vs. O-SED.</p

A Pyrrolyl-Based Triazolophane: A Macrocyclic Receptor With CH and NH Donor Groups That Exhibits a Preference for Pyrophosphate Anions

A pyrrolyl-based triazolophane, incorporating CH and NH donor groups, acts as a receptor for the pyrophosphate anion in chloroform solution. It shows selectivity for this trianion, followed by HSO4− > H2PO4− > Cl− > Br− (all as the corresponding tetrabutylammonium salts), with NH−anion interactions being more important than CH−anion interactions. In the solid state, the receptor binds the pyrophosphate anion in a clip-like slot via NH and CH hydrogen bonds

A Pyrrolyl-Based Triazolophane: A Macrocyclic Receptor With CH and NH Donor Groups That Exhibits a Preference for Pyrophosphate Anions

A pyrrolyl-based triazolophane, incorporating CH and NH donor groups, acts as a receptor for the pyrophosphate anion in chloroform solution. It shows selectivity for this trianion, followed by HSO4− > H2PO4− > Cl− > Br− (all as the corresponding tetrabutylammonium salts), with NH−anion interactions being more important than CH−anion interactions. In the solid state, the receptor binds the pyrophosphate anion in a clip-like slot via NH and CH hydrogen bonds

A Pyrrolyl-Based Triazolophane: A Macrocyclic Receptor With CH and NH Donor Groups That Exhibits a Preference for Pyrophosphate Anions

A pyrrolyl-based triazolophane, incorporating CH and NH donor groups, acts as a receptor for the pyrophosphate anion in chloroform solution. It shows selectivity for this trianion, followed by HSO4− > H2PO4− > Cl− > Br− (all as the corresponding tetrabutylammonium salts), with NH−anion interactions being more important than CH−anion interactions. In the solid state, the receptor binds the pyrophosphate anion in a clip-like slot via NH and CH hydrogen bonds

Fabrication of Ultrathin Two-Dimensional/Two-Dimensional MoS₂/ZnIn₂S₄ Hybrid Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Ultrathin (ut) two-dimensional (2D) ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) nanosheets have exhibited great potential in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Herein, ultrathin 2D/2D MoS2/ZnIn2S4 (ut-MoS2/ZIS) were designed and prepared via two steps of the in situ hydro/solvothermal method. Benefiting from the ultrathin structure and the large and intimate contact between ut-ZIS and MoS2, the charge transfer was increased and the recombination of photogenerated carriers was suppressed. It is also noteworthy that 4 wt % ut-MoS2/ZIS gave the highest hydrogen evolution rate of 221.71 μmol h–1under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm), and the apparent quantum yield was measured to be 11.8% at 420 nm. Meanwhile, ut-MoS2/ZIS showed high stability after 16 h of irradiation. PL, TRPL spectrum, and photoelectrochemical measurement demonstrated that MoS2 cocatalyst playeds a vitally important role in the separation of charge carriers and proton reduction reaction. This work is expected to inspire the design and development of highly efficient ultrathin photocatalysts