Risk factors for PVR after RD surgery.

BackgroundTo comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until May 22, 2023. Risk factors included demographic and disease-related risk factors. Odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) were used as the effect sizes, and shown with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was conducted. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022378652).ResultsTwenty-two studies of 13,875 subjects were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Increased age was associated with a higher risk of postoperative PVR (pooled WMD = 3.98, 95%CI: 0.21, 7.75, P = 0.038). Smokers had a higher risk of postoperative PVR than non-smokers (pooled OR = 5.07, 95%CI: 2.21–11.61, PP = 0.005). Presence of vitreous hemorrhage was associated with a greater risk of postoperative PVR (pooled OR = 4.12, 95%CI: 1.62, 10.50, P = 0.003). Individuals with aphakia or pseudophakia had an increased risk of postoperative PVR in contrast to those without (pooled OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.95, P = 0.040). The risk of postoperative PVR was higher among patients with macula off versus those with macula on (pooled OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.74, P = 0.002). Extent of RD in patients with postoperative PVR was larger than that in patients without (pooled WMD = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.59, P = 0.036). Patients with postoperative PVR had longer duration of RD symptoms than those without (pooled WMD = 10.36, 95%CI: 2.29, 18.43, P = 0.012).ConclusionAge, smoking, preoperative PVR, vitreous hemorrhage, aphakia or pseudophakia, macula off, extent of RD, and duration of RD symptoms were risk factors for postoperative PVR in patients undergoing RD surgery, which may help better identify high-risk patients, and provide timely interventions.</div

PRISMA 2020 checklist.

BackgroundTo comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until May 22, 2023. Risk factors included demographic and disease-related risk factors. Odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) were used as the effect sizes, and shown with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was conducted. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022378652).ResultsTwenty-two studies of 13,875 subjects were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Increased age was associated with a higher risk of postoperative PVR (pooled WMD = 3.98, 95%CI: 0.21, 7.75, P = 0.038). Smokers had a higher risk of postoperative PVR than non-smokers (pooled OR = 5.07, 95%CI: 2.21–11.61, PP = 0.005). Presence of vitreous hemorrhage was associated with a greater risk of postoperative PVR (pooled OR = 4.12, 95%CI: 1.62, 10.50, P = 0.003). Individuals with aphakia or pseudophakia had an increased risk of postoperative PVR in contrast to those without (pooled OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.95, P = 0.040). The risk of postoperative PVR was higher among patients with macula off versus those with macula on (pooled OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.74, P = 0.002). Extent of RD in patients with postoperative PVR was larger than that in patients without (pooled WMD = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.59, P = 0.036). Patients with postoperative PVR had longer duration of RD symptoms than those without (pooled WMD = 10.36, 95%CI: 2.29, 18.43, P = 0.012).ConclusionAge, smoking, preoperative PVR, vitreous hemorrhage, aphakia or pseudophakia, macula off, extent of RD, and duration of RD symptoms were risk factors for postoperative PVR in patients undergoing RD surgery, which may help better identify high-risk patients, and provide timely interventions.</div

MOESM1 of Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for mixed pulmonary infection diagnosis

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Diagnostic flow chart for mixed pulmonary infection

Forest plot for demographic risk factors in patients without PVR before RD surgery.

(a) sex; (b) age; (c) smoking. PVR, proliferative vitreoretinopathy; RD, retinal detachment; WMD, weighted mean difference; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p

MOESM2 of Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for mixed pulmonary infection diagnosis

Additional file 2: Table S1. Patients for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and conventional laboratory-based diagnostic testing

Basic characteristics of the included studies.

BackgroundTo comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until May 22, 2023. Risk factors included demographic and disease-related risk factors. Odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) were used as the effect sizes, and shown with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was conducted. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022378652).ResultsTwenty-two studies of 13,875 subjects were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Increased age was associated with a higher risk of postoperative PVR (pooled WMD = 3.98, 95%CI: 0.21, 7.75, P = 0.038). Smokers had a higher risk of postoperative PVR than non-smokers (pooled OR = 5.07, 95%CI: 2.21–11.61, PP = 0.005). Presence of vitreous hemorrhage was associated with a greater risk of postoperative PVR (pooled OR = 4.12, 95%CI: 1.62, 10.50, P = 0.003). Individuals with aphakia or pseudophakia had an increased risk of postoperative PVR in contrast to those without (pooled OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.95, P = 0.040). The risk of postoperative PVR was higher among patients with macula off versus those with macula on (pooled OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.74, P = 0.002). Extent of RD in patients with postoperative PVR was larger than that in patients without (pooled WMD = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.59, P = 0.036). Patients with postoperative PVR had longer duration of RD symptoms than those without (pooled WMD = 10.36, 95%CI: 2.29, 18.43, P = 0.012).ConclusionAge, smoking, preoperative PVR, vitreous hemorrhage, aphakia or pseudophakia, macula off, extent of RD, and duration of RD symptoms were risk factors for postoperative PVR in patients undergoing RD surgery, which may help better identify high-risk patients, and provide timely interventions.</div

MOESM3 of Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for mixed pulmonary infection diagnosis

Additional file 3: Table S1. The detail information of cases with mismatched results by next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and conventional testing

Flow chart for study screening.

BackgroundTo comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until May 22, 2023. Risk factors included demographic and disease-related risk factors. Odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) were used as the effect sizes, and shown with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was conducted. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022378652).ResultsTwenty-two studies of 13,875 subjects were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Increased age was associated with a higher risk of postoperative PVR (pooled WMD = 3.98, 95%CI: 0.21, 7.75, P = 0.038). Smokers had a higher risk of postoperative PVR than non-smokers (pooled OR = 5.07, 95%CI: 2.21–11.61, PP = 0.005). Presence of vitreous hemorrhage was associated with a greater risk of postoperative PVR (pooled OR = 4.12, 95%CI: 1.62, 10.50, P = 0.003). Individuals with aphakia or pseudophakia had an increased risk of postoperative PVR in contrast to those without (pooled OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.95, P = 0.040). The risk of postoperative PVR was higher among patients with macula off versus those with macula on (pooled OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.74, P = 0.002). Extent of RD in patients with postoperative PVR was larger than that in patients without (pooled WMD = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.59, P = 0.036). Patients with postoperative PVR had longer duration of RD symptoms than those without (pooled WMD = 10.36, 95%CI: 2.29, 18.43, P = 0.012).ConclusionAge, smoking, preoperative PVR, vitreous hemorrhage, aphakia or pseudophakia, macula off, extent of RD, and duration of RD symptoms were risk factors for postoperative PVR in patients undergoing RD surgery, which may help better identify high-risk patients, and provide timely interventions.</div

Forest plot for disease-related risk factors in patients without PVR before RD surgery.

(a) preoperative PVR; (b) history of uveitis; (c) surgical history; (d) vitreous hemorrhage; (e) aphakia or pseudophakia; (f) macula off; (g) intraocular pressure; (h) extent of RD; (i) retinal breaks; (j) duration of RD symptoms. PVR, proliferative vitreoretinopathy; RD, retinal detachment; WMD, weighted mean difference; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p

Tough, Swelling-Resistant, Self-Healing, and Adhesive Dual-Cross-Linked Hydrogels Based on Polymer–Tannic Acid Multiple Hydrogen Bonds

We demonstrate a facile and universal strategy in the fabrication of dual-cross-linked (DC) single network hydrogels with high toughness, “nonswellability”, rapid self-healing, and versatile adhesiveness based on polymer–tannic acid (TA) multiple hydrogen bonds. Two widely used hydrogels, physically cross-linked poly­(vinyl alcohol) and chemically cross-linked polyacrylamide, have been transformed to TA-based DC hydrogels by dipping the corresponding aerogels into TA solution. The second cross-link via multiple polymer–TA hydrogen bonds effectively suppresses the crack propagation, resulting in both DC gels with high mechanical strength. But these two TA-based DC hydrogels go through different deformation mechanisms during the stretching based on analyzing their stress–strain curves using the Mooney–Rivlin equation. Moreover, these DC hydrogels are swelling-resistant, with strong toughness, good self-recoverability, rapid self-healing, and versatile adhesiveness. This work provides a simple route to fabricate multifunctional DC hydrogels, hopefully promoting their applications as biomedical materials