Effect of healthcare personnel in e-health interventions on glycated haemoglobin in adults with type 2 diabetes - a systematic review

This systematic review shows that providing e-health with tailored HCP feedback to patients with type 2 diabetes, does not have added health benefits when the control group also receives e-health. While all of the included studies had some reduction in HbA1c levels, none of the study groups reach treatment target of HbA1c, less than 7%. Furthermore, there was no clinically relevant impact on blood pressure, low density lipoprotein or weight. The review studies were highly heterogeneous, with different characteristics of participants, interventions and control conditions. There is a need for additional high quality RCTs and subsequently systematic reviews in order to draw firm conclusions about the effect of including HCP in e-health interventions. For policy makers to assess the overall effectiveness of HCP involvement in e-health interventions, future reviews must also address other types of diabetes related outcomes. Furthermore, future primary studies must address the long-term effects of HCP involvement in e-health when it comes to cost-effectiveness and patient utilization

Secure institutions for youth: systematic literature search with categorization

Hovedbudskap: Område for helsetjenester i Folkehelseinstituttet fikk i oppdrag av Barne-, ungdoms- og amiliedirektoratet (Bufdir) å identifisere studier om bruk av lukkede institusjoner i OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) land. Metode Vi utførte en systematisk kunnskapsoppsummering av typen ‘systematisk litteratursøk med sortering’. Vi søkte i august 2020 i ulike samfunnsvitenskapelige databaser etter empirisk litteratur, publisert 2015-2020. Én forsker gikk gjennom identifiserte referanser og vurderte relevans i henhold til inklusjonskriteriene. Det styrende inklusjonskriteriet var at publikasjonen omhandler lukkede institusjoner for barn og unge. Resultater Vi inkluderte 128 studier: 6 kunnskapsoppsummeringer 27 primærstudier om effekt av tiltak 97 primærstudier om barn og unges erfaringer med lukkede institusjoner (2 studier omhandlet både effekt og erfaring med tiltak) De fleste studiene undersøkte effekt av eller barn og unges erfaringer med lukkede institusjoner generelt sett. Kun ca. 30 studier undersøkte effekt av eller erfaringer med spesifikke tiltak eller tilnærminger tatt i bruk i lukkede institusjoner. I dette systematiske litteratursøket med sortering har vi ikke lest publikasjonene i fulltekst og dermed ikke vurdert studienes kvalitet. Vi har kun sortert referansene etter type, basert på sammendragene.Key messages The Division of Health Services in the Norwegian Institute of Public Health was commissioned by the Norwegian Directorate for Children, Youth and Family Affairs to conduct a systematic literature search with categorization of empirical research about the use of secure institutions for children and youth with serious behavioral issues. Methods We conducted a systematic review (of the format ‘systematic literature search with categorization’). In September 2020, we searched in major databases for empirical research published 2015-2020. One of four reviewers screened all retrieved records and considered relevance relative to the inclusion criteria. The main inclusion criterion was that the publication regarded the use of secure institutions for children and youth with behavioral issues. Results We included 128 studies: • 6 literature reviews • 27 studies of effect • 97 studies of children and youth’s experiences with secure institutions (2 studies concerned both effect of and experiences with secure institutions) The absolute majority of studies examined the effect of or youth’s experiences with secure institutions in general. Only about 30 studies examined a particular treatment or approach within secure institutions. In this systematic literature search with categorization we have neither read the studies in full text nor critically evaluated the studies. We have only categorized the references by type, based on the abstracts.publishedVersio

Description and assessment of reviews concerning contact following placemen

Source at https://www.fhi.no/publ/2020/beskrivelse-og-vurdering-av-oversikter-om-samvar-etter-omsorgsovertakelse/Fagmiljø for velferdstjenesteforskning i område for helsetjenester, Folkehelseinstituttet (FHI), fikk i juni 2020 i oppdrag av Barne-, ungdoms- og familiedirektoratet (Bufdir) å vurdere et antall publikasjoner om samvær etter omsorgsovertakelse i regi av barnevernet

Kunnskapsgrunnlaget om effekten av kommunikasjonstrening for voksne med alvorlig utviklingshemming er mangelfullt

Det er ikke nok forskning av god metodisk kvalitet for å si om kommunikasjonstrening bedrer kommunikasjon for voksne med alvorlig utviklingshemming. Det viser en systematisk oversikt fra 2012.publishedVersio

Secure institutions for youth: six synopses

Bakgrunn for oppdraget: I september 2020 leverte Område for helsetjenester, Folkehelseinstituttet (FHI), en kunnskapsoppsummering av typen ‘systematisk litteratursøk med sortering’ til Barne-, ungdoms- og familiedirektoratet (Bufdir), med følgende problemstilling: Hvilke studier fra 2015-2020 finnes angående bruk av lukkede institusjoner for barn og unge som har begått eller står i fare å begå kriminelle handlinger? Søket i databaser og grålitteratur identifiserte til sammen 13.835 referanser, hvorav 128 referanser ble inkludert. Vi sorterte disse referansene i henhold til studiedesign (kunnskapsoppsummering, effektstudie, erfaringsstudie), og presentert dem i tabeller, med referanser som handlet direkte om lukkede institusjoner og referanser som handlet om et spesifikt tiltak eller tilnærming i lukkede institusjoner presentert separat. I tillegg hentet vi ut informasjon om publiseringsår, land og populasjon hvis dette ble oppgitt i tittel eller sammendrag. Etter overlevering av denne enkle oppsummeringen meldte Bufdir at 128 referanser var et høyt antall studier å vurdere, og de ønsket derfor at vi svarte på en mer spisset problemstilling om effekt, delt i følgende to forskningsspørsmål: • Hva er effekten av ungdomsfengsel på risiko for å begå ytterligere kriminelle handlinger? • Hva er effekten av lukkede institusjoner for ungdom på risiko for å begå kriminelle handlinger? I oktober 2020 avtalte vi derfor med Bufdir å besvare disse forskningsspørsmålene ved gjennomgåelser av kunnskapsoppsummeringene vi hadde identifisert i det systematiske litteratursøket med sortering. Vi besluttet å skrive en ‘omtale’ av hver kunnskapsoppsummering. Med omtale mener vi en kort (1-3 sider) beskrivelse og vurdering av resultatene av en eksisterende kunnskapsoppsummering, inkludert opplysninger relevant for norske forhold. Vi starter dette notatet med en diskusjon om utfordringene med å skille mellom ungdomsfengsler og andre lukkede institusjoner, en kort oppsummering av omtalene, en kort diskusjon om implikasjoner for forskning, og til slutt presenteres omtalene selv.publishedVersio

Description and assessment of reviews concerning contact following placemen

publishedVersio

Bedres kommunikasjon for mennesker med alvorlig traumatisk hjerneskade hvis kommunikasjonspartner får opplæring?

Det er ikke nok forskning av god metodisk kvalitet for å si om kommunikasjonstiltak bedrer kommunikasjon for personer med alvorlig traumatisk hjerneskade (TBI) eller deres kommunikasjonspartnere. Det viser en systematisk oversikt fra 2021.publishedVersio

Kunnskapsgrunnlaget om effekten av kommunikasjonstrening for å bedre livskvalitet for personer med demens er mangelfull

Det er ikke nok forskning av god metodisk kvalitet for å si om kommunikasjonstrening bedrer livskvalitet for personer med demens. Det viser en systematisk oversikt fra 2021.publishedVersio

Research on measures to reduce long-term and frequent workplace sickness absence: An evidence and gap map

Source at https://www.fhi.no/en/publ/2021/Research-on-measures-to-reduce-long-term-and-frequent-workplace-sickness-absence/Sykefraværet blant norske arbeidstakere ligger høyt, sammenlignet med andre land. Den nåværende IA-avtalen (Intensjonsavtale for et mer inkluderende arbeidsliv) har som mål å redusere frafall fra arbeidslivet og redusere sykefraværet i Norge. IA-avtalen er tydelig på at langtidssykmelding er en viktig årsak til frafall fra arbeidslivet og mer varige helserelaterte trygdeytelser. Arbeids- og velferdsdirektoratets forsknings- og utviklingsprogram under IA-avtalen definerer langvarig og/eller hyppig gjentakende sykefravær som lengre enn åtte uker. I Norge fins det en rekke innsatser for å redusere risikoen for langvarige og/eller hyppige gjentakende sykefravær, og dermed risiko for frafall fra arbeidslivet, slik som dialogmøter, tjenestesamhandling mellom helsetjenesten og NAV (Helse|Arbeid), arbeidsrettede rehabiliteringstiltak og delvis/gradert sykmelding. Hensikten med denne kartleggingen, som presenteres i et forskningskart, er å få en oversikt over forskningen om tiltak mot langvarige og/eller hyppige gjentakende sykefravær, danne et bilde av risiko for skjevheter i forskningen, samt å avdekke på hvilke områder forskningen er mangelfull

Research on measures to reduce long-term and frequent workplace sickness absence: An evidence and gap map

Background Sick leave among Norwegian workers is somewhat high, relative to other countries. The current letter of intent regarding a more inclusive working life (‘IA-avtalen’) aims to reduce the number of people in Norway who are outside the labour force and who have sickness absence. The IA-agreement stresses that long-term sick leave is one main reason for people drifting out of the labour force and into longstanding health-related welfare benefits. The Directorate of Labor and Welfare's research and development program related to the IA-agreement defines long-term and/or frequent sickness absence as eight weeks and longer. In Norway, there are a number of initiatives to reduce the risk of long-term and/or frequent sickness absence, and thus the risk of drifting out of the labour force, such as dialogue meetings, Health|Work, work-oriented rehabilitation measures and partial/graded sick leave. Objective The purpose of this literature review, which is presented in an evidence and gap map, was to get an overview of the research about measures to reduce the rate of long-term and/or frequent sickness absence, get an impression of the extent of risk of bias in the research, and to uncover potential gaps in research. Method We conducted an evidence and gap map. The research team and the commissioner (the Directorate of Labor and Welfare) clarified the research question, as well as searches and delimiters with regard to inclusion criteria prior to conducting the review. We conducted systematic literature searches for any empirical study (all study designs) that aimed to describe the effect of measures to reduce long-term (≥8 consecutive weeks) and/or frequent recurring (≥8 weeks in total) sick leave. The studies had to be published in 2001 or later, and be from Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Iceland, Finland, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Germany or Australia. Studies from Germany and Australia were to be placed on a separate list without data extraction. The studies had to report outcomes related to return to work or use of social security benefits and graded sick leave. Two researchers, working in pairs and independently of each other, assessed titles and abstracts against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We reviewed the full texts of the included publications and coded them in the data extraction tool EPPI Reviewer, using a predetermined framework. The coding of the studies was performed by one researcher and controlled by another researcher. Two researchers performed independent assessments of the methodological quality of the included studies. We present the research in this report also as an interactive web-based evidence and gap map. Results The systematic literature searches resulted in 10,638 unique references. Of these, we identified 98 relevant publications (plus 11 from Germany, which we placed in a separate list, as per the protocol). The research questions addressed were: 78 publications on the effect of measures to reduce long-term and/or frequent sickness absence (some also examined cost-effectiveness), five on cost-effectiveness, three on experiences with a measure, five on implementation and seven publications on predictors for return to work. About half of the publications described the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) (48%), but there were also many other study designs represented, including ten registry-based studies, five systematic reviews, and three qualitative studies. Overall, the studies’ methodological quality was quite good, with only 22% of the studies assessed as having low methodological quality. Among the RCTs, 22% had low methodological quality and 48% had moderate, while among the controlled before-after studies, 11% had high methodological quality and the remaining eight (89%) had low methodological quality. All of the registry-based studied had moderate methodological quality and all the cohort studies had high methodological quality. The three qualitative studies had high, uncertain and low methodological quality. Most of the studies were from Sweden (34%), Norway (23%), and the Netherlands (19%). We included no studies from Iceland, only one study from Great Britain and two studies from Finland. Almost all studies examined interventions with both men and women who were on long-term sickness absence (that is, there were few or no studies with only men or only women or frequent workplace sickness absence). The studies had mostly study participants with a mix of diagnoses (41%) or a muscoloskeletal disorder (34%). With respect to the interventions, the most frequently mentioned intervention was work-related measures (46 studies) followed by measures given by the Norwegian Labour and Welfare administration (NAV). Six studies concerned part-time sickness absence. Follow up was generally administered by more than one party or another office than NAV, those providing the sickness note or employer (78%). The interactive online gap map is available here: https://www.nornesk.no/forskningskart-sykefravaer/tiltak-redusere-sykefravaer.html Discussion There was an increase in the number of publications since 2001, with one third of the 109 included publications being published in the years 2017-2021. Given the wide scope of the evidence and gap map, the objectives of the studies were similarly wide, covering questions of effect, cost effectiveness, experiences, implementation, and predictors or return to work. Yet, the majority of the publications concerned effect of interventions (80%). Overall, the studies had rather good methodological quality, with only 22% of the studies assessed as having low methodological quality. The majority of the studies were from Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands and almost all had both male and female study participants with long-term workplace sickness absence. There may be a need for additional research on experiences with- and implementation of measures; part-time sickness absence and policy changes; measures for specific age groups, specific diagnoses, employees with frequent workplace sickness absences, and for women with pregnancy-related health problems. Conclusion Over the last twenty years, there has been a slew of methodologically well conducted studies addressing a wide range of objectives on measures to reduce the rate of long-term and/or frequent sickness absence. Given this is an evidence and gap map, we have not synthesized the results from the studies. However, we identified some possible needs for further research, such as research on part-time sick leave and for employees with frequent sickness absences.publishedVersio