Syntheses, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Four New Layered Transition-Metal Hydroxyl−Carboxylate−Phosphonates: [M(CH(OH)(CO₂)(PO₃H))(H₂O)₂] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn)

Four new layered transition-metal hydroxyl−carboxylate−phosphonates, [M(CH(OH)(CO2)(PO3H))(H2O)2] (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Zn (4)), have been successfully hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as with elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurement. These isomorphous compounds crystalline in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 5.678(2)−5.800(2) Å, b = 15.469(6)−15.664(5) Å, c = 7.846(3)−7.911(2) Å, β = 109.287(4)−110.332(3)°, V = 649.5(4)−676.5(4) Å3, and Z = 4. In these compounds, transition-metal [MO6] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) octahedra and [PCO3] tetrahedra are connected to each other through corners into an infinite wriggled chain. Carboxylate and hydroxyl groups interlace the chain to form an organic−inorganic hybrid layered structure. The results of magnetic measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions of M(II) ions (M = Mn, Fe, Co) in compounds 1−3, respectively

Syntheses, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Four New Layered Transition-Metal Hydroxyl−Carboxylate−Phosphonates: [M(CH(OH)(CO₂)(PO₃H))(H₂O)₂] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn)

Four new layered transition-metal hydroxyl−carboxylate−phosphonates, [M(CH(OH)(CO2)(PO3H))(H2O)2] (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Zn (4)), have been successfully hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as with elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurement. These isomorphous compounds crystalline in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 5.678(2)−5.800(2) Å, b = 15.469(6)−15.664(5) Å, c = 7.846(3)−7.911(2) Å, β = 109.287(4)−110.332(3)°, V = 649.5(4)−676.5(4) Å3, and Z = 4. In these compounds, transition-metal [MO6] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) octahedra and [PCO3] tetrahedra are connected to each other through corners into an infinite wriggled chain. Carboxylate and hydroxyl groups interlace the chain to form an organic−inorganic hybrid layered structure. The results of magnetic measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions of M(II) ions (M = Mn, Fe, Co) in compounds 1−3, respectively

Syntheses, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Four New Layered Transition-Metal Hydroxyl−Carboxylate−Phosphonates: [M(CH(OH)(CO₂)(PO₃H))(H₂O)₂] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn)

Four new layered transition-metal hydroxyl−carboxylate−phosphonates, [M(CH(OH)(CO2)(PO3H))(H2O)2] (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Zn (4)), have been successfully hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as with elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurement. These isomorphous compounds crystalline in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 5.678(2)−5.800(2) Å, b = 15.469(6)−15.664(5) Å, c = 7.846(3)−7.911(2) Å, β = 109.287(4)−110.332(3)°, V = 649.5(4)−676.5(4) Å3, and Z = 4. In these compounds, transition-metal [MO6] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) octahedra and [PCO3] tetrahedra are connected to each other through corners into an infinite wriggled chain. Carboxylate and hydroxyl groups interlace the chain to form an organic−inorganic hybrid layered structure. The results of magnetic measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions of M(II) ions (M = Mn, Fe, Co) in compounds 1−3, respectively

Syntheses, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Four New Layered Transition-Metal Hydroxyl−Carboxylate−Phosphonates: [M(CH(OH)(CO₂)(PO₃H))(H₂O)₂] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn)

Four new layered transition-metal hydroxyl−carboxylate−phosphonates, [M(CH(OH)(CO2)(PO3H))(H2O)2] (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Zn (4)), have been successfully hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as with elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurement. These isomorphous compounds crystalline in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 5.678(2)−5.800(2) Å, b = 15.469(6)−15.664(5) Å, c = 7.846(3)−7.911(2) Å, β = 109.287(4)−110.332(3)°, V = 649.5(4)−676.5(4) Å3, and Z = 4. In these compounds, transition-metal [MO6] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) octahedra and [PCO3] tetrahedra are connected to each other through corners into an infinite wriggled chain. Carboxylate and hydroxyl groups interlace the chain to form an organic−inorganic hybrid layered structure. The results of magnetic measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions of M(II) ions (M = Mn, Fe, Co) in compounds 1−3, respectively

Syntheses, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Four New Layered Transition-Metal Hydroxyl−Carboxylate−Phosphonates: [M(CH(OH)(CO₂)(PO₃H))(H₂O)₂] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn)

Four new layered transition-metal hydroxyl−carboxylate−phosphonates, [M(CH(OH)(CO2)(PO3H))(H2O)2] (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Zn (4)), have been successfully hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as with elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurement. These isomorphous compounds crystalline in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 5.678(2)−5.800(2) Å, b = 15.469(6)−15.664(5) Å, c = 7.846(3)−7.911(2) Å, β = 109.287(4)−110.332(3)°, V = 649.5(4)−676.5(4) Å3, and Z = 4. In these compounds, transition-metal [MO6] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) octahedra and [PCO3] tetrahedra are connected to each other through corners into an infinite wriggled chain. Carboxylate and hydroxyl groups interlace the chain to form an organic−inorganic hybrid layered structure. The results of magnetic measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions of M(II) ions (M = Mn, Fe, Co) in compounds 1−3, respectively

Syntheses, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Four New Layered Transition-Metal Hydroxyl−Carboxylate−Phosphonates: [M(CH(OH)(CO₂)(PO₃H))(H₂O)₂] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn)

Four new layered transition-metal hydroxyl−carboxylate−phosphonates, [M(CH(OH)(CO2)(PO3H))(H2O)2] (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3), Zn (4)), have been successfully hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as with elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurement. These isomorphous compounds crystalline in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 5.678(2)−5.800(2) Å, b = 15.469(6)−15.664(5) Å, c = 7.846(3)−7.911(2) Å, β = 109.287(4)−110.332(3)°, V = 649.5(4)−676.5(4) Å3, and Z = 4. In these compounds, transition-metal [MO6] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) octahedra and [PCO3] tetrahedra are connected to each other through corners into an infinite wriggled chain. Carboxylate and hydroxyl groups interlace the chain to form an organic−inorganic hybrid layered structure. The results of magnetic measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions of M(II) ions (M = Mn, Fe, Co) in compounds 1−3, respectively

High Electrochemical Performance Recycling Spent LiFePO₄ Materials through the Preoxidation Regeneration Strategy

Recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries are significant in addressing raw material shortages and environmental issues. LiFePO4 (LFP) has been widely used for its stability and economy. However, considering the production cost of LFP, the traditional metallurgy method is unsuitable for LFP recycling due to its cumbersome nature and high energy consumption. Meanwhile, direct regeneration of LFP is mostly adopted in materials with slightly degraded electrochemical properties. There is no making without breaking. Herein, the preoxidized strategy for regenerating spent LFP (SLFP) is reported. Specifically, by combining the oxidation removal of impurities and the solid-phase method, we have successfully restored SLFP with severely degraded electrical properties. At the same time, the physical and electrochemical properties of preoxidized LFP (RLFP) and directly regenerated LFP are compared. The results show that the SLFP materials are adequately decomposed by preoxidized regeneration technology. The subsequent addition of glucose not only reduced Fe3+ but also enhanced the material’s conductivity as a uniform carbon layer. Then, Ti-doping is applied to improve the ionic conductivity of preoxidation-regenerated LFP material, and the rate performance of RLFP material is improved effectively. Compared with traditional methods, this technique is simple and has better environmental benefits. It provides a new possibility for the recycling of LFP materials

Preoxidation and Prilling Combined with Doping Strategy to Build High-Performance Recycling Spent LiFePO₄ Materials

Direct regeneration has gained much attention in LiFePO4 battery recycling due to its simplicity, ecofriendliness, and cost savings. However, the excess carbon residues from binder decomposition, conductive carbon, and coated carbon in spent LiFePO4 impair electrochemical performance of direct regenerated LiFePO4. Herein, we report a preoxidation and prilling collaborative doping strategy to restore spent LiFePO4 by direct regeneration. The excess carbon is effectively removed by preoxidation. At the same time, prilling not only reduces the size of the primary particles and shortens the diffusion distance of Li+ but also improves the tap density of the regenerated materials. Besides, the Li+ transmission of the regenerated LiFePO4 is further improved by Ti4+ doping. Compared with commercial LiFePO4, it has excellent low-temperature performance. The collaborative strategy provides a new insight into regenerating high-performance spent LiFePO4

Construction of a Preoxidation and Cation Doping Regeneration Strategy to Improve Rate Performance Recycling Spent LiFePO₄ Materials

Efficient recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is significant for solving environmental problems and promoting resource conservation. Economical recycling of LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries is extremely challenging due to the inexpensive production of LFP. Herein, we report a preoxidation combine with cation doping regeneration strategy to regenerate spent LiFePO4 (SLFP) with severely deteriorated. The binder, conductive agent, and residual carbon in SLFP are effectively removed through preoxidation treatment, which lays the foundation for the uniform and stable regeneration of LFP. Mg2+ doping is adopted to promote the diffusion efficiency of lithium ions, reduces the charge-transfer impedance, and further improves the electrochemical performance of the regenerated LFP. The discharge capacity of SLFP with severe deterioration recovers successfully from 43.2 to 136.9 mA h g–1 at 0.5 C. Compared with traditional methods, this technology is simple, economical, and environment-friendly. It provided an efficient way for recycling SLFP materials

The Prilling and Cocoating Collaborative Strategy to Construct High Performance of Regeneration LiFePO₄ Materials

There have been a massive amount of spent LiFePO4 batteries produced in recent years because LiFePO4 is widely used in energy storage and electric vehicles, which need to be recycled urgently. However, considering the manufacturing cost of LiFePO4, traditional metallurgical technology is not economical to recover spent LiFePO4. Moreover, the performance of directly regenerated materials is inferior to that of commercial materials. It hinders the development of recycled cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Herein, spent LiFePO4 with severely degraded is regenerated by preoxidation and prilling combine cocoating strategy. The preoxidation fully decomposed the binder and residual carbon. The subsequent regeneration process synthesized spherical LiFePO4 with carbon and Li3PO4 cocoating layer, whose electrochemical performance is comparable to commercial LiFePO4. This method dramatically improves the rate and low temperature electrochemical performance of the regenerated LiFePO4, which provides a new scheme for the reuse of recycled LFP in lithium-ion batteries