Review of Power System Stability with High Wind Power Penetration

This paper presents an overview of researches on power system stability with high wind power penetration including analyzing methods and improvement approaches. Power system stability issues can be classified diversely according to different considerations. Each classified issue has special analyzing methods and stability improvement approaches. With increasing wind power penetration, system balancing and the reduced inertia may cause a big threaten for stable operation of power systems. To mitigate or eliminate the wind impacts for high wind penetration systems, although the practical and reliable choices currently are the strong outside connections or sufficient reserve capacity constructions, many novel theories and approaches are invented to investigate the stability issues, looking forward to an extra-high penetration or totally renewable resource based power systems. These analyzing methods and stabilization techniques are presented and discussed in this paper

Research of Smart Grid Cyber Architecture and Standards Deployment with High Adaptability for Security Monitoring

Security Monitoring is a critical function for smart grid. As a consequence of strongly relying on communication, cyber security must be guaranteed by the specific system. Otherwise, the DR signals and bidding information can be easily forged or intercepted. Customers’ privacy and safety may suffer huge losses. Although OpenADR specificationsprovide continuous, secure and reliable two-way communications in application level defined in ISO model, which is also an open architecture for security is adopted by it and no specific or proprietary technologies is restricted to OpenADR itself. It is significant to develop a security monitoring system. This paper discussed the cyber architecture of smart grid with high adaptability for security monitoring. An adaptable structure with Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) is proposed. Focusing on this network structure, the rational utilization of standards is investigated to provide a smart grid communication network with better performance and security and avoid the extra investment of an individual security monitoring network

Development of Distributed Simulation Platform for Power Systems and Wind Farms

The study of wind power system strongly relies on simulations in all kinds of methods. In industry, the feasibility and efficiency of wind power projects also will be verified by simulations at first. However, taking time cost and economy into consideration, simulations in large scales often sacrifice model details or computing precision in order to gain acceptable results in higher simulating speed and lower hardware costs. To balance the contradiction of costs and performance, in this paper, a novel distributed simulation platform based on PC network and Matlab is proposed. Compared with other simulation approaches, this platform can improve the speed of simulations in large scales without sacrificing details or precision largely. By means of connected computers and paralleled models, it becomes easier to study further about harmonics, control strategies in current experiment conditions. Through the data interfaces, the platform can import practical data to simulate environment situations, faults and devices, which makes the simulation much more close to reality and forms a test-bed for wind farms and power systems as well. Thus, The platform can connect to certain Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems and Energy Management System (EMS), etc. to realize non-real-time semiphysical simulation for wind farm and power system control researches

Loss Minimizing Operation of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Based Wind Generation Systems Considering Reactive Power Provision

The paper deals with control techniques for minimizing the operating loss of doubly fed induction generator based wind generation systems when providing reactive power. The proposed method achieves its goal through controlling therotor side q-axis current in the synchronous reference frame. The formula for the control reference is explicitly deduced in this paper considering the losses of the generator, the power electronic devices and the filter. Three control strategies are compared with the proposed method under different wind speeds and differentreactive power references. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method

Stochastic Optimal Regulation Service Strategy for a Wind Farm Participating in the Electricity Market

As modern wind farmshave the ability to provideregulation service for the power system, wind power plant operators may be motivated to participate in the regulating market to maximize their profit.In this paper, anoptimal regulation servicestrategy for a wind farm to participate in the regulatingmarket is proposed. The relationship between up regulation price and wind power level,and the relationship between the probability of up regulation and the wind power level are studied. Thestochastic optimizationis adopted to find the optimal ratiofor regulation service. The Monte Carlo method is used in the stochastic optimization to deal with the uncertainty of the up regulation price and the up regulation activation of the power system.The Danish short-term electricity market and a wind farm in western Denmark are chosen to evaluate the effect of the proposed strategy. Simulation results showthe proposed strategy can increase the revenue of wind farms by leavinga certain amount of wind powerfor regulation service

A Novel Energy Yields Calculation Method for Irregular Wind Farm Layout

Due to the increasing size of offshore wind farm, the impact of the wake effect on energy yields become more and more evident. The Seafloor topography would limit the layout of the wind farm so that irregular layout is usually adopted inlarge scale offshore wind farm. However, the calculation for the energy yields in irregular wind farm considering wake effect would be difficult.In this paper, a mathematical model which includes the impacts of the variation of both wind direction and velocityon wake effect is established. Based on the wake model, a binary matrix method is proposed for the energy yields calculation forirregular wind farms.The results show that the proposed wake model is effective in calculating the wind speeddeficit. The calculation framework is applicable for energy yields calculation in irregular wind farms

Optimization of Decommission Strategy for Offshore Wind Farms

The life time of offshore wind farm is around 20 years. After that, the whole farm should be decommissioned which is also one of the main factors that contribute to the high investment. In order to make a costeffective wind farm, a novel optimization method for decommission is addressed in this paper. Instead of abandoning the foundations after the wind farm is running out of its life cycle, the proposed method can make good use of the existing facilities so that the cost of energy (COE) can be reduced. The results show that 12.93% reduction of COE can be realized by using the proposed method

Wind Farm Active Power Dispatch for Output Power Maximizing Based on a Wind Turbine Control Strategy for Load Minimizing

Inclusion of the wake effect in the wind farm control design (WF) can increase the total captured power by wind turbines (WTs), which is usually implemented by derating upwind WTs. However, derating the WT without a proper control strategy will increase the structural loads, caused by operation in stall mode. Therefore, the WT control strategy for derating operation should be considered in the attempt at maximizing the total captured power while reducing structural loads. Moreover, electrical power loss on the transmission system inside a WF is also not negligible for maximizing the total output power of the WF. In this paper, an optimal active power dispatch strategy based on a WT derating strategy and considering the transmission loss is proposed for maximizing the total output power. The active power reference of each WT is chosen as the optimization variable. A partial swarm optimizing algorithm is used for solving the problem. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy