Table_1_Understanding professional development challenges of Chinese public health professionals: association and prediction analyses with data validity screening.XLS

BackgroundLittle is known about the public health professionals engaged in educating and training new or future researchers in public health. Research in this direction identifies their issues, concerns, challenges, and needs. This study focused on the professional development challenges of Chinese public health professionals.MethodsSnowball sampling was utilized. A total of 265 public health professionals participated. An instrument of 6 dimensions (burnout, sleep issue, mood issue, friends’ support, exercise, and challenges) was developed, revised, and administered online. Two different approaches, the conventional and data screening approaches, were applied. The former started with item quality analyses, whereas the latter began with data quality checks. The chi-square tests of associations and logistic regressions were performed on both approaches.Results and discussion19.25% of the participants were detected and deleted as careless respondents. Using both approaches, six professional development challenges except one (“Multidisciplinary learning”) were significantly associated with various demographic features. The two approaches produced different models though they converged sometimes. The latent variables of exercise predicted professional development challenges more frequently than other latent variables. Regarding correct classification rates, results from the data screening approach were comparable to those from the conventional approach.ConclusionThe latent variables of exercise, such as “Exercise effects,” “Expectations of exercise,” and “Belief in exercise,” might be understudied. More research is necessary for professional development challenges using exercise as a multidimensional construct. Based on the current study, screening and deleting careless responses in survey research is necessary.</p

Additional file 1 of Influencing factors of attitudes towards death and demands for death education among community-dwelling Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study

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Electroreduction of Nitrite to Ammonia over a Cobalt Single-Atom Catalyst

Electrochemical nitrite-to-ammonia reduction (NO2RR) holds great promise for converting harmful NO2– into valuable NH3. Herein, we develop Co single atoms dispersed on a C3N4 substrate (Co1/C3N4) as an efficient catalyst toward the NO2RR. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that single-atom Co sites can effectively active NO2– and optimize the formation energy of the key *NOH intermediate to promote the NO2– → NH3 energetics. Remarkably, Co1/C3N4 equipped in a flow cell delivers the exceptional NH3–Faradaic efficiency of 97.9% and NH3 yield rate of 1080.3 μmol h–1cm–2 at an industrial-level current density of 355 mA cm–2, along with a long-term durability of 100 h of electrolysis, showing the considerable potential for practical NH3 electrosynthesis

Impacts of Receiving International Industrial Transfer on China’s Air Quality and Health Exceed Those of Export Trade

Benefiting from international economic cooperation on income, technology diffusion, and employment, China also suffers its environmental and health impacts, from both international trade (IT), as is now widely understood, and international industrial transfer (IIT), which has been largely unrecognized. Here, we develop a comprehensive framework to estimate the impacts of exporting IT and receiving IIT. We find that China’s emissions of CO2 and almost all air pollutants associated with IIT and IT together grew after 1997 but then declined after 2010, with the peak shares of national total emissions ranging 18–31% for different species. These sources further accounted for 3.8% of nationwide PM2.5 concentrations and 94,610 (76,000–112,040) premature deaths in 2012, and the values declined to 2.6% and 67,370 (52,390–81,810), respectively, for 2017. Separated, the contribution of IIT to those impacts was more than twice that of IT. Scenario analyses suggest that improving emission controls in its less-developed regions would effectively reduce the impact of economic globalization, but such a benefit could be largely offset by strengthened international economic cooperation. The outcomes provide a scientific basis for adjusting China’s strategic roles in the international distribution of industrial production and its formulation of relevant environmental policies from a comprehensive perspective

Granzyme B and perforin contribute to plaque development in the descending aorta of apolipoprotein Eknockout mice.

<p>(A) Representative images on the descending aorta from high fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO), granzyme B (GzmB)/ApoE double knockout (DKO) and perforin (Prf1)/ApoE DKO mice stained en face with sudan IV. (B) When plaque area was quantified, GzmB/ApoE DKO mice (n = 22) had significantly reduced plaque area compared to ApoE KO mice (n = 16). Prf1/ApoE DKO mice (n = 14) had significantly less plaque than both the ApoE KO mice and the GzmB/ApoE DKO mice. *<i>P</i><0.05, ***<i>P</i><0.005 (One-way ANOVA with bonferonnipost test). Error bars represent SEM.</p

Plaque area in aortic roots from granzyme B or perforin deficient apolipoprotein E knockout mice.

<p>(A) Representative images of aortic root cross sections from high fat diet-fed wild type (WT), apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO), granzyme B (GzmB)/ApoE double knockout (DKO) and perforin (Prf1)/ApoE DKO mice stained with Movat’spentachrome. Scale bars = 500 µm. No significant difference in the size of plaque was observed in GzmB/ApoE DKO (n = 9) or Prf1/ApoE DKO mice (n = 8) compared to ApoE KO mice (n = 10). (B) Example images of plaques from aortic roots stained with Movat’spentachrome. The same number of animals were used for these measurements as in panel A. Arrows indicate boundaries of the intimal plaque. Scale bars = 100 µm. No significant difference was detected in the ratio of intimal/medial thickness. ns = not significant (One-way ANOVA with bonferronipost test). Error bars represent SEM.</p

FAIMS and Phosphoproteomics of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling: Enhanced Identification of Multiply Phosphorylated Peptides

We have applied liquid chromatography high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry (LC–FAIMS–MS/MS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to the investigation of site-specific phosphorylation in fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling. We have combined a SILAC approach with chemical inhibition by SU5402 (an FGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and dasatinib (a Src family kinase inhibitor). The results show that incorporation of FAIMS within the workflow results in (a) an increase in the relative proportion of phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine sites identified, (b) an increase in phosphopeptide identifications from precursors with charge states ≥ +3 (with an associated increase in peptide length), and (c) an increase in the identification of multiply phosphorylated peptides. Approximately 20% of the phosphorylation sites identified via the FAIMS workflow had not been reported previously, and over 80% of those were from multiply phosphorylated peptides. Moreover, FAIMS provided access to a distinct set of phosphorylation sites regulated in response to SU5402 and dasatinib. The enhanced identification of multiply phosphorylated peptides was particularly striking in the case of sites regulated by SU5402. In addition to providing a compelling example of the complementarity of FAIMS in phosphoproteomics, the results provide a valuable resource of phosphorylation sites for further investigation of FGF signaling and trafficking

FAIMS and Phosphoproteomics of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling: Enhanced Identification of Multiply Phosphorylated Peptides

We have applied liquid chromatography high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry (LC–FAIMS–MS/MS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to the investigation of site-specific phosphorylation in fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling. We have combined a SILAC approach with chemical inhibition by SU5402 (an FGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and dasatinib (a Src family kinase inhibitor). The results show that incorporation of FAIMS within the workflow results in (a) an increase in the relative proportion of phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine sites identified, (b) an increase in phosphopeptide identifications from precursors with charge states ≥ +3 (with an associated increase in peptide length), and (c) an increase in the identification of multiply phosphorylated peptides. Approximately 20% of the phosphorylation sites identified via the FAIMS workflow had not been reported previously, and over 80% of those were from multiply phosphorylated peptides. Moreover, FAIMS provided access to a distinct set of phosphorylation sites regulated in response to SU5402 and dasatinib. The enhanced identification of multiply phosphorylated peptides was particularly striking in the case of sites regulated by SU5402. In addition to providing a compelling example of the complementarity of FAIMS in phosphoproteomics, the results provide a valuable resource of phosphorylation sites for further investigation of FGF signaling and trafficking