A kognitív készségek rendszere és fejlődése

Additional file 7: Figure S1. The KEGG pathways separately enriched with hypermethylated (a) and hypomethylated (b) genes in at least 10% of the 539 TCGA lung adenocarcinoma samples

Degenerate p‑Type and n‑Type Doping of Diamane by Molecular Adsorption

Motivated by the successful synthesis of two-dimensional diamane [Nat. Nanotechnol. 2020, 15, 59-66], in this work, the electronic and optical properties of diamane with molecular adsorption are investigated by first-principles calculation. Based on the surface transfer doping mechanism, we report the degenerate p-type and n-type doping for hydrogenated diamane (H-diamane) and fluorinated diamane (F-diamane), respectively. Hole accumulation on H-diamane and degenerate levels in the density of states (DOS) are found when organic molecules (tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanoquinodimethane, and tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane) and transition-metal oxides (MoO3, CrO3, WO3, V2O5, and ReO3) are chosen as acceptors on H-diamane. Conversely, F-diamane shows electron accumulation and degenerate levels in DOS when organic molecules (decamethylcobaltocene and cobaltocene2) are adsorbed. The carrier concentration values of H-diamane and F-diamane are 1.91 × 1013 to 3.96 × 1013 cm–2 and 1.96 × 1013 to 3.38 × 1013 cm–2, respectively. After adsorption, the optical absorption increases significantly in the visible-light region. Our findings would provide a feasible route to modulate the electronic and optical properties of diamane

Consistency of DM genes across different datasets for each cancer.

#<p>Each dataset was denoted by the following nomenclature: initial character of the cancer type followed by the total number of samples of the dataset.</p><p>*DM-S denotes DM genes from the shorter list;</p><p>**DM-L denotes DM genes from the longer list.</p>$<p>POG₁₂ denotes the score from the shorter list to the longer list;</p>$$<p>POG₂₁ denotes the score from the longer list to the shorter list.</p>¥<p>Consistency denotes the percentage of overlapping genes which showed the same methylation directions across the two datasets.</p

First-Principles Study of a Zirconium-Terminated Diamond (100) Surface with Promising Negative Electron Affinity and Surface Stability

Chemical modification of diamond surfaces generates a negative electron affinity (NEA), which shows great potential in realizing electron emission. In this study, zirconium (Zr) termination on clean and oxidized diamond (100) surfaces is theoretically proposed by using the structure prediction method, and electronic properties of these predicted surfaces are investigated by first-principles calculations. On the oxidized surfaces, the adsorption energy at 0.25 monolayer (ML) Zr coverage reaches a high value of −10.42 eV, further confirmed by the largest integrated crystal orbital Hamiltonian population value of 6.61 eV. For clean and oxidized diamond (100) surfaces, the largest NEA values at 0.25 ML Zr coverage are −3.75 eV and −3.45 eV, respectively. The dynamic stability of these surface structures is demonstrated by calculating phonon dispersion curves. Furthermore, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations confirm the high thermal stability of the oxidized diamond surface. Therefore, these results indicate that Zr-terminated diamond (100) surfaces possess good thermal stability and higher NEA, making them promising candidate materials for electron emission applications

Consistency of DE genes across different datasets for each cancer.

<p>*DE-S denotes DE genes from the shorter list;</p><p>**DE-L denotes DE genes from the longer list.</p

The datasets of nine cancer types for analyzing batch effects.

<p>The datasets of nine cancer types for analyzing batch effects.</p

Batch effects on tumour samples for nine cancer types.

<p>(a) different batches and different laboratories; (b) the same laboratory but different batches; (c) the same batch but different laboratories; (d) Hierarchical clustering the tumour samples of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma in batch 9 and batch 12. For a cancer type denoted in the x-axis in graph a, b or c, a box plot in the y-axis represents the percentage of probes significantly susceptible to different batch conditions. The percentage takes value ranging from 0 (no susceptible probe) to 1 (100% susceptible probes). Each box stretches from the lower hinge (defined as the 25th percentile) to the upper hinge (the 75th percentile) and the median is shown as a line across the box.</p

Concordance between differential methylation and differential expression.

§<p>Gene number denotes the number of hypermethylated (or hypomethylated) genes which were determined to be differentially expressed in the expression data.</p

The Methylation and Expression datasets of five cancer types for concordance analysis.

#<p>Each dataset is denoted by the following nomenclature: initial character of the cancer type followed by the total number of samples of the dataset; NA, not available.</p

Batch effects on DM genes of six cancer types.

<p>For each cancer type denoted in the x-axis, a box plot in the y-axis represents the consistency score defined as the proportion of DM genes with consistent methylation states among all overlapping DM gene commonly detected in both of the two groups (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0029686#s2" target="_blank">‘Methods’</a> section). The consistency score takes value ranging from 0 (no consistent states) to 1 (100% consistent states). Each box stretches from the lower hinge (defined as the 25th percentile) to the upper hinge (the 75th percentile) and the median is shown as a line across the box.</p