Easily tunable long photonic hook generated from Janus liquids-filled hollow microcylinder

The photonic hook, a beam that can propagate along a curved path, has attracted wide attention since its inception and experimental confirmation. In this paper, we propose a new type of structure, which was made by a hollow microcylinder and a Janus-shaped liquid column of two insoluble filling liquids, for producing photonic hook of easily tunable properties and long length. The E^2 field intensity distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of the photonic hook are studied by analyzing the energy flow using the finite element method. The profile and properties of the photonic hook can be effectively tuned by rotating the hollow microcylinder or changing the light incident angle. A long photonic hook with a decay length of ~18{\lambda} and a photonic hook with a large focal distance ~8{\lambda} are obtained by this model

sj-pdf-1-imr-10.1177_03000605231187946 - Supplemental material for Attack of angina pectoris with low back pain alone: a case report

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-imr-10.1177_03000605231187946 for Attack of angina pectoris with low back pain alone: a case report by Fang Duan, Shuoyuan Ji, Guoqiang Gu, Demin Liu and Wei Cui in Journal of International Medical Research</p

Inflection Point: A New Perspective on Photonic Nanojets

When light propagates through the edge or middle part of microparticle's incoming interface, there is a basic rule that light converges and diverges rapidly or slowly at the output port. These two parts are referred to as region of rapid change (RRC) and region of slow change (RSC), respectively. Finding the boundary point between RRC and RSC is the key to reveal and expound this rule scientifically. Based on the correlation between light convergence-divergence and the slope of emergent light, combined with the relationship between natural logarithm and growth in physical reality and the second derivative of a function in practical significance, we determine the boundary point between RRC and RSC, namely the inflection point. From such perspective, photonic nanojet (PNJ) and near-field focusing by light irradiation on RSC and RRC, as well as the position of the inflection point under different refractive index contrast and the field distribution of light-focusing, are studied with finite-element-method-based numerical simulation and ray-optics-based theoretical analysis. By illuminating light of different field intensity ratios to the regions divided by the inflection point, we demonstrate the generation of photonic hook (PH) and the modulation of PNJ/PH in a new manner

HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality across groups of RAR.

HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality across groups of RAR.</p

Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality.

RAR, red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio.</p

β (95% CI) for length of hospital stay across groups of RAR.

β (95% CI) for length of hospital stay across groups of RAR.</p

Dose-response relationship between RAR and the risk of all-cause mortality.

Adjusted for all covariates in Model 2. The solid and dashed lines represent the estimated values and 95% confidence intervals. RAR, red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio.</p

Results from subgroup analysis showing the relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality.

Each stratification adjusted for all covariates in Model 2. CHF, congestive heart failure; DM with CC, diabetes with complications; AF/Af, atrial flutter/fibrillation.</p

Baseline characteristics of participants.

BackgroundFrailty is associated with poor prognosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The red blood cell distribution width (RDW)-to-albumin ratio (RAR) reflects key components of frailty. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR.MethodsThe data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The RAR was computed by dividing the RDW by the albumin. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 1-year following TAVR. The association between RAR and the primary outcome was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and Cox proportional hazard regression models.ResultsA total of 760 patients (52.9% male) with a median age of 84.0 years were assessed. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with higher RAR had higher mortality (log-rank P 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, we found that a 1 unit increase in RAR was associated with a 46% increase in 1-year mortality (HR = 1.46, 95% CI:1.22–1.75, P 4.0) compared with the low RAR group (RAR P = 0.008). The RCS regression model revealed a continuous linear relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality. No significant interaction was observed in the subgroup analysis.ConclusionThe RAR is independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients treated with TAVR. The higher the RAR, the higher the mortality. This simple indicator may be helpful for risk stratification of TAVR patients.</div

Association of RAR with all-cause mortality after excluding patients who died within 30 days.

Notes: Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI); Model 1 covariates were adjusted for nothing; Model 2 covariates were adjusted for age, gender, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, blood urea nitrogen, chloride, congestive heart failure, hypertension, atrial flutter/fibrillation, diabetes with complications, and renal disease. RAR, red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio. (DOCX)</p