Loss of energy concentration in nonlinear evolution beam equations

Motivated by the oscillations that were seen at the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, we introduce the notion of solutions with a prevailing mode for the nonlinear evolution beam equation $$u_{tt} + u_{xxxx} + f(u)= g(x, t)$$ in bounded space-time intervals. We give a new definition of instability for these particular solutions, based on the loss of energy concentration on their prevailing mode. We distinguish between two different forms of energy transfer, one physiological (unavoidable and depending on the nonlinearity) and one due to the insurgence of instability. We then prove a theoretical result allowing to reduce the study of this kind of infinite-dimensional stability to that of a finite-dimensional approximation. With this background, we study the occurrence of instability for three different kinds of nonlinearities $f$ and for some forcing terms $g$, highlighting some of their structural properties and performing some numerical simulations

Thresholds for hanger slackening and cable shortening in the Melan equation for suspension bridges

The Melan equation for suspension bridges is derived by assuming small displacements of the deck and inextensible hangers. We determine the thresholds for the validity of the Melan equation when the hangers slacken, thereby violating the inextensibility assumption. To this end, we preliminarily study the possible shortening of the cables: it turns out that there is a striking difference between even and odd vibrating modes since the former never shorten the cables. These problems are studied both on beams and plates

Resonance tongues for the Hill equation with Duffing coefficients and instabilities in a nonlinear beam equation

We consider a class of Hill equations where the periodic coefficient is the squared solution of some Duffing equation plus a constant. We study the stability of the trivial solution of this Hill equation and we show that a criterion due to Burdina (V.I. Burdina, Boundedness of solutions of a system of differential equations) is very helpful for this analysis. In some cases, we are also able to determine exact solutions in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions. Overall, we obtain a fairly complete picture of the stability and instability regions. These results are then used to study the stability of nonlinear modes in some beam equations.Comment: Communications in contemporary mathematics. Print ISSN: 0219-1997. Online ISSN: 1793-668

Modeling suspension bridges through the von K\'arm\'an quasilinear plate equations

A rectangular plate modeling the deck of a suspension bridge is considered. The plate may widely oscillate, which suggests to consider models from nonlinear elasticity. The von K\'arm\'an plate model is studied, complemented with the action of the hangers and with suitable boundary conditions describing the behavior of the deck. The oscillating modes are determined in full detail. Existence and multiplicity of static equilibria are then obtained under different assumptions on the strength of the buckling load

Higher order linear parabolic equations

We first highlight the main differences between second order and higher order linear parabolic equations. Then we survey existing results for the latter, in particular by analyzing the behavior of the convolution kernels. We illustrate the updated state of art and we suggest several open problems.Comment: Dedicated to Patrizia Pucci. To appear in the the Contemporary Mathematics series of the AM

Torsional instability in suspension bridges: the Tacoma Narrows Bridge case

All attempts of aeroelastic explanations for the torsional instability of suspension bridges have been somehow criticised and none of them is unanimously accepted by the scientific community. We suggest a new nonlinear model for a suspension bridge and we perform numerical experiments with the parameters corresponding to the collapsed Tacoma Narrows Bridge. We show that the thresholds of instability are in line with those observed the day of the collapse. Our analysis enables us to give a new explanation for the torsional instability, only based on the nonlinear behavior of the structure

On a nonlinear nonlocal hyperbolic system modeling suspension bridges

We suggest a new model for the dynamics of a suspension bridge through a system of nonlinear nonlocal hyperbolic differential equations. The equations are of second and fourth order in space and describe the behavior of the main components of the bridge: the deck, the sustaining cables and the connecting hangers. We perform a careful energy balance and we derive the equations from a variational principle. We then prove existence and uniqueness for the resulting problem