Reducing the risk of heart disease among Indian Australians: knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding food practices - a focus group study

BACKGROUND: Australia has a growing number of Asian Indian immigrants. Unfortunately, this population has an increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). Dietary adherence is an important strategy in reducing risk for CHD. This study aimed to gain greater understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs relating to food practices in Asian Indian Australians. METHODS: Two focus groups with six participants in each were recruited using a convenience sampling technique. Verbatim transcriptions were made and thematic content analysis undertaken. RESULTS: Four main themes that emerged from the data included: migration as a pervasive factor for diet and health; importance of food in maintaining the social fabric; knowledge and understanding of health and diet; and elements of effective interventions. DISCUSSION: Diet is a complex constructed factor in how people express themselves individually, in families and communities. There are many interconnected factors influencing diet choice that goes beyond culture and religion to include migration and acculturation. CONCLUSIONS: Food and associated behaviors are an important aspect of the social fabric. Entrenched and inherent knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and traditions frame individuals\u27 point of reference around food and recommendations for an optimal diet

Bachelor of Nursing Honours Programs in Australia: current trends and key challenges

Background: To prepare nurses for a role in knowledge generation they need to engage in research training. Bachelor of Nursing (Honours) programs are a first step in this training. Developing a better understanding of current programs, their challenges and outcomes will provide an evidence base to inform curriculum development and policy making. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore current Australian Bachelor of Nursing (Honours) programs in terms of their composition, delivery and number of enrolments/graduates. Methods: Bachelor of Nursing Honours Coordinators or Heads of Schools of Nursing and Midwifery at Australian Universities were emailed an invitation to participate in an online survey. Findings: Of the 19 academics who responded to the survey, 15 (78.9%) reported currently offering a Bachelor of Nursing (Honours) program in their institution. A steady decline in mean enrolments was evident over recent years. There were clear differences in course delivery and assessment tasks between courses. Conclusion: This paper highlights the need to further explore Bachelor of Nursing (Honours) programs across Australia to ensure consistency in outcomes and to explore innovations in course delivery and project development. Such changes should incorporate feedback from students, supervisors, curriculum developers and professional stakeholders to ensure that programs address their various needs

A psychometric analysis of the Caring Assessment Tool version V

Aim The aim of this study was to examine the factor structure and construct validity of the Caring Assessment Tool version V (CAT‐V) for patients in Australian hospitals. Design Secondary analysis of CAT‐V surveys from the Australian Nursing Outcomes Collaborative (AUSNOC) data set was used. The CAT was originally developed in the United States of America. Methods The 27‐item CAT‐V was administered to patients prior to discharge from eight wards in three Australian hospitals in 2016. The psychometric properties of the CAT were evaluated using item analysis and exploratory factor analyses. Results Item analysis of surveys from 476 participants showed high levels of perceived caring behaviours and actions. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two‐factor structure consisting of: Nurse-patient communication; and Feeling cared for. The CAT‐V is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring patients\u27 perceptions of the attitudes and actions of nurses in Australia

Impact of implementing the critical-care pain observation tool in the adult intensive care unit : A nonrandomised stepped-wedge trial

Background Approximately 70% of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) experience untreated pain, often due to severe patient conditions and communication barriers. Aim: The aim of this study was to implement the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) to improve pain assessment in patients unable to self-report pain in the ICU. Method A stepped-wedge trial was conducted in six adult ICUs in Saudi Arabia between February and June 2022. The sequential transition of ICU clusters occurred in February 2022, from control to intervention, until all ICUs were exposed to the intervention. The primary outcome was the number of pain assessments, whereas the secondary outcomes were reassessments. Other outcomes were length of stay, mechanical ventilation duration, and administered doses of sedatives and analgesic agents. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Analysis Software v9.4. Results A total of 725 patients unable to self-report pain were included; 65% (n = 469) were male with an average age of 55 years. Implementing CPOT showed a significant increase in the number of pain assessments (rate ratio: 1.77, 95% confidence interval: 1.45, 2.16, p < 0.001) and reassessments (rate ratio: 13.99, 95% confidence interval: 8.14, 24.02, p < 0.001) between intervention and control conditions. There was no significant effect on the ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation duration, and the amount of sedation (midazolam, propofol, and ketamine) and analgesia (fentanyl) administered. Conclusion The study indicates that the implementation of the CPOT increased the frequency of pain assessment and reassessment. However, the impact on patient outcomes remains inconclusive. Further investigations focussing on CPOT as the primary pain scale are necessary to determine its holistic impact on patient outcomes over the long term. Trial registration NCT05488834. Clinical trial registration number This study was registered with the U.S. National Library of Medicine (ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT05488834)

TINGKAT KEBUTUHAN PERAWATAN KARIES GIGI PADA ANAK USIA 7-12 TAHUN DI SDN 13 PALAKKA TIKKAO KABUPATEN SOPPENG

2015Latar Belakang: Karies gigi merupakan penyakit kronis yang sering menyerang anak, yang kemudian akan mempengaruhi keberhasilan anak di sekolah. Anak yang mengalami nyeri gigi dan infeksi akibat karies yang tidak dirawat akan kesulitan berkonsentrasi terhadap proses belajar disekolah. Karies gigi yang tidak dirawat menjadi permasalahan besar, sebab menimbulkan rasa nyeri, abses, kesulitan bicara dan menelan, dan selulitis yang pada akhirnya akan menurunkan kesehatan fisik. Karies gigi merupakan penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan sangat mudah, misalnya dengan tindakan promotif/edukasi dan pemberian fluor serta fissure sealant sebagai tindakan preventif. Pencegahan dan perawatan karies pada anak merupakan hal penting untuk menghindari gangguan jangka panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kebutuhan perawatan karies gigi pada anak usia 7-12 tahun di SDN 13 Palakka Tikkao Kabupaten Soppeng. Metode: jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan metode cross-sectional study. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu murid Sekolah Dasar Negeri 13 Palakka Tikkao Kabupaten Soppeng yang berusia 7-12 tahun dengan jumlah sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 102 orang. Sampel penelitian digunakan purposive sampling. Metode pengambilan data secara primer yaitu dengan pemeriksaan DMF-T dan pemeriksaan tingkat kebutuhan perawatan karies yang dihitung dengan menggunakan Unmet Restoration Treatment Need Index (UTN). Hasil : persentase tingkat kebutuhan perawatan karies gigi pada anak usia 7-12 tahun di SDN 13 Palakka Tikkao Kabupaten Soppeng sebesar 98.35 %. Kesimpulan : Anak usia 7-12 tahun di SDN 13 Palakka Tikkao Kabupaten Soppeng sangat membutuhkan perawatan karies karena tingkat kebutuhan perawatan karies giginya sangat tinggi.\ud Kata kunci: karies gigi, anak sekolah dasar, tingkat kebutuhan perawata

Demographic and professional predictors of professional quality of life among nurses working in the field of oncology: A nation-wide study from Turkey

[Abstract Not Available

A nation-wide study of Turkish oncology nurses' perceptions towards providing care for cancer patients

[Abstract Not Available