Protein contents of IL-6, IL-18, and TTP in urine and serum samples.

<p>Samples from urine (A) and serum (B) of patients from the normal (n = 41), diabetic without proteinuria (n = 33), diabetic with microalbuminuria (n = 29), and diabetic with clinical proteinuria (n = 25) groups were analyzed by ELISA. The data are presented as mean±S.E. *<i>P</i>< 0.05, **<i>P</i> < 0.01 compared with normal healthy controls, ^## P<0.01 compared with diabetic without proteinuria, and ^△△P<0.01 compared with diabetic with microalbuminuria.</p

Characteristics of all subjects.

<p>The data are presented as mean±S.E.</p><p>*<i>P</i> < 0.05</p><p>***<i>P</i> < 0.001 versus normal healthy controls.</p><p>BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; TG: triglyceride; Cr: creatinine; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; ACR, albumin to creatinine ratio; H-CRP: high-sensitive C-reactive protein. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist</p><p>Characteristics of all subjects.</p

Characteristics of all subjects.

<p>The data are presented as mean±S.E.</p><p>*<i>P</i> < 0.05</p><p>***<i>P</i> < 0.001 versus normal healthy controls.</p><p>BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; TG: triglyceride; Cr: creatinine; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; ACR, albumin to creatinine ratio; H-CRP: high-sensitive C-reactive protein. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist</p><p>Characteristics of all subjects.</p

Inverse relationship between serum TTP and IL-18 or IL-6.

<p>The correlation between serum TTP and IL-6 (A) or IL-18 (B) protein levels was determined by plotting the corresponding values for individual diabetic patients. A best fit line is drawn.</p

mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-18, and TTP in urine and serum samples.

<p>Samples from urine (A and B) and serum (A and C) were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and visualized by electrophoresis on acrylamide gels. Representative gels are shown in A; and quantification of the results of patients from each group (normal, n = 41; diabetic without proteinuria, n = 33; diabetic with microalbuminuria, n = 29; and diabetic with clinical proteinuria, n = 25) is shown in B and C. The data are presented as mean±S.E. *<i>P</i> < 0.05, **<i>P</i> < 0.01 compared with normal healthy controls, ^## P<0.01 compared with diabetic without proteinuria, and ^△△P<0.01 compared with diabetic with microalbuminuria.</p