CFD Analysis of Efficiency and Pressure Drop in a Gas-solid Square Cyclones Separator

In this paper, two small cyclones with the same hydraulic diameter and volume, which one is square and the other one is round (Lapple cyclone), are numerically compared. A pre-processor software GAMBIT was employed to set up the configuration, discretisation, and boundary conditions of the cyclone. The characteristics of the cyclone being studied was 0.2 m in diameter, receiving a gas flow rate of 0.1 m3/s with a particle mass loading of 0.01 kg/s. A commercial CFD code FLUENT 6.2.16 was employed to simulate the flow field and particle dynamics in the cyclone. The Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations with Reynolds Stress Turbulence Model (RSTM) are solved by use of the finite volume method based on the SIMPLE pressure correction algorithm in the computational domain. The Eulerian–Lagrangian computational procedure is used to predict particles tracking in the cyclones. The velocity fluctuations are simulated using the Discrete Random Walk (DRW).The results show that collection efficiency of square cyclone is the better with increasing flow rate than round cyclone. The pressure drop in square cyclone is higher than the pressure drop in small round one

Simulation of the Crosswind and the Steam Addition Effect on the Flare Flame

This paper presents the results obtained from the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to modelling the crosswind and steam addition effect on a turbulent non-premixed flame. A pre-processor software GAMBIT was employed to set up the configuration, discretisation, and boundary conditions of the flame being investigated. The commercial software Fluent 6.3 was used to perform the calculations of flow and mixing fields as well as combustion. Standard k-ε and eddy dissipation models were selected as solvers for the representation of the turbulence and combustion, respectively. The results of all calculations are presented in the forms of contour profiles. During the investigation, the treatment was performed by setting a velocity of fuel at 20 m/s with varied cross-wind velocity at 3.77 m/s, 7.5 m/s and 10 m/s, and steam/fuel ratio at 0.14, 0.25 and 2.35. The results of the investigation showed that the standard k-ε turbulence model in conjunction with Eddy Dissipation Model representing the combustion was capable of producing reliable phenomena of the flow field and reactive scalars field in the turbulent non-premixed flame being investigated. Other results of the investigation showed that increasing the velocity of the crosswind, when the fuel velocity was kept constant, significantly affected the flow field, temperature and species concentrations in the flare flame. On the other hand, when the velocity of the fuel was varied at the constant crosswind velocity, the increasing velocity of the fuel gave positive impact as it enabled to counteract the effect of crosswind on the flare flame. The velocity of the crosswind very influence of combustion efficiency, from result of the investigation showed that increasing the velocity of the crosswind significantly affected the combustion efficiency, other result of the inverstigation showed that steam addition will very influencing combustion, excelsior the steam/fuel ratio results the combustion efficiency decreas

Effect of Plasticizer and Fermetation TIME on Cellulose Membrane Production and Analysis of Material Property

This research has been carried out in cellulose membrane production from bacterial cellulose. Bacterial cellulose is produced from the fermentation process. The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of cmc, glycerol and fermentation time towards cellulose membrane characteristics. Cellulose membrane made of a combination of coconut water and palm sugar juice as medium fermentation by using Acetobacter xylinum at 2, 4 and 6 days for fermentation time. Cellulose membrane obtained from a mixture of bacterial cellulose, cmc and glycerol. The addition of cmc and glycerol to improve cellulose membrane characteristics and performance. Based on the analysis results obtained the best performance at 4 days of fermentation time with a concentration of 1.5% cmc and 1.5% glycerol. The thickness of the cellulose membrane was almost the same for all samples and does not affect significantly towards the fermentation time for cellulose membrane production. Cellulose membrane has an asymmetric shape based on morphological analysis using SEM. Besides cellulose membrane has a similar pattern to the weight reduction and has the addition of heat resistance of the membrane. While the results of the IR spectra of cellulose membrane to detect the presence of OH groups, CO, C=C and CH groups that are characteristic of the polyme

Computational Fluid Dynamics of Crosswind Effect on a Flare Flame

This paper presents the results obtained from the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to modelling the crosswind effect on a turbulent non-premixed flame. A pre-processor software GAMBIT was employed to set up the configuration, discretisation, and boundary conditions of the flame being investigated. The commercial software Fluent 6.3 was used to perform the calculations of flow and mixing fields as well as combustion. Standard k-ε and eddy dissipation models were selected as solvers for the representation of the turbulence and combustion, respectively. The results of all calculations are presented in the forms of contour profiles. During the investigation, the treatment was performed by setting a constant velocity of fuel at 20 m/s with varied cross-wind velocity and by keeping the cross-wind velocity constant at 1.1 m/s with varied fuel velocity. The results of the investigation showed that the standard k-ε turbulence model in conjunction with Eddy Dissipation Model representing the combustion was capable of producing reliable phenomena of the flow field and reactive scalars field in the turbulent non-premixed flame being investigated. Other results of the investigation showed that increasing the velocity of the crosswind, when the fuel velocity was kept constant, significantly affected the flow field, temperature and species concentrations in the flare flame. On the other hand, when the velocity of the fuel was varied at the constant crosswind velocity, the increasing velocity of the fuel gave positive impact as it enabled to counteract the effect of crosswind on the flare flam

Analysis of Turbulence Models Performance for the Predictions of Flow Yield, Efficiency, and Pressure Drop of a Gas-solid Cyclone Separator

This paper presents the results obtained from the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to modelling the flow field of a Lapple cyclone and to optimizing the cyclone based upon its geometrical parameters. A pre-processor software GAMBIT was employed to set up the configuration, discretisation, and boundary conditions of the cyclone. The characteristics of the cyclone being studied was 0.2 m in diameter, receiving a gas flow rate of 0.1 m3/s with a particle mass loading of 0.01 kg/m3. A commercial CFD code FLUENT 6.2.16 was employed to simulate the flow field and particle dynamics in the cyclone. The objective of this research was to investigate the performance of a number of turbulence models on the prediction of the flow field, collection efficiency and pressure drop in the Lapple cyclone. A number of five turbulence models under Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) category, including Spallart-Allmaras, standard k-ε model, RNG k-ε model, standard k-ω model, and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) were examined in the simulation of the flow field and particle dynamics inside the cyclone. A validation of all calculation was performed by comparing the predicted results in terms of axial and tangential velocities, efficiency and pressure drop against experimental data of a Lapple cyclone taken from literature. The results of the investigation show that out of five turbulence models being tested, the RSM presented the best predicted results. The predictions of axial and tangential velocities as well as cyclone efficiency by this model are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Although the pressure drop in the cyclone is under-predicted, the RSM predictions are far better than those of other model. Other turbulence models are over-predicted and under-predicted the axial and tangential velocity, respectively. With respect to efficiency and pressure drop of the cyclone, other models are capable of following the trend of the experimental data but they failed to agree with the experimental values. These results suggest that the RSM is the most suitable turbulence model to represent the flow field and particle dynamics inside a cyclone gas-solid separator

Desiminasi Teknologi Pengeringan Dan Pengasapan Ikan Lele Pada UMKM Di Desa Meunasah Lhok Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara

Kegiatan ini dilakukan kepada UMKM Aceh Catfish dan kelompok Seungkoe Atjeh dalam menghasilkan produk ikan lele asap dan ikan lele kering yang merupakan peternak lele yang baru mulai berkembang dan memulai usaha dengan membuat ikan lele kering yang berada di desa Meunasah Lhok kecamatan Muara Batu kabupaten Aceh Utara. Selama ini ikan lele di jual melalui pengumpul dengan harga yang tidak menentu pada saat ikan lele di panen, sehingga ikan lele yang tidak tertampung oleh pengumpul mengakibatkan ikan lele menjadi besar dan sulit untuk di jual. Oleh UMKM Aceh Catfish dan kelompok Seungkoe Atjeh ikan lele yang di panen dibuat sebuah produk ikan lele kering. Ikan lele kering yang diproduksi peternak dilakukan masih secara konvensional menggunakan sinar matahari. Lokasi pengolahan ikan lele kering juga kurang hygienies. Pengolahan ikan lele kering yang dilakukan masih sederhana menyebabkan produk ikan lele kering yang dihasilkan kualitasnya kurang baik seperti warna dan daging yang kurang kering merata karena tergantung oleh kondisi cuaca selain itu daya tahan atau daya simpan ikan lele kering singkat. Didukung dengan kemasan yang masih sederhana. Untuk memecahkan masalah dalam hal meningkatkan produktivitas, nilai tambah dan daya saing produk yang berbasis iptek, pengusul melakukan kegiatan diseminasi produk teknologi berupa teknologi pengeringan dan teknologi pengasapan ikan lele dengan menggunakan oven pengering dan pengasapan.Kegiatan ini dilakukan kepada UMKM Aceh Catfish dan kelompok Seungkoe Atjeh dalam menghasilkan produk ikan lele asap dan ikan lele kering yang merupakan peternak lele yang baru mulai berkembang dan memulai usaha dengan membuat ikan lele kering yang berada di desa Meunasah Lhok kecamatan Muara Batu kabupaten Aceh Utara. Selama ini ikan lele di jual melalui pengumpul dengan harga yang tidak menentu pada saat ikan lele di panen, sehingga ikan lele yang tidak tertampung oleh pengumpul mengakibatkan ikan lele menjadi besar dan sulit untuk di jual. Oleh UMKM Aceh Catfish dan kelompok Seungkoe Atjeh ikan lele yang di panen dibuat sebuah produk ikan lele kering. Ikan lele kering yang diproduksi peternak dilakukan masih secara konvensional menggunakan sinar matahari. Lokasi pengolahan ikan lele kering juga kurang hygienies. Pengolahan ikan lele kering yang dilakukan masih sederhana menyebabkan produk ikan lele kering yang dihasilkan kualitasnya kurang baik seperti warna dan daging yang kurang kering merata karena tergantung oleh kondisi cuaca selain itu daya tahan atau daya simpan ikan lele kering singkat. Didukung dengan kemasan yang masih sederhana. Untuk memecahkan masalah dalam hal meningkatkan produktivitas, nilai tambah dan daya saing produk yang berbasis iptek, pengusul melakukan kegiatan diseminasi produk teknologi berupa teknologi pengeringan dan teknologi pengasapan ikan lele dengan menggunakan oven pengering dan pengasapan

Ceramic Membrane Production from the Mixture Composition of Clay, Zeolite, Activated Carbon with Micro Particle Size

The study has been done in membrane production from the ratio of clay, zeolite and activated carbon. The goal of this study is to make membrane from clay, zeolite and activated carbon with micro particle size using Planetary Ball Milling Fritsch Pulverisette. The comparison of clay, zeolite and activated carbon is 80% : 10% : 10%, 70% : 20% : 10%, 60% : 30% : 10%, 50% : 40% : 10% with temperature combustion 600 °C, 700 °C dan 800 °C. Activated zeolite done with using HCl 2 M and then heated at 150 °C for 3 hours. Size particle from zeolite is 140 mesh with using Planetary Ball Milling Fritsch Pulverisette to reduce size of zeolite become 140 mesh with a rotation speed of 350 rpm for 6 hours. The result of this study shows that the highest flukes membrane found in clay, zeolit and activated membrane at 50%: 40%: 10% with temperature combustion at 800 °C around 4,859 L/jam.m2. The compressive strength on clay: zeolite: activated carbon ( 80%: 10%: 10%) with temperature burning at 600 °C around 39,6977 kg/cm2. Characterization testing using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) on ceramic membranes with clay composition: zeolite: activated carbon = 50%: 40%: 10% at a combustion temperature of 600 °C obtained by membrane pore size of 2,699 μm. Adsorption with the optimum time obtained at 1 hour with a concentration of 0,2333 ppm. The highest effect of membrane composition on cation exchange capacity (CEC) is in the composition of 50%: 40%: 10% with a combustion temperature of 600 °C which is equal to 1.1 mgrek/g..</jats:p

Desiminasi Teknologi Pengeringan Dan Pengasapan Ikan Lele Pada UMKM Di Desa Meunasah Lhok Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Kegiatan ini dilakukan kepada UMKM Aceh Catfish dan kelompok Seungkoe Atjeh dalam menghasilkan produk ikan lele asap dan ikan lele kering yang merupakan peternak lele yang baru mulai berkembang dan memulai usaha dengan membuat ikan lele kering yang berada di desa Meunasah Lhok kecamatan Muara Batu kabupaten Aceh Utara. Selama ini ikan lele di jual melalui pengumpul dengan harga yang tidak menentu pada saat ikan lele di panen, sehingga ikan lele yang tidak tertampung oleh pengumpul mengakibatkan ikan lele menjadi besar dan sulit untuk di jual. Oleh UMKM Aceh Catfish dan kelompok Seungkoe Atjeh ikan lele yang di panen dibuat sebuah produk ikan lele kering. Ikan lele kering yang diproduksi peternak dilakukan masih secara konvensional menggunakan sinar matahari. Lokasi pengolahan ikan lele kering juga kurang hygienies. Pengolahan ikan lele kering yang dilakukan masih sederhana menyebabkan produk ikan lele kering yang dihasilkan kualitasnya kurang baik seperti warna dan daging yang kurang kering merata karena tergantung oleh kondisi cuaca selain itu daya tahan atau daya simpan ikan lele kering singkat. Didukung dengan kemasan yang masih sederhana. Untuk memecahkan masalah dalam hal meningkatkan produktivitas, nilai tambah dan daya saing produk yang berbasis iptek, pengusul melakukan kegiatan diseminasi produk teknologi berupa teknologi pengeringan dan teknologi pengasapan ikan lele dengan menggunakan oven pengering dan pengasapan.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; </jats:p