90 research outputs found
Monitoring the sand extraction on the Belgian Continental Shelf: methodology, results and expectations
Within the framework of a sustainable exploitation of the mineral resources on the Belgian Continental Shelf, the Belgian government has established a surveillance and monitoring program of the extraction activities and the impact on the environment. The up to date results show a concentration of the activities on the Kwintebank, resulting in a strong but merely local impact of the extractions on the bathymetry and sediments of the seafloor. In the near future the governmental control will evolve to a real-time surveillance and a dynamic and three-dimensional monitoring program to assure the future sustainability of the economically important exploitation of mineral resources
Morphological evolution of the Kwinte Bank central depression before and after the cessation of aggregate extraction
Analyses of the records of ships registers and Electronic Monitoring Systems, of the trailer suction hopper dredgers, operating on the Belgian Continental Shelf, reveal that since the beginning of extraction in 1976, 75% of the total extracted volume originates from only one sandbank, the Kwinte Bank. At present, two morphologically-distinguished depressions are observed along the two most dredged areas of this sandbank: one in the central; and one in the northern part of the bank. In order to limit the impact of sand extraction on the bathymetry, the central depression of the Kwinte Bank was closed for exploitation, in February 2003. An understanding of the morphological evolution of this central depression is based upon data obtained: (a) from November 1999, until the closure for extraction in February 2003; and (b) on the subsequent post-dredging evolution, until June 2005. During this 5-year period, a total of 17 surveys were carried out with a multibeam echosounder over the area of the central depression (KBMA) and over a reference zone on an adjacent non-exploited sandbank. The resulting time-series of bathymetrical digital terrain models, together with backscatter strength maps, permit a detailed comparison of the bathy-morphological and sedimentary evolution of both of the monitored areas. Since the commencement of multibeam monitoring in 1999, an overall deepening (by 0.5m) of the entire KBMA monitoring zone is observed, until the cessation of dredging, in February 2003. Subsequently, the deepening slowed down and the variation in sediment volumes became similar to that of the adjacent non-exploited sandbank. From this, marine aggregate extraction appears to have only a local impact
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