15 research outputs found

    Proportion consuming 2+ sugary sodas (cells) by quartile of energy intake (rows) and body mass index (BMI) category (columns).

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    <p>Note: “Column differences” χ<sup>2</sup> p-value assess whether sugary soda consumption differs by level of caloric consumption within each BMI category. “Row differences” χ<sup>2</sup> p-value assess whether sugary soda consumption differs by BMI category within each level of energy intake.</p

    Distribution of attributes, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004, overall and by albuminuria status.

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    <p>P values use t-test for differences in means, and Wald chi-square test for proportions.</p>*<p>Note that values in the table are weighted to take into account the complex survey design; however, the counts of number of subjects with (n = 1326) and without albuminuria (n = 8032) are not weighted for the survey design.</p>†<p>Triglyceride levels available only for the subset (n = 4457) with fasting morning blood draw.</p

    Adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) comparing albuminuria among consumers of 2+ vs. 0–1 sugary soft drinks per day, stratified by body mass index (BMI) category.

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    <p>Trend line shows a quadratic model fit to the aORs; vertical lines represent 95% Confidence Intervals. The aORs are adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, and poverty status, but not BMI. BMI is used only as a stratification variable. Figure excludes subjects with BMI<17.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (n = 61).</p

    U.S. trends in total sugar availability, High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) availability, soft drink consumption, and incident diabetic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) over time.

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    <p>Data on sweetener availability from USDA <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0003431#pone.0003431-USDA1" target="_blank">[38]</a>; soft drink consumption from Nielsen and Popkin <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0003431#pone.0003431-Nielsen1" target="_blank">[8]</a>; and incident diabetic ESRD from the United States Renal Data System <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0003431#pone.0003431-USRDS1" target="_blank">[54]</a>.</p

    Probability of changing ego’s playing active sports score in the next time step, based on ego’s and average alters’ current active sports score.

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    <p>The playing active sports score is the frequency in the past week: 0 = not at all; 1 = 1 or 2 times; 2 = 3 or 4 times; 3 = 5 or more times. Egos may increase by one level, decrease by one level, or stay at the same level.</p

    Network influence on behavior, parameters and (95% confidence intervals).

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    <p>Behavioral change parameters are adjusted for network structural parameters (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0039795#pone-0039795-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0039795#pone-0039795-t004" target="_blank">4</a>).</p><p>Linear and quadratic shape parameters are the effects of the ego’s own behavior (linear) and behavior-squared (quadratic) on his or her future behavior. The “average similarity” parameters represent social influence of the alters’ on the ego.</p
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