A therapeutic antibody targeting annexin-A1 inhibits cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo

In this study we conducted the first investigation to assess the efficacy of a novel therapeutic antibody developed to target annexin-A1 (ANXA1). ANXA1 is an immunomodulatory protein which has been shown to be overexpressed in, and promote the development and progression of, several cancer types. In particular, high ANXA1 expression levels correlate with poorer overall survival in pancreatic and triple-negative breast cancers, two cancers with considerable unmet clinical need. MDX-124 is a humanised IgG1 monoclonal antibody which specifically binds to ANXA1 disrupting its interaction with formyl peptide receptors 1 and 2 (FPR1/2). Here we show that MDX-124 significantly reduced proliferation (p < 0.013) in a dose-dependent manner across a panel of human cancer cell lines expressing ANXA1. The anti-proliferative effect of MDX-124 is instigated by arresting cell cycle progression with cancer cells accumulating in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, MDX-124 significantly inhibited tumour growth in both the 4T1-luc triple-negative breast and Pan02 pancreatic cancer syngeneic mouse models (p < 0.0001). These findings suggest ANXA1-targeted therapy is a viable and innovative approach to treat tumours which overexpress ANXA1.</p

Eating disorders and physical multimorbidity in the English general population

PurposePeople with eating disorders may be at increased risk for physical health problems, but there are no data on the relationship between eating disorders and physical multimorbidity (i.e., ≥ 2 physical conditions) and its potential mediators. Thus, we investigated this association in a representative sample of adults from the UK, and quantified the extent to which this can be explained by various psychological and physical conditions, and lifestyle factors.MethodsCross-sectional data of the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey were analyzed. Questions from the five-item SCOFF screening instrument were used to identify possible eating disorder. Respondents were asked about 20 physical health conditions. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted.ResultsData on 7403 individuals aged ≥ 16 years were analyzed [mean (SD) age 46.3 (18.6) years; 48.6% males]. After adjustment, possible eating disorder was associated with 2.11 (95%CI = 1.67–2.67) times higher odds for physical multimorbidity. Anxiety disorder explained the largest proportion this association (mediated percentage 26.3%), followed by insomnia (21.8%), perceived stress (13.4%), depression (13.1%), obesity (13.0%), and alcohol dependence (4.3%).ConclusionFuture longitudinal studies are warranted to understand potential causality and the underlying mechanisms in the association between eating disorder and multimorbidity, and whether addressing the identified potential mediators in people with eating disorders can reduce multimorbidity.</p

Eating disorders and physical multimorbidity in the English general population

PurposePeople with eating disorders may be at increased risk for physical health problems, but there are no data on the relationship between eating disorders and physical multimorbidity (i.e., ≥ 2 physical conditions) and its potential mediators. Thus, we investigated this association in a representative sample of adults from the UK, and quantified the extent to which this can be explained by various psychological and physical conditions, and lifestyle factors.MethodsCross-sectional data of the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey were analyzed. Questions from the five-item SCOFF screening instrument were used to identify possible eating disorder. Respondents were asked about 20 physical health conditions. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted.ResultsData on 7403 individuals aged ≥ 16 years were analyzed [mean (SD) age 46.3 (18.6) years; 48.6% males]. After adjustment, possible eating disorder was associated with 2.11 (95%CI = 1.67–2.67) times higher odds for physical multimorbidity. Anxiety disorder explained the largest proportion this association (mediated percentage 26.3%), followed by insomnia (21.8%), perceived stress (13.4%), depression (13.1%), obesity (13.0%), and alcohol dependence (4.3%).ConclusionFuture longitudinal studies are warranted to understand potential causality and the underlying mechanisms in the association between eating disorder and multimorbidity, and whether addressing the identified potential mediators in people with eating disorders can reduce multimorbidity.</p

The relationship between severe mental illness and physical multi-morbidity: a meta-analysis and call for action

Question: People with mental illness have a higher prevalence of several chronic physical health conditions and the prevalence of physical multi-morbidity is expected to rise. The aim of this study was to assess the strength of the association between severe mental illness (SMI) and physical multi-morbidity.Study selection and analysis We systematically searched PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PSYCInfo, and the behavioural sciences collection databases, from inception to the 31st of January 2023, for studies that investigated the association between SMI and physical multi-morbidity. Humans of any age either clinically diagnosed and/or currently receiving treatment for a SMI, specified as schizophrenia (and related psychotic disorders), bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression were eligible. Data from studies selected for inclusion were converted into odds ratios (ORs), with a subsequent meta-analysis conducted.Findings We included 19 studies with a total of 194,123 patients with SMI with different diagnoses and drawn from the general population. The pooled OR for physical multi-morbidity in people with versus without SMI was 1.84 (95% CI 1.33-2.54), with the analysis indicating a high level of heterogeneity (98.38%). The other 15 studies included in the systematic review, for which it was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis, showed strong associations between SMI and physical multi-morbidity.Conclusions The current evidence highlighted the link between SMI and physical multi-morbidity. A multidisciplinary approach, is now urgent, to develop the best models of services tailored to patients with SMI with physical multi-morbidities to improve physical, mental, and social outcomes</p

The relationship between severe mental illness and physical multi-morbidity: a meta-analysis and call for action

Question: People with mental illness have a higher prevalence of several chronic physical health conditions and the prevalence of physical multi-morbidity is expected to rise. The aim of this study was to assess the strength of the association between severe mental illness (SMI) and physical multi-morbidity.Study selection and analysis We systematically searched PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PSYCInfo, and the behavioural sciences collection databases, from inception to the 31st of January 2023, for studies that investigated the association between SMI and physical multi-morbidity. Humans of any age either clinically diagnosed and/or currently receiving treatment for a SMI, specified as schizophrenia (and related psychotic disorders), bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression were eligible. Data from studies selected for inclusion were converted into odds ratios (ORs), with a subsequent meta-analysis conducted.Findings We included 19 studies with a total of 194,123 patients with SMI with different diagnoses and drawn from the general population. The pooled OR for physical multi-morbidity in people with versus without SMI was 1.84 (95% CI 1.33-2.54), with the analysis indicating a high level of heterogeneity (98.38%). The other 15 studies included in the systematic review, for which it was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis, showed strong associations between SMI and physical multi-morbidity.Conclusions The current evidence highlighted the link between SMI and physical multi-morbidity. A multidisciplinary approach, is now urgent, to develop the best models of services tailored to patients with SMI with physical multi-morbidities to improve physical, mental, and social outcomes</p

Human Monkeypox: A Comprehensive Narrative Review and Analysis of the Public Health Implications

Recently, numerous cases of monkeypox were reported from several non-endemic countries in Europe, North America, and Oceania, suggesting an unusual and alarming public health issue, particularly considering that the disease is not directly related to human or animal travels. Attention is currently being drawn to this phenomenon since more than 70% of the global population is no longer vaccinated against smallpox. Indeed, the smallpox vaccination also confers some indirect degree of protection against other poxviruses, including monkeypox. We performed a narrative review to describe the existing literature with regard to monkeypox using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus databases. This review aims to provide updated evidence of findings on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and prevention of monkeypox, also considering the concurrent zoonotic pandemic caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2