Combined Effect of Diaphragm and Oxidizer Swirl on Regression Rate in Hybrid Rocket Motors

The present numerical work investigates the effect of a combination of two known regression rate enhancement techniques, namely diaphragm located in the port and swirling oxidizer flow at the inlet. Diaphragm enhances regression rate by heat transfer enhancement due to recirculation zone whereas swirling flow enhances regression rate by enhancement in radial diffusive transport. The use of diaphragm in combination with swirl was found to be more effective in enhancing regression rate compared with the individual enhancements by the two techniques. However, the net enhancement in regression rate using combined techniques was less than the arithmetic sum of enhancement from two individual techniques. Interestingly, the characteristic exhaust velocity C* is enhanced only if diaphragms are sufficiently tall.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 64, No. 1, January 2014, DOI:10.14429/dsj.64.377

Vasoplegic syndrome after off pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

We report a case of 48-years-old man who developed nor-epinephrine resistant vasoplegic syndrome after elective off pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The failure of norepinephrine to improve the patients’ hemodynamics promted us to start treatment with vasopressin. Within an hour, the hemodynamics begin to improve. After 4 hours, patient was stable enough to be weaned from vasopressin, extubated at the end of 24 hrs and shifted to ward at the end of 48 hours. Vasoplegic syndrome can occur commonly after cardiopulmonary bypass and incidence can go up to 10%. This case was reported to insist upon the fact that vasoplegic syndrome can occur even after off pump surgeries. Herein we discuss the aetiology, risk factors, pathophysiology and prophylactic measures to be taken, for the prevention of vasoplegic syndrome

Cavernous haemangioma of male breast

We report a rare case of a cavernous hemangioma arising in a male breast. A 53 year old man first noticed 1×1 cm nodule just below his left nipple since 2 years. It was enlarging over a period to the present size. He came to our hospital, it was size of (2×1 cm), was a firm and cystic with a rather smooth surface, and mobile with in breast just medial to left nipple. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) failed to obtain proper material except for old bloody fluid or necrotic connective tissue, precluding a correct diagnosis preoperatively suggesting cystic lesion with bloody aspirate. Lumpectomy or excision biopsy was subsequently performed. Histological, it was found to be a cavernous hemangioma. In such a case, complete excision is recommended to exclude the possibility of an underlying malignant lesion

Tropical sprue in megaloblastic anemia

Background: The causes of megaloblastic anemia may vary in different geographical regions. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the utilization of bone marrow examination and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in megaloblastic anemia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study done on 50 patients (age ≥15years) of macrocytic anemia after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. A bone marrow aspiration with biopsy and an UGIE with duodenal biopsy were performed in consented patients with evidence of megaloblastic anemia in the peripheral smear or Vitamin B12 deficiency or folate deficiency or both.Results: Out of 50 cases, 38 patients had pure Vitamin B12 deficiency, 2 patients had pure folate deficiency and 5 patients had combined deficiency. Among 43 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, only four (9.3%) were vegetarians and remaining 39 (90.7%) were having non-vegetarian diet. Bone marrow study was done in 29 patients (out of 50) and all of them were found to have megaloblastic erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. Thirty three out of 50 consented for UGIE and duodenal biopsy. Out of 33, 17 patients (51.5%) had features of tropical sprue in biopsy.Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of tropical sprue in megaloblastic anemia due to Vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiency. We recommend that UGIE with deep duodenal biopsy should be considered in all patients with megaloblastic anemia to rule out tropical sprue in India

EVALUATION OF GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN AND ELECTROLYTE STATUS IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

Background: The present study was conducted to evaluate glycosylated hemoglobin and electrolyte status in Diabetic ketoacidosis subjects compared with controlled type II diabetes mellitus. Methods: Totally 100 subjects were included in this study (75 known DKA subjects and 25 controlled type II Diabetes Mellitus subjects). 5ml of venous blood samples are collected from subjects, Biochemical parameters performed Fasting blood sugar, Post prandial blood sugar by Glucose oxidase and peroxidase method, Glycosylated hemoglobin by Ion exchange High performance liquid chromatography, serum electrolytes levels are estimated by Ion selective electrode method. Results: The serum levels of FBS, PPBS, HbA1c levels are high in DKA compared with controlled Type II DM. the serum levels of sodium are significantly decreased in DKA compared with controlled Type II DM. The serum levels of potassium and chloride are high in DKA compared with controlled Type II DM. Conclusion: We concluded that electrolyte imbalance is high in DKA due to hyperglycemic hyper-osmolality and insulin deficiency frequently leads to electrolyte imbalance. HbA1c, FBS, PPBS levels are elevated in DKA due to uncontrolled hyperglycemia.KEYWORDS: Peroxidase method; Fasting blood sugar; HbA1c; Glycosylated hemoglobin

EVALUATION OF GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN AND ELECTROLYTE STATUS IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

Background: The present study was conducted to evaluate glycosylated hemoglobin and electrolyte status in Diabetic ketoacidosis subjects compared with controlled type II diabetes mellitus. Methods: Totally 100 subjects were included in this study (75 known DKA subjects and 25 controlled type II Diabetes Mellitus subjects). 5ml of venous blood samples are collected from subjects, Biochemical parameters performed Fasting blood sugar, Post prandial blood sugar by Glucose oxidase and peroxidase method, Glycosylated hemoglobin by Ion exchange High performance liquid chromatography, serum electrolytes levels are estimated by Ion selective electrode method. Results: The serum levels of FBS, PPBS, HbA1c levels are high in DKA compared with controlled Type II DM. the serum levels of sodium are significantly decreased in DKA compared with controlled Type II DM. The serum levels of potassium and chloride are high in DKA compared with controlled Type II DM. Conclusion: We concluded that electrolyte imbalance is high in DKA due to hyperglycemic hyper-osmolality and insulin deficiency frequently leads to electrolyte imbalance. HbA1c, FBS, PPBS levels are elevated in DKA due to uncontrolled hyperglycemia.KEYWORDS: Peroxidase method; Fasting blood sugar; HbA1c; Glycosylated hemoglobin

Whittaker vectors for W\mathcal{W}-algebras from topological recursion

We identify Whittaker vectors for $\mathcal{W}_k(\mathfrak{g})$-modules with partition functions of higher Airy structures. This implies that Gaiotto vectors, describing the fundamental class in the equivariant cohomology of a suitable compactification of the moduli space of $G$-bundles over $\mathbb{P}^2$ for $G$ a complex simple Lie group, can be computed by a non-commutative version of the Chekhov-Eynard-Orantin topological recursion. We formulate the connection to higher Airy structures for Gaiotto vectors of type A, B, C, and D, and explicitly construct the topological recursion for type A (at arbitrary level) and type B (at self-dual level). On the physics side, it means that the Nekrasov partition function for pure $\mathcal{N} = 2$ four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories can be accessed by topological recursion methods.Comment: 79 pages, 1 figure; v2: Proposition 4.12 corrected, intro references update

Patohistološke promjene u tovnih pilića koji su u hrani dobivali aflatoksin i ciklopiazonsku kiselinu.

Experimental mycotoxicoses was induced into broiler chickens by feeding 1 ppm afl atoxin (AF) and 20 ppm cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) from 0 to 28 days of age to evaluate the gross and histopathological changes. Grossly, AF and AF-CPA fed birds showed enlargement, yellowish discoloration of the liver while the CPA fed birds showed enlargement and congestion. The CPA and AF-CPA fed birds showed thickening of crop and necrosis and thickening of proventricular mucosa. Histopathologically, degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in the liver, kidneys, intestine, pancreas, heart, pectoral muscle, spleen and bursa of Fabricius of all toxin fed birds. Besides, hyperplastic changes were also observed in the crop, proventriculus and gizzard in the CPA fed birds. The lesions were more marked in the AF-CPA group. The study revealed that AF and CPA in combination could act cumulatively and adversely affect the health of broiler chicken.Pokusna mikotoksikoza u tovnih pilića bila je izazvana davanjem 1 ppm afl atoksina (AF) i 20 ppm ciklopiazonske kiseline (CPK) od dana valjenja do 28. dana života, u svrhu promatranja patoanatomskih i patohistoloških promjena. Patoanatomski je u pilića koji su dobivali AF i AF-CPK ustanovljena povećana žućkasta jetra, a u pilića koji su dobivali CPK povećana jetra s kongestijom. U pilića koji su dobivali CPK i AFCPK ustanovljeno je zadebljanje voljke te nekroza i zadebljanje sluznice žljezdanoga želuca. Patohistološki su ustanovljene degenerativne i nekrotične promjene u jetri, bubrezima, crijevima, gušterači, srcu, prsnom mišićju, slezeni i Fabricijevoj burzi u svih pilića koji su dobivali toksin. Povrh toga, hiperplastične promjene bile su ustanovljene u voljki, predželucu i želucu u pilića koji su dobivali CPK. Oštećenja su bila mnogo jače izražena u skupini pilića koja je istodobno dobivala AF i CPK. Istraživanje je pokazalo da AF i CPK djeluju kumulativno i nepovoljno na zdravlje tovnih pilića

Role of high resolution sonography and color Doppler flow imaging in the evaluation of scrotal pathology

Background: Scrotal swelling and pain are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Although to reach a diagnosis in some patients, history and physical examination are adequate, yet in a large percentage of patients, some additional studies are essential for complete evaluation of their symptoms. The clinical examination is often misleading or non-specific. The study shows the application of Gray-scale sonography, Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and Power Doppler (PD) in the diagnosis of swelling, malposition, torsion, trauma, varicocele, hydrocele, cyst, mass, and atrophy.Methods: A total of 93 patients from all age groups with symptoms related to scrotal disease have been included in this study. Gray-scale sonography, CDFI and PD sonography of scrotal lesions were carried out.Results: A good correlation was seen in the comparison of scrotal lesions between sonography (gray scale, CDFI, and PD) and histopathology/ treatment response.Conclusions: High-resolution sonography, along with color Doppler flow imaging and power Doppler should be used as the first-line investigation in the evaluation of scrotal pathologies. Color Doppler flow Imaging and power Doppler add useful information and complement gray-scale sonography in reaching a correct diagnosis