922 research outputs found
Public-private substitution in higher education : has cost-sharing gone too far?
This paper looks at the current challenge facing higher education by exploring the historical relationship between higher education funding and long economic cycles in the UK, USA and France. It examines the consequence of the transformation of public-private income in higher education that followed the 1970s downturn, questioning whether the rise of private resources acted as additional or substitutive resources for public spending. The paper suggests that there is a risk that the cost-sharing strategy could be turned into a policy of public-private substitution of funding and provision, leading to a transfer rather than an increase of resources with strong implications on quality and equity. However, the Kondratiev cycle suggests an alternative route by designating the impact of the 1970s economic downturn on education as unique. Previous economic crises were contemporary of accelerations of public funding towards education which in fact contributed to economic recovery. The current crisis could represent an opportunity to revive counter-cyclical policy by looking not only at efficient public spending but also at developing fairer taxation. A revival of public funding complemented by an additional rather than substitutive diversification of income would rebalance the public-private structure of funding and drive a sustainable higher education system capable of playing a key part in these counter-cyclical transformations
Funding in Higher Education and Economic Growth in France and the United Kingdom, 1921-2003
The 2004 Higher Education Act generated important debates about the relationships between higher education (HE), economic growth and social progress. The range of positions expressed in relation to the increase of annual tuition fees raises crucial questions about the public and private funding of HE and its individual and social economic benefits. The analysis of new historical data from the 1920s onwards shows that the expansion in university resources was not linear and may be related to long economic cycles. Moreover, private funding periodically increased in order to replace diminishing public funding, rather than taking the form of additional resources. In consequence, private funds did not provide an overall rise in the universitiesâ income. The considerable fluctuations of funding, combined with a more consistent growth of enrolment, led to a recurrent mismatch between resources for and access to HE, explaining the wide fluctuations of resources per student over the period. Such historical trends question whether, in the future, increased fees will be a substitute for public spending. Or will variable fees rather combine with even greater increases in public funding as part of a national project to support HE students from all social backgrounds and to boost expenditure per student
Viewpoint: The Credit Crunch and Education: An historical perspective from the Kondratiev Cycle
Quantitative sources for the history of education
This paper proposes a critical reflection on the use of quantitative sources for the historian of education. It identifies and discusses key promises and challenges related to the construction and interpretation of historical statistics in education, drawing on a number of British and some French historiographical examples. Ultimately, the article encourages, where possible and appropriate, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in order to identify trends and patterns in education and facilitate their contextualisation in terms of processes and meanings
Jort â Le Moulin Fouleux (lot A)
En septembre 2018, une opĂ©ration de fouille motivĂ©e par lâamĂ©nagement dâune habitation a Ă©tĂ© conduite Ă Jort au lieu-dit « Le Moulin Fouleux », parcelle B 682p1, lot A, sur une superficie de 1 100 m2. La prescription fait suite Ă un diagnostic rĂ©alisĂ© au printemps 2018 par Ludovic Le Gaillard. Elle sâinscrit dans une suite de huit opĂ©rations menĂ©es Ă Jort entre 1997 et 2015, dont les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que cette partie de la commune correspond, dâune part, Ă la pĂ©riphĂ©rie de lâagglomĂ©ration..
Blainville-sur-Orne â Terres dâavenir (site 3)
La fouille sâest dĂ©roulĂ©e du 6 au 19 novembre 2017, sur une surface de 3 724 m2 amĂ©nagĂ©e par la sociĂ©tĂ© Foncim. Les vestiges mis au jour consistent en traces de parcellaire protohistorique en lien avec les occupations adjacentes (sites 1 et 2, fouilles E. GhesquiĂšre et C.-C. Besnard), et moderne Ă contemporain, ainsi quâen 15 abris enterrĂ© de type « trou dâhomme » datĂ©s des premiers temps de la bataille de Normandie. Une moitiĂ© dâentre eux prĂ©sente un plan oblong et se trouvent dĂ©nuĂ©s de trac..
Vivoin â Le Grand Coudray
Le site du Grand Coudray, Ă Vivoin, correspond Ă un Ă©tablissement rural marquĂ© par quatre phases dâoccupation, Ă©tagĂ©es du dĂ©but du ier s. apr. J.-C. Ă la fin du viiie ou au dĂ©but du ixe s. au plus tard. La premiĂšre phase dâoccupation voit au cours du ier s. la mise en place dâun systĂšme orthonormĂ© de dĂ©limitation parcellaire, qui sâorganise autour dâun enclos quadrangulaire, partiellement compris dans les limites de lâemprise. Une mare est Ă©tablie sur le gisement afin de collecter les eaux de..
Colleville-Montgomery â La Mare Gobe
Une fouille a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e en octobre-novembre 2015, dans lâemprise de la parcelle AN34p de la commune de Colleville-Montgomery, sous la direction de V. Carpentier (Inrap). Cet espace enherbĂ© de 11 650 m2, situĂ© Ă la pĂ©riphĂ©rie immĂ©diate du village, est concernĂ© par un projet de lotissement pilotĂ© par la sociĂ©tĂ© FONCIM. Les vestiges mis au jour se dĂ©ploient sur la totalitĂ© de la surface dĂ©capĂ©e, correspondant Ă un fond de vallon humide, sous-tendu par une formation gĂ©ologique complexe, inclua..
Cabourg â Station dâĂ©puration
Date de l'opĂ©ration : 2007 (EX) Inventeur(s) : Carpentier Vincent (INRAP) Le projet dâagrandissement de la station dâĂ©puration de Cabourg, conduit par la CommunautĂ© de communes de lâestuaire de la Dives (CCED), a commandĂ© la mise en Ćuvre dâun diagnostic archĂ©ologique en raison du caractĂšre sensible de cet espace, particuliĂšrement riche en vestiges archĂ©ologiques, archives sĂ©dimentaires et environnementales. Les tranchĂ©es ouvertes dans le pĂ©rimĂštre actuel de la station et dans la parcelle lim..
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