Variation in air temperature with time of day in alpine screes of the Hengduan Mountains in July.

<p>The temperature was recorded every 30 min on a clear day in July.</p

sj-docx-1-ajr-10.1177_19458924221124363 - Supplemental material for Daphnetin Mitigates Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice by Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-kB Signaling

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ajr-10.1177_19458924221124363 for Daphnetin Mitigates Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice by Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-kB Signaling by Bo Tian, Xin Ma and Rui Jiang in American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy</p

sj-tif-2-ajr-10.1177_19458924221124363 - Supplemental material for Daphnetin Mitigates Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice by Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-kB Signaling

Supplemental material, sj-tif-2-ajr-10.1177_19458924221124363 for Daphnetin Mitigates Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice by Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-kB Signaling by Bo Tian, Xin Ma and Rui Jiang in American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy</p

Balancing heterogeneous assembly line with multi-skilled human-robot collaboration via Adaptive cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm

In human-centred manufacturing, deploying collaborative robots (cobots) is recognized as a promising strategy to enhance the inclusiveness and resilience of production systems. Despite notable progress, current production scheduling methods for human-robot collaboration (HRC) still fail to adequately accommodate workforce heterogeneity, significantly reducing their adoption and implementation. To address this gap, we introduce a novel model for the Assembly Line Worker Integration and Balancing Problem considering Multi-skilled Human-Robot Collaboration (ALWIBP-mHRC). This model aims to optimize task scheduling between semi-skilled workers and cobots, aiming to maximize productivity and minimize costs. It features a multi-skilled human-robot collaboration (mHRC) task assignment scheme that selects the optimal assembly/collaboration mode from seven scenarios, based on specific task requirements and resource-skill availability, thus maximizing resource-skill complementarity. To tackle the complexities of this problem, we propose an adaptive multi-objective cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm (a-MOCC) that incorporates a sub-problem decomposition and decoding framework tailored for ALWIBP-mHRC, enhanced by an adaptive evolutionary strategy based on Q-learning (Q-Coevolution). Experimental tests demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method compared to other established metaheuristic algorithms across various instance sizes, underscoring its effectiveness in enhancing the productivity of production systems for semi-skilled workers. The findings are significant for investment decision-making and resource planning, as they highlight the strategic value of integrating cobots in large-scale heterogeneous workforce production. This work underscores the potential of cobots to mitigate skill gaps in assembly systems, laying the groundwork for future research and industrial strategies focused on enhancing productivity, inclusivity, and adaptability in a dynamically changing labour market.</p

Measurements of Soot Particulate Emissions of Ammonia-Ethylene Flames Using Laser Extinction Method

Ammonia (NH3) has emerged as an attractive carbonless fuel that can be co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To understand the influence of NH3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, the soot formation propensity is experimentally investigated via a laminar diffusion jet flame. A stable ethylene (C2H4) jet flame doped with NH3 at different volume percentages was established for the investigation of soot formation tendency. OH* chemiluminescence imaging revealed the change of flame structure, in which the signals emitted from the heat release region weakened with increasing NH3 addition, while the peak intensity shifted from the flame wings towards flame centerline region. The laser extinction method used to measure the soot volume fraction (SVF) at different heights above the burner, which showed the effect of NH3 on soot suppression is significant, owing to the interaction between N-containing compounds with carbon atoms that result in the reduction of key intermediate products required for the formation of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The effect of soot inhibition appears to be stronger for the low NH3 blend fraction. The chemistry effect of NH3 on soot reduction for C2H4 flame is ascertained by comparing with N2-doped C2H4 flame at the same volume percentage. This work highlights the need for improved understanding of hydrocarbon fuel with NH3 to enable detailed understanding on the soot generation and oxidation process

Levels of PG molecular species in leaves of <i>M. racemosa</i> plants.

<p>The relative change in PG species after introduction of <i>M. racemosa</i> to KM is the percentage value for the difference between the values of AS and KM, divided by the value of AS. An asterisk indicates that the value of KM is significantly different from that of AS (<i>P</i><0.05). Values are means ± standard deviation (<i>n</i> = 4 or 5).</p><p>Levels of PG molecular species in leaves of <i>M. racemosa</i> plants.</p

DBI and acyl chain length of membrane lipids of <i>M. racemosa</i> after its introduction from an alpine habitat to a lowland habitat.

<p>DBI  =  (∑[<i>N</i> × mol% lipid])/100, where <i>N</i> is the number of double bonds in each lipid molecule. ACL was calculated using the following formula: ACL  =  (∑[<i>n</i> × mol% lipid])/100, where n is the number of acyl carbons in each lipid molecule. An asterisk indicates that the value of KM is different from that of AS (<i>P</i>< 0.05). Values are means ± standard deviation (<i>n</i> = 5).</p><p>DBI and acyl chain length of membrane lipids of <i>M. racemosa</i> after its introduction from an alpine habitat to a lowland habitat.</p

Leaf membrane lipid composition in each head group class and lipid ratios of <i>M. racemosa</i> grown in alpine scree (AS) and in Kunming (KM).

<p>The relative change in lipids after introduction of <i>M. racemosa</i> to KM is the percentage value for the difference between the values of AS and KM, divided by the value of AS. An asterisk indicates that the value of KM is different from that of AS (<i>P</i><0.05). Values are means ± standard deviation (<i>n</i> = 4 or 5).</p><p>Leaf membrane lipid composition in each head group class and lipid ratios of <i>M. racemosa</i> grown in alpine scree (AS) and in Kunming (KM).</p

Changes in the molecular species of lysoPLs in <i>Meconopsis racemosa</i> grown in alpine scree (AS) and Kunming (KM).

<p>An asterisk indicates that the value of KM is different from that of AS (<i>P</i><0.05). Values are means ± standard deviation (<i>n</i> = 4 or 5).</p

Measurements of Soot Particulate Emissions of Ammonia-Ethylene Flames Using Laser Extinction Method

Ammonia (NH3) has emerged as an attractive carbonless fuel that can be co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To understand the influence of NH3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, the soot formation propensity is experimentally investigated via a laminar diffusion jet flame. A stable ethylene (C2H4) jet flame doped with NH3 at different volume percentages was established for the investigation of soot formation tendency. OH* chemiluminescence imaging revealed the change of flame structure, in which the signals emitted from the heat release region weakened with increasing NH3 addition, while the peak intensity shifted from the flame wings towards flame centerline region. The laser extinction method used to measure the soot volume fraction (SVF) at different heights above the burner, which showed the effect of NH3 on soot suppression is significant, owing to the interaction between N-containing compounds with carbon atoms that result in the reduction of key intermediate products required for the formation of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The effect of soot inhibition appears to be stronger for the low NH3 blend fraction. The chemistry effect of NH3 on soot reduction for C2H4 flame is ascertained by comparing with N2-doped C2H4 flame at the same volume percentage. This work highlights the need for improved understanding of hydrocarbon fuel with NH3 to enable detailed understanding on the soot generation and oxidation process