Image_1_RETRACTED: A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene, ZNF24, Inhibits the Development of NSCLC by Inhibiting the WNT Signaling Pathway to Induce Cell Senescence.tif

ObjectiveUnderstanding the characteristics of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is of great significance for the development of new targeted treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, this present article is to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of ZFN24 inhibiting the development of NSCLC.MethodsWe performed RT-PCR and Western blotting for evaluating associated RNA and protein expression. CCK8, colony forming and sphere-forming assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and stemness of NSCLC cells. NSCLC cell senescence was examined by β-galactosidase staining assay. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate β-catenin transcriptional activity. The effect of ZNF24 on NSCLC cells in vivo was evaluated by the xenograft tumor experiment.ResultsEctopic expression of ZNF24 significantly inhibited cell viability, colony forming ability, and stemness of NSCLC cells. WNT signaling pathway was inhibited by ZNF24 resulting in NSCLC cell senescence. β-catenin transcriptional activity was significantly inhibited by ZNF24 (P ConclusionZNF24 could notably inhibit the development of NSCLC by inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway.</p

Image_1_A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene, ZNF24, Inhibits the Development of NSCLC by Inhibiting the WNT Signaling Pathway to Induce Cell Senescence.tif

ObjectiveUnderstanding the characteristics of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is of great significance for the development of new targeted treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, this present article is to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of ZFN24 inhibiting the development of NSCLC.MethodsWe performed RT-PCR and Western blotting for evaluating associated RNA and protein expression. CCK8, colony forming and sphere-forming assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and stemness of NSCLC cells. NSCLC cell senescence was examined by β-galactosidase staining assay. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate β-catenin transcriptional activity. The effect of ZNF24 on NSCLC cells in vivo was evaluated by the xenograft tumor experiment.ResultsEctopic expression of ZNF24 significantly inhibited cell viability, colony forming ability, and stemness of NSCLC cells. WNT signaling pathway was inhibited by ZNF24 resulting in NSCLC cell senescence. β-catenin transcriptional activity was significantly inhibited by ZNF24 (P ConclusionZNF24 could notably inhibit the development of NSCLC by inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway.</p

Historic evolution of spatial distance to scientific cooperation in China from 1990 to 2010.

<p>The rectangle represents different spatial levels; the red circle is the farthest point where the cooperation value that exceeds 10% of that year’s maximum value; the red dot is the point whose absolute value equals 1000.</p

[Bmim]PF₆‑Promoted Ligandless Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction of Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates in Water

The Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions of potassium aryltrifluoroborates with aryl bromides in water are promoted by the addition of [bmim]­PF₆ using Pd­(OAc)₂ as a catalyst and Na₂CO₃ as a base under air. The quantity of [bmim]­PF₆ used is crucial to the efficiency of the catalytic system. A wide range of biaryls and polyaryls can be easily prepared in good to excellent yields

The Effect of Geographical Proximity on Scientific Cooperation among Chinese Cities from 1990 to 2010

<div><p>Background</p><p>The relations between geographical proximity and spatial distance constitute a popular topic of concern. Thus, how geographical proximity affects scientific cooperation, and whether geographically proximate scientific cooperation activities in fact exhibit geographic scale features should be investigated.</p><p>Methodology</p><p>Selected statistics from the ISI database on cooperatively authored papers, the authors of which resided in 60 typical cites in China, and which were published in the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010, were used to establish matrices of geographic distance and cooperation levels between cities. By constructing a distance-cooperation model, the degree of scientific cooperation based on spatial distance was calculated. The relationship between geographical proximity and scientific cooperation, as well as changes in that relationship, was explored using the fitting function.</p><p>Result</p><p>(1) Instead of declining, the role of geographical proximity in inter-city scientific cooperation has increased gradually but significantly with the popularization of telecommunication technologies; (2) the relationship between geographical proximity and scientific cooperation has not followed a perfect declining curve, and at certain spatial scales, the distance-decay regularity does not work; (3) the Chinese scientific cooperation network gathers around different regional center cities, showing a trend towards a regional network; within this cooperation network the amount of inter-city cooperation occurring at close range increased greatly.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The relationship between inter-city geographical distance and scientific cooperation has been enhanced and strengthened over time.</p></div

Hybrid Nanoscale Vesicles of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-Based Star Block Copolymers for Thermal Insulation Applications

Organic–inorganic hybrid vesicles of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based star block copolymer of poly­(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-polystyrene [POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8] were synthesized by polymerization-induced self-assembly via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization employing a POSS-based macromolecular chain transfer agent. The average diameter, the membrane thickness, and the cavity volume fraction of the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles are 212 nm, 21 nm, and 52%, respectively. The POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles exhibit good thermal stability and have 12% higher Young’s modulus than the vesicles of linear block copolymer counterparts. Due to the high mechanical strength, the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles can keep structural integrity in the dried state. The coating of the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles is prepared by casting the dispersion of the star block copolymer vesicles at room temperature, and then, its application as a thermal insulation coating is investigated. It is found that the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles can be used as qualified thermal insulation materials with the thermal conductivity as low as 0.131 W/m·K

The increments of inter-city scientific cooperation within different spatial distances.

<p>The increments of inter-city scientific cooperation within different spatial distances.</p

Evolution of scientific cooperation network among 60 Chinese cities from 1990 to 2010.

<p>The line between the city nodes suggests the degree of scientific cooperation.</p

Table1_Prognostic Value of Glasgow Prognostic Score in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.xlsx

Background: Systemic inflammation is a key factor in tumor growth. The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) has a certain value in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer. However, these results still do not have a unified direction.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between GPS and the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We set patients as follows: GPS = 0 vs. GPS = 1 or 2, GPS = 0 vs. GPS = 1, GPS = 0 vs. GPS = 2. We collected the hazard ratio (HR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: A total of 21 studies were included, involving 7333 patients. We observed a significant correlation with GPS and poor OS in NSCLC patients (HRGPS=0 vs. GPS=1 or 2 = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.27–2.07, p ≤ .001; HRGPS=0 vs GPS=1 = 2.14, 95% CI:1.31–3.49, p ≤ .001; HRGPS=0 vs. GPS=2 = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.45–4.82, p ≤ .001). Moreover, we made a subgroup analysis of surgery and stage. The results showed that when divided into GPS = 0 group and GPS = 1 or 2 group, the effect of high GPS on OS was more obvious in surgery (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.08–2.97, p = .024). When GPS was divided into two groups (GPS = 0 and GPS = 1 or 2), the III-IV stage, higher GPS is associated with poor OS (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.43–2.09, p ≤ .001). In the comparison of GPS = 0 and GPS = 1 group (HR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.05–2.31, p = .026) and the grouping of GPS = 0 and GPS = 2(HR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.17–4.26, p = .015), we came to the same conclusion.Conclusion: For patients with NSCLC, higher GPS is associated with poor prognosis, and GPS may be a reliable prognostic indicator. The decrease of GPS after pretreatment may be an effective way to improve the prognosis of NSCLC.</p

Comparison of city networks centrality in different years (Degree centrality and betweenness centrality).

<p>Note:Local Centrality (C<i>_ad</i>) measures the ability of a city to carry out scientific cooperation with other cities, using the following formula:</p><p></p><p>(1)</p>where <i>R_ai</i> is the intercity network connectivity degree between city a and city i.<p></p>(1)<p>Betweenness Centrality (C<i>_ab</i>) was used to measure the controlling degree of a city on scientific knowledge. Its expression is as follows:</p><p></p><p>(2)</p><p></p>(2)<p>where G<i>_jk</i> indicates the number of geodesic paths between city <i>j</i> and city <i>k</i>; G<i>_jk</i>(<i>a</i>) describes the number of geodesic paths between city <i>j</i> and city <i>k</i>, which pass city <i>a</i>. The geodesic path is the strongest connective path between two cities.</p><p>Comparison of city networks centrality in different years (Degree centrality and betweenness centrality).</p