DataSheet1_Electrochemical Performance of MnO2/Graphene Flower-like Microspheres Prepared by Thermally-Exfoliated Graphite.docx

To enhance the electrochemical performance of MnO2/graphene composite, herein, thermally-exfoliated graphite (TE-G) is adopted as a raw material, and a hydrothermal reaction is conducted to achieve the exfoliation of TE-G and the loading of MnO2 nanosheets. Through optimizing the TE-G/KMnO4 ratio in the redox reaction between carbon and KMnO4, flower-like MnO2/G microspheres (MnO2/G-10) are obtained with 83.2% MnO2 and 16.8% residual graphene. Meanwhile, corresponding MnO2/rGO composites are prepared by using rGO as raw materials. Serving as a working electrode in a three-electrode system, MnO2/G-10 composite displays a specific capacitance of 500 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, outstanding rate performance, and capacitance retention of 85.3% for 5,000 cycles. The performance is much better than that of optimized MnO2/rGO composite. We ascribe this to the high carbon fraction in TE-G resulting in a high fraction of MnO2 in composite, and the oxygen-containing groups in rGO reduce the resulting MnO2 fraction in the composite. The superior electrochemical performance of MnO2/G-10 is dependent on the hierarchical porous structure constructed by MnO2 nanosheet arrays and the residual graphene layer in the composite. In addition, a supercapacitor assembled by TE-G negative electrode and MnO2/G positive electrode also exhibits superior performance. In consideration of the low cost of raw materials, the MnO2/G composite exhibits great application potential in the field of supercapacitors.</p

One new triterpenoids from <i>Momordica charantia</i> L

Momordica charantia L. (M. charantia) is an annual climbing herb in Cucurbitaceae. It is not only a food, but also a drug with a long history of application. This study aims to isolate and identify the chemical constituents form M. charantia and evaluate their inhibiting effect on Hcy-induced proliferation of VSMCs. Silica column chromatography, ODS silica column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC were used to obtain one new compound (1). The inhibition on Hcy-induced proliferation of VSMCs 1 was tested through MTT method. As a result, 1 could partially rescue Hcy-induced proliferation of VSMCs at both 5 and 25 μM.</p

Sample characteristics (n = 376).

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

Discriminant validity.

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

Convergent validity.

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

Criterion correlation validity.

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

Factor loadings of the C-GCPS- R.

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

Model fit statistics for the C-GCPS- R.

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

S1 Data -

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants’ work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain.</div

The results of the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using impact work as a standard.

The results of the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using impact work as a standard.</p