Aspects of topological actions on the lattice

We consider a lattice action which forbids large fields, and which remains invariant under smooth deformations of the field. Such a "topological" action depends on one parameter, the field cutoff, but does not have a classical continuum limit as this cutoff approaches zero. We study the properties of such an action in 4d compact U(1) lattice gauge theory, and compare them with those of the Wilson action. In both cases, we find a weakly first-order transition separating a confining phase where monopoles condense, and a Coulomb phase where monopoles are exponentially suppressed. We also find a different, critical value of the field cutoff where monopoles completely disappear. Finally, we show that a topological action simplifies the measurement of the free energy.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figures, talk presented at LATTICE 2015. V2: one reference adde

Deformations of infrared-conformal theories in two dimensions

We study two exactly solvable two-dimensional conformal models, the critical Ising model and the Sommerfield model, on the lattice. We show that finite-size effects are important and depend on the aspect ratio of the lattice. In particular, we demonstrate how to obtain the correct massless behavior from an infinite tower of finite-size-induced masses and show that it is necessary to first take the cylindrical geometry limit in order to get correct results. In the Sommerfield model we also introduce a mass deformation to measure the mass anomalous dimension, $\gamma_m$. We find that the explicit scale breaking of the lattice setup induces corrections which must be taken into account in order to reproduce $\gamma_m$ at the infrared fixed point. These results can be used to improve the methodology in the search for the conformal window in QCD-like theories with many flavors.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Talk presented at the 32nd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2014), 23-28 June, 2014, Columbia University, New York, N

Scale hierarchy in high-temperature QCD

Because of asymptotic freedom, QCD becomes weakly interacting at high temperature: this is the reason for the transition to a deconfined phase in Yang-Mills theory at temperature $T_c$. At high temperature $T \gg T_c$, the smallness of the running coupling $g$ induces a hierachy betwen the "hard", "soft" and "ultrasoft" energy scales $T$, $g T$ and $g^2 T$. This hierarchy allows for a very successful effective treatment where the "hard" and the "soft" modes are successively integrated out. However, it is not clear how high a temperature is necessary to achieve such a scale hierarchy. By numerical simulations, we show that the required temperatures are extremely high. Thus, the quantitative success of the effective theory down to temperatures of a few $T_c$ appears surprising a posteriori.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures. Talk presented at 31st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE 2013), July 29 - August 3, 2013, Mainz, German

Higgs-Yukawa model with higher dimension operators via extended mean field theory

Using extended mean field theory (EMFT) on the lattice, we study properties of the Higgs-Yukawa model as an approximation of the standard model Higgs sector, and the effect of higher dimension operators. We note that the discussion of vacuum stability is completely modified in the presence of a $\phi^6$ term, and that the Higgs mass no longer appears fine tuned. We also study the finite temperature transition. Without higher dimension operators the transition is found to be second order (crossover with gauge fields) for the experimental value of the Higgs mass $M_h=125$ GeV. By taking a $\phi^6$ interaction in the Higgs potential as a proxy for a UV completion of the standard model, the transition becomes stronger and turns first order if the scale of new physics, i.e. the mass of the lightest mediator particle, is around $1.5$ TeV. This implies that electroweak baryogenesis may be viable in models which introduce new particles around that scale.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, v2: Improved discussion and added table, made to match published versio

Gauge-invariant signatures of spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking by the Hosotani mechanism

The Hosotani mechanism claims to achieve gauge-symmetry breaking, for instance $SU(3) \to SU(2)\times U(1)$. To verify this claim, we propose to monitor the stability of a topological defect stable under a gauge subgroup but not under the whole gauge group, like a $U(1)$ flux state or monopole in the case above. We use gauge invariant operators to probe the presence of the topological defect to avoid any ambiguity introduced by gauge fixing. Our method also applies to an ordinary gauge-Higgs system.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, talk presented at the 32nd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2014), 23 - 28 June, 2014, Columbia University New York, N

Mean distribution approach to spin and gauge theories

We formulate self-consistency equations for the distribution of links in spin models and of plaquettes in gauge theories. This improves upon known mean-field, mean-link, and mean-plaquette approximations in such that we self-consistently determine all moments of the considered variable instead of just the first. We give examples in both Abelian and non-Abelian cases.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

Effects of higher dimension operators on the Standard Model Higgs sector

We study the effect of higher dimension operators on the electroweak finite temperature phase transition in two sectors of the Standard Model. Firstly, the Higgs-Yukawa sector, consisting of the Higgs doublet and the massive Standard Model fermions, is studied with an approximate method, Extended Mean Field Theory. Secondly, the gauge-Higgs sector, consisting of the Higgs doublet and the gauge fields of the weak interaction, is studied using Monte Carlo simulations. In both cases we find that a cutoff scale of around 1.5 TeV is needed to make the electroweak phase transition first order at the experimental value of the Higgs boson mass, which is a requirement for making electroweak baryogenesis viable.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures, Proceedings for the 33rd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory 14 -18 July 2015 Kobe International Conference Center, Kobe, Japan; v2 Reference adde

Sampling of General Correlators in Worm Algorithm-based Simulations

Using the complex $\phi^4$-model as a prototype for a system which is simulated by a worm algorithm, we show that not only the charged correlator $$, but also more general correlators such as$$ or $$, as well as condensates like$$, can be measured at every step of the Monte Carlo evolution of the worm instead of on closed-worm configurations only. The method generalizes straightforwardly to other systems simulated by worms, such as spin or sigma models.Comment: 43 pages, 15 figure

Oscillating propagators in heavy-dense QCD

Using Monte Carlo simulations and extended mean field theory calculations we show that the $3$-dimensional $Z_3$ spin model with complex external fields has non-monotonic spatial correlators in some regions of its parameter space. This model serves as a proxy for heavy-dense QCD in $(3+1)$ dimensions. Non-monotonic spatial correlators are intrinsically related to a complex mass spectrum and a liquid-like (or crystalline) behavior. A liquid phase could have implications for heavy-ion experiments, where it could leave detectable signals in the spatial correlations of baryons.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, updated to match published versio

Extended mean field study of complex φ4-theory at finite density and temperature

We review the extended mean field theory (EMFT) approximation and apply it to complex, scalar φ4 theory on the lattice. We study the critical properties of the Bose condensation driven by a nonzero chemical potential μ at both zero and nonzero temperature and determine the (T,μ) phase diagram. The results are in very good agreement with recent Monte Carlo data for all parameter values considered. EMFT can be formulated directly in the thermodynamic limit which allows us to study lattice spacings for which Monte Carlo studies are not feasible with present techniques. We find that the EMFT approximation accurately reproduces many known phenomena of the exact solution, like the “Silver Blaze” behavior at zero temperature and dimensional reduction at finite temperature