Definition of the Subfamily Hedobiinae Based on Larval Characteristics (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)

Recently, Espanol (1968, 1970) redefined the subfamily Hedobiinae and, using the anatomy of adults, presented a key to separate the eight genera which form it. He also introduced some notable modifications, among them the inclusion of Ptilineurus and Clada in the subfamily and the elevation of Ptinomorphus Mulsant and Rey to generic rank. The latter genus includes, among others, the species P. imperialis Linnaeus and regalis Duftschmid, from Europe and P. granosus LeConte and angularus Fall from the United States of America

Epidemiological, clinical and genomic snapshot of the first 100 B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 cases in Madrid

A new SARS-CoV-2 variant, B.1.1.7, emerged in September in the UK, and is responsible for 76.6% of COVID-19 cases.1 This variant has also been reported in another 45 countries, 17 of them European.2,3 B.1.1.7 is considered to have higher transmissibility.4 It carries an unusually high number of specific mutations/deletions, 18, mostly non-synonymous and eight concentrate in the S gene,5 including several which might have relevant functional roles. The 69/70 deletion may be associated to immune response evasion6 and the N501Y substitution increases the affinity to the ACE2 receptor.7 These findings have raised the alarm of having to face a new variant with the potential to accelerate the spread of the pandemic. A recent report finds a realistic possibility that B.1.1.7 is associated with an increased risk of death.This work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Ref COV20/00140: SeqCOVID—Consorcio para la epidemiología genómica de SARS-CoV-2 en España) and by Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) (PTI Salud Global). LPL holds a Miguel Servet Contract CP15/00075).Peer reviewe

Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020

[EN] Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3,4,5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant’s success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes.S

Revisión del género Brachyderes Schönherr, con especial referencia al estudio de su edeago y a su distribución geográfica dentro de la Península Ibérica (Col. Curculionidae)

Al estudiar, para su determinación y consiguiente ordenación, el material de Brachyderes Schönherr del Instituto Español de Entomología, he llegado a la conclusión de que la morfología externa es de tal variabilidad dentro de cada especie, dentro de una relativa homogeneidad en el género, que es de poca utilidad para distinguir algunas de las especies. El trabajo más moderno: y también el más útil al respecto es el de Hoffmann (1963). Incluso la clave propuesta por este autor es a veces insuficiente para la determinación específica, con el agravante de que padece algún error en la sistemática de que haré mención en los apartados correspondientes a las especies implicadas (lineolatus Fairm., ketamensis Ant.), y de que los dibujos de los edeagos son excesivamente diagramäticos y de poca precisión. Y ello es más de lamentar, pues, como muy bien dice el autor : "El órgano copulador de Brachyderes es muy variable y constituye un excelente criterio para su separación específica". (Hoffmann, 1. c. : 286). Así, pues, he basado la sistemática de este género casi exclusivamente en el estudio de su edeago. Desisto, en consecuencia, de intentar mejorar la clave de separación de especies dada por Hoffmann, que considero aceptable (con las salvedades expuestas anteriormente), aun cuando de poca utilidad, en ocasiones, por las razones apuntadas más arriba. Creo que, al menos, los dibujos de edeagos que adjunto son de gran claridad y srvirán para diferenciar fácilmente las especies estudiadas. (Todas las de la Península Ibérica y Africa continental más sculpturatus Woll. de Canarias.)Peer reviewe

Observations on the relationships of the genera Circaeus Yablok. and Mycterus Clairv. with a description of the presumed larva of Myclerus (Col. Heteromera)

A new family Circaeidae was proposed by Yablokoff-Khnzorian (1960) to accomodate the genus Circaeus, described by him from Baltic Amber fossils in the collection of the Palaeontological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Yablokoff considered the relationships of his new genus (and family) to be somewhat problematic, but suggested for it a position more or less intermediate between Colydiidae and Mycetophagidae.Peer reviewe

PIXE/RBS as a tool to study cementitious materials: Application to the dynamic leaching of concrete

[EN] The suitability of the application of Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) techniques such as Particle Induced X-ray Emission spectrometry (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) to elemental depth profiling in concrete is analysed, studying hardened samples of concrete prior to and after a dynamic leaching test. A calibration of the data has been done by comparing the results obtained by IBA techniques with those obtained by Chemical and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTA). From PIXE and RBS data relevant information about the migration of minor elements, within the concrete matrix after leaching is obtained.Peer reviewe

Epidemiological, clinical and genomic snapshot of the first 100 B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 cases in Madrid

We present clinical, genomic and epidemiological data on the first 106 cases with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant in Madrid. Even from the start, the increase of this variant was due to transmission events within the community, some causing extensive clusters, rather than further imports. Most cases developed non-severe disease.</jats:p

A model to study the organizational culture of the family firm

Family firm, Group dynamics, Learning theory, Neoinstitutionalism, Organizational culture, Transformational leadership, Values, D21, D23, L26,