On the Application of Game in Primary School English Teaching

In our country, English teaching has always played an important role in primary school, middle school and even higher education. Especially in primary school, it is essential to cultivate students’ basic English literacy so as to lay a solid foundation for students’ English learning in the future. However, there are many problems in the process of English teaching in primary schools. A dramatic shift in the traditional notion of primary English teaching, especially the English teaching method, is unavoidable. Additionally, it is sensible to put game into practice. Based on the analysis of current problems existing in primary English teaching as well as its negative effects from the outset, this paper demonstrated the advantages and disadvantages of games in English teaching. It also studied the effective use of games in primary English classes. By adopting the ways of literature research, exploratory research and cases study, this paper provided more options and inspirations for English learners. What’s more, the student’s learning effort and interests will be driven by both game application and proper teaching methodology

Diagnosing Human-object Interaction Detectors

Although we have witnessed significant progress in human-object interaction (HOI) detection with increasingly high mAP (mean Average Precision), a single mAP score is too concise to obtain an informative summary of a model's performance and to understand why one approach is better than another. In this paper, we introduce a diagnosis toolbox for analyzing the error sources of the existing HOI detection models. We first conduct holistic investigations in the pipeline of HOI detection, consisting of human-object pair detection and then interaction classification. We define a set of errors and the oracles to fix each of them. By measuring the mAP improvement obtained from fixing an error using its oracle, we can have a detailed analysis of the significance of different errors. We then delve into the human-object detection and interaction classification, respectively, and check the model's behavior. For the first detection task, we investigate both recall and precision, measuring the coverage of ground-truth human-object pairs as well as the noisiness level in the detections. For the second classification task, we compute mAP for interaction classification only, without considering the detection scores. We also measure the performance of the models in differentiating human-object pairs with and without actual interactions using the AP (Average Precision) score. Our toolbox is applicable for different methods across different datasets and available at https://github.com/neu-vi/Diag-HOI

Design Principle and Development Trends of Silicon-Based Anode Binders for Lithium-ion Batteries: A Mini Review

Abstract: Silicon (Si), recognized as a promising alternative material for the anodes of lithium-ion batteries, boasts a high theoretical specific capacity and abundant natural availability. During the preparation of silicon-based anodes, binders play a pivotal role in ensuring the cohesion of silicon particles, conductive agents, and current collectors. The structure and performance of these binders are critical for the mechanical stability, electrical conductivity, and stress dissipation capacity of the anodes. This review initially outlines the structural characteristics of various binders, including linear, branched, and three-dimensional cross-linked types. It then delves into the relationship between the structure and properties of these binders in the context of their application in high-performance lithium-ion batteries, focusing on their mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and self-healing capabilities. Particular attention is given to the design strategies for binders that facilitate stress dissipation, with an emphasis on integrating multifunctional polymer binders renowned for their superior conductive and self-healing features. Such binders contribute to the formation of a robust three-dimensional network structure via multiple bonding mechanisms, including chemical, non-covalent, and coordination interactions. This configuration significantly enhances the adhesion between silicon particles, thereby facilitating the efficient dissipation of stress, which is a key aspect for ensuring the long-term cycling stability of lithium-ion batteries. Lastly, the paper explores future development directions for silicon anode binders, advocating for a thorough investigation into the synergy of diverse structural and functional combinations, with the aim of advancing the performance and practical application of silicon-based lithium-ion batteries

Spatiotemporal Distribution of CO in the UTLS Region in the Asian Summer Monsoon Season: Analysis of MLS Observations and CMIP6 Simulations

In this study, CO is used as a tracer to evaluate the chemical field related to the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone (ASMA) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) region simulated by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) climate models from a multi-spatiotemporal perspective. The results show that the simulations of the six selected CMIP6 global climate models are well correlated with the MLS observations, while each model has its own advantages and disadvantages in the simulation of the ASMA and related chemical and geopotential height fields. Compared with MLS data, all six CMIP6 models can reasonably simulate the high CO values and the corresponding anticyclone, although certain biases exist in the simulations. Each model output has certain degrees of deviation in the simulation of the ASMA center position. In terms of time series, the six CMIP6 global models all exhibit an interannual variation CO mixing ratio over the ASM region while the interannual variation features are different from that in MLS. In general, it is impossible to identify a single determined model that can well reproduce the observations. In future work to assess the development trend and location of the ASMA, simulations of CESM2-WACCM and GFDL-ESM4 might be used due to their better performance than other models

A 12-Step Asynchronous PWM Scheme for High-Speed Brushless DC Drives With Commutation Compensation

The 150 ∘ mode 12-step control (150-TSC) is suitable for high-speed drives since it can generate a quasi-sinusoidal current waveform compared with the conventional 120 ∘ mode six-step control. However, for high-speed brushless direct current drives, the relatively large commutation angle of 150-TSC will cause a noticeable phase delay error. Additionally, the low switch-to-fundamental ratio will cause significant pulsewidth modulation (PWM) delay, which leads to large current oscillation and ripple. In this article, an asynchronous PWM scheme is proposed for 150-TSC to eliminate PWM delays. A phase delay error compensation method based on stator current is further proposed. The optimal phase advance angle is generated for minimum stator current magnitude with the help of the gradient descent optimization algorithm. A quasi-sinusoidal phase current can be achieved and the current harmonics can be reduced. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by experimental results

Scaffold Tailoring by a Newly Detected Pictet–Spenglerase Activity of Strictosidine Synthase: From the Common Tryptoline Skeleton to the Rare Piperazino-indole Framework

The Pictet–Spenglerase strictosidine synthase (STR1) has been recognized as a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of some 2000 indole alkaloids in plants, some with high therapeutic value. In this study, a novel function of STR1 has been detected which allows for the first time a simple enzymatic synthesis of the strictosidine analogue <b>3</b> harboring the piperazino­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­indole (PI) scaffold and to switch from the common tryptoline (hydrogenated carboline) to the rare PI skeleton. Insight into the reaction is provided by X-ray crystal analysis and modeling of STR1 ligand complexes. STR1 presently provides exclusively access to <b>3</b> and can act as a source to generate by chemoenzymatic approaches libraries of this novel class of alkaloids which may have new biological activities. Synthetic or natural monoterpenoid alkaloids with the PI core have not been reported before