Table_2_Case report: Rare case of multinodular and vacuolar neuronal tumors in the cerebellum.DOCX

Multinodular and vacuolar neuronal tumor (MVNT) is a rare and benign neuroepithelial tumor. Most reports describe tumors located in the cerebral hemisphere. A literature review found that 15 cases were located in the posterior cranial fossa, but all lacked pathological evidence. In this case, a patient sought medical attention due to insomnia and irritability. Neuroepithelial tumors were found in the imaging, and the patient underwent radiation therapy. Three years later, malignant tumors were found upon imaging examination. After surgical resection and pathological testing, MVNT occurring in the cerebellum was diagnosed. MVNT is rare in the cerebellum, and direct imaging diagnosis becomes difficult after treatment. Therefore, our report of this case helps to further accurate understanding of the imaging, pathological, and molecular genetic changes occurring before and after MVNT treatment, and will improve the accuracy of pre-treatment diagnosis and reduce the likelihood of overtreatment.</p

Table_1_Case report: Rare case of multinodular and vacuolar neuronal tumors in the cerebellum.DOCX

Multinodular and vacuolar neuronal tumor (MVNT) is a rare and benign neuroepithelial tumor. Most reports describe tumors located in the cerebral hemisphere. A literature review found that 15 cases were located in the posterior cranial fossa, but all lacked pathological evidence. In this case, a patient sought medical attention due to insomnia and irritability. Neuroepithelial tumors were found in the imaging, and the patient underwent radiation therapy. Three years later, malignant tumors were found upon imaging examination. After surgical resection and pathological testing, MVNT occurring in the cerebellum was diagnosed. MVNT is rare in the cerebellum, and direct imaging diagnosis becomes difficult after treatment. Therefore, our report of this case helps to further accurate understanding of the imaging, pathological, and molecular genetic changes occurring before and after MVNT treatment, and will improve the accuracy of pre-treatment diagnosis and reduce the likelihood of overtreatment.</p

Table_3_Case report: Rare case of multinodular and vacuolar neuronal tumors in the cerebellum.DOCX

Multinodular and vacuolar neuronal tumor (MVNT) is a rare and benign neuroepithelial tumor. Most reports describe tumors located in the cerebral hemisphere. A literature review found that 15 cases were located in the posterior cranial fossa, but all lacked pathological evidence. In this case, a patient sought medical attention due to insomnia and irritability. Neuroepithelial tumors were found in the imaging, and the patient underwent radiation therapy. Three years later, malignant tumors were found upon imaging examination. After surgical resection and pathological testing, MVNT occurring in the cerebellum was diagnosed. MVNT is rare in the cerebellum, and direct imaging diagnosis becomes difficult after treatment. Therefore, our report of this case helps to further accurate understanding of the imaging, pathological, and molecular genetic changes occurring before and after MVNT treatment, and will improve the accuracy of pre-treatment diagnosis and reduce the likelihood of overtreatment.</p

The raw data reports generated by the measuring instruments during the experiment are presented in the worksheet in support Information 1, which details the raw data under each test target.

The original data measured and calculated during the experiment were made into tables named after the experiment content and presented in supporting Information 2. Details of the data designed in all experiments can be found in the supporting documentation. (XLSX)</p

Fig 5 -

The catalytic capacity of free PGA (A) and immobilized PGA (B) at different temperatures, the effects of different pH on the activity of free PGA (C) and immobilized PGA (D).</p

Fig 6 -

Thermal stability of free PGA (A) and immobilized PGA (B).</p

The material preparation and immobilization process.

The material preparation and immobilization process.</p

Fig 7 -

The Michaelis constant of free and immobilized PGA (A), and the Repetitive availability of immobilized PGA (B).</p

Molecular-Weight-Fractionation Characteristics and Coagulation Behaviors of Biorecalcitrant Dissolved Organic Matter and Colorants in Cassava Distillery Wastewater

The biorecalcitrant dissolved organic matter (DOM) and colorants in biochemically treated effluent, known for their complex and indefinite composition, are drawing increasing environmental concern in the distillery industry. The current study focuses on the evaluation of the hard DOM and colorants based on their molecular weight fractionation, which facilitates the colorant identification and the mechanism exploration in the subsequent coagulation process. It was found that the DOM was distributed most in the molecular weight (MW) range of 1–5 kDa and least in the MW range below 1 kDa; the fluorescent components in the biochemically treated distillery wastewater mainly distributed in low MW (<5 kDa, 73%). As the primary cassava-based biorecalcitrant colorants, the colorants with MWs of 1–5 kDa were probably lignin breakdown products with aromaticity. In the coagulation process, the MW of DOM was among the most significant factors influencing the floc size which decreased with the MW reduction

S1 File -

With the emergence of penicillin resistance, the development of novel antibiotics has become an urgent necessity. Semi-synthetic penicillin has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional penicillin. The demand for the crucial intermediate, 6-aminopicillanic acid (6-APA), is on the rise. Enzyme catalysis is the primary method employed for its production. However, due to certain limitations, the strategy of enzyme immobilization has also gained prominence. The magnetic Ni0.4Cu0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a rapid-combustion method. Sodium silicate was used to modify the surface of the Ni0.4Cu0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles to obtain silica-coated nanoparticles (Ni0.4Cu0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4-SiO2). Subsequently, in order to better crosslink PGA, the nanoparticles were modified again with glutaraldehyde to obtain glutaraldehyde crosslinked Ni0.4Cu0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4-SiO2-GA nanoparticles which could immobilize the PGA. The structure of the PGA protein was analyzed by the PyMol program and the immobilization strategy was determined. The conditions of PGA immobilization were investigated, including immobilization time and PGA concentration. Finally, the enzymological properties of the immobilized and free PGA were compared. The optimum catalytic pH of immobilized and free PGA was 8.0, and the optimum catalytic temperature of immobilized PGA was 50°C, 5°C higher than that of free PGA. Immobilized PGA in a certain pH and temperature range showed better catalytic stability. Vmax and Km of immobilized PGA were 0.3727 μmol·min-1 and 0.0436 mol·L-1, and the corresponding free PGA were 0.7325 μmol·min-1 and 0.0227 mol·L-1. After five cycles, the immobilized enzyme activity was still higher than 25%.</div