Double Duty Synthons in Epoxide Synthesis and Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Heterocyclizations

The concept of double duty presumes incorporation of two traditionally distinctly reacting parts of a chemical into one transformation. The first example of the double duty reactivity was demonstrated by using haloalkynes as a combination of both acetylide and electrophilic halogen in highly efficient transformations of ketones into density substituted alkynyl epoxides. During the course of research, we were able to demonstrate the double duty reactivity of cyanogen bromide and bromopolyfluoroarenes in highly efficient transformations of enolizable ketones into densely substituted epoxides via an electrophilic α-bromination/nucleophilic addition/nucleophilic substitution cascade reaction. This method allows for synthesis of valuable divergently substituted epoxides. C2-substituted indolizines, particularly those possessing electron-withdrawing groups, are interesting synthetic targets with great potential for biological activity study. However, there are no efficient and general approaches toward these molecules. We successfully developed the palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 2-aroyl indolizines from aryl iodides and readily available propargyl pyridines under carbon monoxide atmosphere. This general method allows for efficient synthesis of divergently substituted 2-aroyl indolizines under benign reaction conditions

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Cyclization/Arylation Cascade for 2‑Aroylindolizine Synthesis

An efficient synthesis of densely substituted 2-aroylindolizines via the palladium-catalyzed carbonylative cyclization/arylation is reported. This transformation proceeds via the <i>5-endo-dig</i> cyclization of 2-propargylpyridine triggered by an aroyl Pd complex. It produced diversely substituted 2-aroylindolizines in good to excellent yields

Raw data (2011–2019).

Enhancing the level of coupling coordination between the digital economy (DIE) and carbon emission efficiency (CEE) is not only an inevitable choice for achieving the goals of energy conservation and emission reduction and promoting green development in China, but also a key path to implementing China’s “Double Carbon” strategy. Based on the relevant statistical data of 30 provincial-level regions in China from the period covering 2011 to 2019, this paper empirically analyzed the coupling coordination between the DIE and CEE and its influencing factors. In this study, an improved coupling coordination degree (CCD) model was used to evaluate the degree of the coupling and coordinated development of the DIE and CEE in provincial regions of China. Finally, based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was employed to identify the realization path of the coupling and coordinated development of the DIE and CEE from the perspective of configuration. The results demonstrated that the coupling coordination between the DIE and CCE in China demonstrated a gradual upward trend, and exhibited regional differences, showing a decreasing trend of east > middle > west. Regarding the influencing factors, no single influencing factor could act as a necessary condition for the high CCD, the coupling and coordinated development of the DIE and CEE is a multifactorial synergy. There were five paths for the high degree of coupling coordination between the DIE and CEE, which were divided into three types: organization-environment-led type, environment-led type, and technology-organization-led type. Furthermore, technological innovation level and industrial structure could substitute for one another in some conditions, and environmental regulation and economic development level were synchronized. These conclusions provide a theoretical basis for countries to formulate policies to promote the coupling and coordinated development of their DIE and CEE.</div

Evaluation standard for CCD classification.

Enhancing the level of coupling coordination between the digital economy (DIE) and carbon emission efficiency (CEE) is not only an inevitable choice for achieving the goals of energy conservation and emission reduction and promoting green development in China, but also a key path to implementing China’s “Double Carbon” strategy. Based on the relevant statistical data of 30 provincial-level regions in China from the period covering 2011 to 2019, this paper empirically analyzed the coupling coordination between the DIE and CEE and its influencing factors. In this study, an improved coupling coordination degree (CCD) model was used to evaluate the degree of the coupling and coordinated development of the DIE and CEE in provincial regions of China. Finally, based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was employed to identify the realization path of the coupling and coordinated development of the DIE and CEE from the perspective of configuration. The results demonstrated that the coupling coordination between the DIE and CCE in China demonstrated a gradual upward trend, and exhibited regional differences, showing a decreasing trend of east > middle > west. Regarding the influencing factors, no single influencing factor could act as a necessary condition for the high CCD, the coupling and coordinated development of the DIE and CEE is a multifactorial synergy. There were five paths for the high degree of coupling coordination between the DIE and CEE, which were divided into three types: organization-environment-led type, environment-led type, and technology-organization-led type. Furthermore, technological innovation level and industrial structure could substitute for one another in some conditions, and environmental regulation and economic development level were synchronized. These conclusions provide a theoretical basis for countries to formulate policies to promote the coupling and coordinated development of their DIE and CEE.</div

Universal spin-resolved thermal radiation laws for nonreciprocal bianisotropic media

A chiral absorber of light can emit spin-polarized (circularly polarized) thermal radiation based on Kirchhoff's law which equates spin-resolved emissivity with spin-resolved absorptivity for reciprocal media at thermal equilibrium. No such law is known for nonreciprocal media. In this work, we discover three spin-resolved Kirchhoff's laws of thermal radiation applicable for both reciprocal and nonreciprocal planar media. In particular, these laws are applicable to multi-layered or composite slabs of generic bianisotropic material classes which include (uniaxial or biaxial) birefringent crystals, (gyrotropic) Weyl semimetals, magnetized semiconductors, plasmas, ferromagnets and ferrites, (magnetoelectric) topological insulators, metamaterials and multiferroic media. We also propose an experiment to verify these laws using a single system of doped Indium Antimonide (InSb) thin film in an external magnetic field. Furthermore, we reveal a surprising result that the planar slabs of all these material classes can emit partially circularly polarized thermal light without requiring any surface patterning, and identify planar configurations which can experience nontrivial thermal optomechanical forces and torques upon thermal emission into the external environment at lower temperature (nonequilibrium). Our work also provides a new fundamental insight of detailed balance of angular momentum (in addition to energy) of equilibrium thermal radiation, and paves the way for practical functionalities based on thermal radiation using nonreciprocal bianisotropic materials

Calibration results and descriptive statistical analysis of each variable.

Calibration results and descriptive statistical analysis of each variable.</p

Comprehensive evaluation indicator system for the DIE and CEE.

Comprehensive evaluation indicator system for the DIE and CEE.</p

LISA clustering map of the CCD of the DIE and CEE in China.

LISA clustering map of the CCD of the DIE and CEE in China.</p

sj-xlsx-2-tct-10.1177_15330338211039678 - Supplemental material for Expression Characteristics and Clinical Correlations of BRD1 in Colorectal Cancer Samples

Supplemental material, sj-xlsx-2-tct-10.1177_15330338211039678 for Expression Characteristics and Clinical Correlations of BRD1 in Colorectal Cancer Samples by Zhou Li, Junjie Wang, Yuzhu Ji and Fangzhou Song in Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment</p

Spatial pattern of the CCD of DIE and CEE in China’s provinces.

Spatial pattern of the CCD of DIE and CEE in China’s provinces.</p