A new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloid from the roots of <i>Aconitum duclouxii</i>

<div><p>A new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloid, ducloudine F (<b>1</b>), was obtained from the roots of <i>Aconitum duclouxii</i>, along with eight known alkaloids (<b>2</b>–<b>9</b>) isolated from this species for the first time. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. The antimicrobial activities of these compounds were investigated.</p></div

A novel sesquiterpene derivative with a seven-membered B ring from <i>Illigera aromatica</i>

<p>A novel sesquiterpene derivative with a seven-membered B ring, illigerine (<b>1</b>), along with four known compounds, 1-<i>epi</i>-chiliophyllin (<b>2</b>), 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol (<b>3</b>), coniferyl alcohol (<b>4</b>) and phenylpropionic acid (<b>5</b>), were isolated from <i>Illigera aromatica</i> S. Z. Huang et S. L. Mo. Their structures were identified by 1D/2D NMR, HRESIMS and electronic circular dichroism spectra and the cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 were also evaluated. This is the first report of sesquiterpene isolated from the genus <i>Illigera</i>.</p

A new C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloid from the lateral roots of <i>Aconitum carmichaeli</i>

<p>A new C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloid carmichaedine (<b>1</b>) and six known alkaloids (<b>2</b>–<b>7</b>) were isolated from the lateral roots of <i>Aconitum carmichaeli</i>. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compound <b>1</b> exhibited potent antibacterial activity against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> with minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 μg/mL.</p

A new phenylpropanoid glucoside and a chain compound from the roots of <i>Allium tuberosum</i>

<p>A new phenylpropanoid glucoside tuberosinine D (<b>1</b>) and a chain compound (<i>Z</i>)-11<i>R</i>,12<i>S</i>,13<i>S</i>-trihydroxy-9-octadecenoate (<b>2</b>) were isolated from the roots of <i>Allium tuberosum</i>. The absolute configuration of <b>1</b> was established by comparing of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism. The absolute configuration of <b>2</b> was determined using the modified Mosher’s method for the first time.</p

A new phenolic compound with antioxidant activity from the branches and leaves of <i>Pyrus pashia</i>

<p>The branches and leaves of <i>Pyrus pashia</i> are used to cure abdominal pain and diarrhoea in Chinese folk medicine. A new phenilic compound, 4-<i>O</i>-β-d-glucopyranosylbenzyl-benzoate ester (<b>1</b>), along with 21 known ones (<b>2–22</b>) were isolated from the branches and leaves of this plant. Compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> displayed remarkable antioxidant activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (IC₅₀ = 13.26 ± 0.04 μM, 13.28 ± 0.11 μM, respectively), which were at the same grade as positive control rutin. The caffeoyl group in compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> was supposed to play an important role in the antioxidant activities.</p

Koninginins R-S from the endophytic fungus <i>Trichoderma koningiopsis</i>

<p>Two new metabolites named koninginins R-S (<b>1</b>–<b>2</b>) were isolated from the culture of <i>Trichoderma koningiopsis</i> YIM PH30002. Their chemical structures were elucidated by the extensive spectroscopic analysis. These isolated compounds showed certain antifungal activities against phytopathogens, <i>Fusarium flocciferum</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>.</p

A new menthane-type monoterpenoid from fermented <i>Illigera aromatica</i> with <i>Clonostachys rogersoniana</i> 828H2

<p>A new menthane-type monoterpenoid, illigerate E (<b>1</b>), as well as two known ones, (1<i>R</i>^*,3<i>R</i>^*,4<i>S</i>^*,6<i>R</i>^*)-6,8-dihydroxymenthol (<b>2</b>) and <i>cis</i>-4-hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one (<b>3</b>), were isolated from fermented <i>Illigera aromatica</i> with <i>Clonostachys rogersoniana</i> 828H2. Their structures were identified by HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR spectra. Their inhibitory effects of NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages were estimated.</p

A new flavone <i>C</i>-glycoside and a new bibenzyl from <i>Bulbophyllum retusiusculum</i>

<p>A new flavone <i>C</i>-glycoside, apigenin 6-<i>C</i>-<i>α</i>-arabinofuranosyl 8-<i>C</i>-<i>α</i>-arabinopyranoside (<b>1</b>) and a new bibenzyl, bulbotetusine (<b>2</b>), were isolated from the tubers of <i>Bulbophyllum retusiusculum</i>. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of <b>2</b> was determined by the comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed no obvious cytotoxic activity against any five human tumour cell lines with IC₅₀ values >40 μM.</p

New bioactive compounds from aquatic endophyte <i>Chaetomium globosum</i>

<p>Two new oxidation products-related aureonitol and cytochalasan were isolated from <i>Chaetomium globosum</i> fermented in Chinese yam (<i>Dioscorea opposita</i>) and determined as 10,11-dihydroxyl- aureonitol (<b>1</b>) and yamchaetoglobosin A (<b>2</b>). Compound <b>2</b> indicated significant inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-activated macrophages, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with the inhibition ratios of 92.5, 38.2% at 50 μM, and cytotoxicity to HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7 and SW480 with the range of inhibition ratio at 51–96% for a concentration of 40 μM. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b> showed weak anticoagulant activity with PT at 16.8 s. Few work was reported on the anti-acetylcholinesterase, and anticoagulant activities of aureonitol, and cytochalasan derivatives. The preliminary structure–activity relationship stated that the oxidation ring-opening in yamchaetoglobosin A can retain the inhibitory effect against NO production and tumor cell.</p