Body mass (mean ± SD) of red knots (<i>Calidris canutus piersmai</i>) captured on different dates.

<p>A total of 486 birds were sampled in 2008–2012 on the coast of the north Yellow Sea during northward migration. The solid line indicates least-square linear regression of total birds and the dashed lines indicate the linear regression of the females (red) and the males (blue).</p

Regression analyses of the relationship between body components and body mass of <i>piersmai</i> red knots.

<p>Fuel deposition models are described with body mass as the independent variable and different body components as dependent variables, including fat mass (A), total lean dry mass (B), lean dry mass of flight muscles (C), gizzard (D), other nutrient organs (E) and leg muscles (F). Each point represents data from an individual bird. Significant regressions are presented with solid lines and insignificant regressions with dashed lines. The regression models were selected according to AIC_c in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0062551#pone.0062551.s001" target="_blank">Table S1</a>. The regression equations are listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0062551#pone.0062551.s003" target="_blank">Table S3</a>.</p

MOESM1 of Population trends, threats, and conservation recommendations for waterbirds in China

Additional file 1: Table S1. Population trends of migratory and resident waterbird species in China. Table S2. Population trends of waterbird species distributed exclusively on coast, inland, and both in China. Table S3. Population trends of threatened waterbird species in China. Data were classified according to residence. Table S4. Population trends of threatened waterbird species distributed exclusively on coast, inland, and both in China

MOESM1 of Springtime migratory restlessness and departure orientation of Great Knots (Calidris tenuirostris) in the south compared to the north Yellow Sea

Additional file 1. Table S1: Model selection for predicting the activity intensity of Great Knots during northward migration at two stopover sites, Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve (CMDT) in the south Yellow Sea and Yalujiang Estuarine Wetland Nature Reserve (YLE) in the north Yellow Sea. Table S2: Comparison of shifted directions of Great Knots grouped by cloud cover, seasonal timing, wind effect, body mass, tide condition, and restlessness at two stopover sites, Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve (CMDT) in the south Yellow Sea and Yalujiang Estuarine Wetland Nature Reserve (YLE) in the north Yellow Sea. Table S3: Comparison of natural directions of Great Knots grouped by cloud cover, seasonal timing, wind effect, body mass, tide condition, and restlessness at two stopover sites, Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve (CMDT) in the south Yellow Sea and Yalujiang Estuarine Wetland Nature Reserve (YLE) in the north Yellow Sea

MOESM1 of Migration departure strategies of shorebirds at a final pre-breeding stopover site

Additional file 1. The test results of flock sizes, departure time and wind benefits

Mouse Transplant Models for Evaluating the Oncogenic Risk of a Self-Inactivating XSCID Lentiviral Vector

<div><p></p><p>Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy requires the use of integrating retroviral vectors in order to stably transmit a therapeutic gene to mature blood cells. Human clinical trials have shown that some vector integration events lead to disrupted regulation of proto-oncogenes resulting in disordered hematopoiesis including T-cell leukemia. Newer vectors have been designed to decrease the incidence of these adverse events but require appropriate pre-clinical assays to demonstrate safety. We have used two distinct mouse serial transplant assays to evaluate the safety of a self-inactivating lentiviral vector intended for use in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID) gene therapy trials. These experiments entailed 28 months of total follow-up and included 386 mice. There were no cases in which the XSCID lentiviral vector clearly caused hematopoietic malignancies, although a single case of B cell malignancy was observed that contained the lentiviral vector as a likely passenger event. In contrast, a SFFV-DsRed γ-retroviral vector resulted in clonal transformation events in multiple secondary recipients. Non-specific pathology not related to vector insertions was noted including T cell leukemias arising from irradiated recipient cells. Overall, this comprehensive study of mouse transplant safety assays demonstrate the relative safety of the XSCID lentiviral vector but also highlight the limitations of these assays.</p></div

Schematic representation of vectors and mouse transplant experiments.

<p>(A) The self-inactivating lentiviral vector for XSCID and three gamma retroviral vectors that were used in this study are shown. The deleted U3 of the HIV-1 LTR was replaced with the 400 bp fragment from chicken beta-globlin insulator element (ΔU3+Ins). The codon optimized human IL2RG cDNA (hγcOPT), the eukaryotic elongation factor 1α promoter (EF1α); the central polypurine tract (cPPT), the Rev response element (RRE) and the psi packaging sequence (Ψ) are also shown. MFG-hγc is the γ- retroviral vector used in XSCID gene therapy trials. A MSCV vector expressing both a human γ_c cDNA and an IRES-GRP cassette is shown. The spleen focus-forming virus backbone expressing the DsRed fluorophore is also shown (SFFV-DsRed). Arrows indicate the transcription start sites for each vector. (B)A schematic design of the transplant experiments is shown. Bone marrow cells from γc^−/− or normal mice were transduced and were transplanted into lethally irradiated primary recipient mice of either of the indicated genotypes. Five to seven months later, transplanted mice were euthanized and bone marrow cells from each primary recipient were transplanted into two or three secondary recipient mice. The endpoints for these transplant groups are summarized.</p

Myeloid immortalization assay.

<p>Myeloid immortalization assay.</p

Recipient origin of T-cell malignancies arising in the secondary recipients of the EF1a group in experiment 2.

<p>Tumor cells derived from the spleen of transplanted mice were analyzed for CD4 and CD8 expression first (top panels). The abnormal CD4⁺ CD8⁺ leukemic cells were then gated and analyzed for CD45.1 (donor) and CD45.2 (recipient) marker expression. Virtually all CD4⁺CD8⁺ cells exclusively expressed CD45.2 and were therefore derived from the irradiated recipient mice.</p

Malignancy incidence in secondary recipient mice in Exp 2 (Donor: CD45.1⁺; Recipient: CD45.2⁺).

*<p>Other death: Mice died or sacrificed before reaching end points, but not due to hematological malignancies.</p>**<p>not definitive in terms of vector presence.</p>***<p>P<0.05.</p><p>VCN: Vector copy number in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 30 weeks.</p