Ostrinia furnacalis and O. nubilalis SSR Xinjiang China

SSR data on Ostrinia furnacalis and O. nubilalis populations in Xinjiang Province, China

Table1_Transcription dynamics of heat shock proteins in response to thermal acclimation in Ostrinia furnacalis.DOCX

Acclimation to abiotic stress plays a critical role in insect adaption and evolution, particularly during extreme climate events. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperones caused by abiotic and biotic stressors. Understanding the relationship between thermal acclimation and the expression of specific HSPs is essential for addressing the functions of HSP families. This study investigated this issue using the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis, one of the most important corn pests in China. The transcription of HSP genes was induced in larvae exposed to 33°C. Thereafter, the larvae were exposed to 43°C, for 2 h, and then allowed to recover at 27 C for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h. At the recovery times 0.5–4 h, most population tolerates less around 1–3 h than without recovery (at 0 h) suffering continuous heat stress (43 C). There is no difference in the heat tolerance at 6 h recovery, with similar transcriptional levels of HSPs as the control. However, a significant thermal tolerance was observed after 8 h of the recovery time, with a higher level of HSP70. In addition, the transcription of HSP60 and HSC70 (heat shock cognate protein 70) genes did not show a significant effect. HSP70 or HSP90 significantly upregulated within 1–2 h sustained heat stress (43 C) but declined at 6 h. Our findings revealed extreme thermal stress induced quick onset of HSP70 or HSP90 transcription. It could be interpreted as an adaptation to the drastic and rapid temperature variation. The thermal tolerance of larvae is significantly enhanced after 6 h of recovery and possibly regulated by HSP70.</p

Toxicity of 5 Bt toxins against the Asian corn borer strains ACB-BtS and ACB-FR.

<p>Toxicity of 5 Bt toxins against the Asian corn borer strains ACB-BtS and ACB-FR.</p

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Information for the primers used in the qRT-PCR analysis. (DOCX 16 kb

Mortality of ACB larvae of four strains fed on plant tissues of Bt corn and non-Bt corn hybrids.

<p>Mortality of ACB larvae of four strains fed on plant tissues of Bt corn and non-Bt corn hybrids.</p

Synergistic effects between Cry1Ac and Cry1Ie toxins on ACB.

<p>Synergistic effects between Cry1Ac and Cry1Ie toxins on ACB.</p

Damages of corn lines infested with ACB at R1 silking stage.

<p>Damages of corn lines infested with ACB at R1 silking stage.</p

Characteristics of homology search for <i>Athetis dissimilis</i> unigenes.

<p>The number of unigenes matching the top ten species using BlastX in the Nr database is indicated in square brackets</p

Additional file 7: of De novo transcriptome and expression profile analyses of the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) reveals relevant flubendiamide response genes

Differentially expressed genes between flubendiamide-treated and control ACBs. (XLS 27928 kb

Additional file 8: of De novo transcriptome and expression profile analyses of the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) reveals relevant flubendiamide response genes

Information for the primers used in the qRT-PCR analysis. (DOCX 16 kb