Phenomenological theory of the giant magnetoimpedance of composite wires

Composite wires with a three-layered structure are known to show a particularly large magnetoimpedance effect. The wires consist of a highly conductive core, an insulating layer and an outer ferromagnetic shell. In order to understand the origin of the effect a theory based on a coupling of the Maxwell equations to the Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation is suggested. The theory is phenomenological in the sense that it does not account for a domain structure. However, theoretical results nicely reproduce those obtained in various measurements. Furthermore, an upper limit of the magnetoimpedance ratio for a given combination of materials can be determined.Comment: 4 pages, figure

Crystal structure and electronic structure of quaternary semiconductors Cu2_2ZnTiSe4_4 and Cu2_2ZnTiS4_4 for solar cell absorber

We design two new I2-II-IV-VI4 quaternary semiconductors Cu$_2$ZnTiSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTiS$_4$, and systematically study the crystal and electronic structure by employing first-principles electronic structure calculations. Among the considered crystal structures, it is confirmed that the band gaps of Cu$_2$ZnTiSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTiS$_4$ originate from the full occupied Cu 3$d$ valence band and unoccupied Ti 3$d$ conducting band, and kesterite structure should be the ground state. Furthermore, our calculations indicate that Cu$_2$ZnTiSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTiS$_4$ have comparable band gaps with Cu$_2$ZnTSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTS$_4$, but almost twice larger absorption coefficient $\alpha(\omega)$. Thus, the materials are expected to be candidate materials for solar cell absorber.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

GENET: Unleashing the Power of Side Information for Recommendation via Hypergraph Pre-training

Recommendation with side information has drawn significant research interest due to its potential to mitigate user feedback sparsity. However, existing models struggle with generalization across diverse domains and types of side information. In particular, three challenges have not been addressed, and they are (1) the diverse formats of side information, including text sequences. (2) The diverse semantics of side information that describes items and users from multi-level in a context different from recommendation systems. (3) The diverse correlations in side information to measure similarity over multiple objects beyond pairwise relations. In this paper, we introduce GENET (Generalized hypErgraph pretraiNing on sidE informaTion), which pre-trains user and item representations on feedback-irrelevant side information and fine-tunes the representations on user feedback data. GENET leverages pre-training as a means to prevent side information from overshadowing critical ID features and feedback signals. It employs a hypergraph framework to accommodate various types of diverse side information. During pre-training, GENET integrates tasks for hyperlink prediction and self-supervised contrast to capture fine-grained semantics at both local and global levels. Additionally, it introduces a unique strategy to enhance pre-training robustness by perturbing positive samples while maintaining high-order relations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that GENET exhibits strong generalization capabilities, outperforming the SOTA method by up to 38% in TOP-N recommendation and Sequential recommendation tasks on various datasets with different side information

First-principles investigation of effect of pressure on BaFe2_2As2_2

On experimental side, BaFe$_2$As$_2$ without doping has been made superconducting by applying appropriate pressure (2-6 GPa). Here, we use a full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the density-functional theory to investigate the effect of pressure on its crystal structure, magnetic order, and electronic structure. Our calculations show that the striped antiferromagnetic order observed in experiment is stable against pressure up to 13 GPa. Calculated antiferromagnetic lattice parameters are in good agreements with experimental data, while calculations with nonmagnetic state underestimate Fe-As bond length and c-axis lattice constant. The effects of pressure on crystal structure and electronic structure are investigated for both the antiferromagnetic state and the nonmagnetic one. We find that the compressibility of the antiferromagnetic state is quite isotropic up to about 6.4 GPa. With increasing pressure, the FeAs$_4$ tetrahedra is hardly distorted. We observe a transition of Fermi surface topology in the striped antiferromagnetic state when the compression of volume is beyond 8% (or pressure 6 GPa), which corresponds to a large change of $c/a$ ratio. These first-principles results should be useful to understanding the antiferromagnetism and electronic states in the FeAs-based materials, and may have some useful implications to the superconductivity.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Dual hepatocyte-targeting fluorescent probe with high sensitivity to tumorous pH: Precise detection of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

A new dual hepatocyte-targeting fluorescent probe HPL-1, which can precisely distinguish tumorous pH from physiological pH, was developed. The OFF-ON switch of HPL-1 can be triggered via pH-induced structural change of the lactam group of the rhodamine moiety from closed-ring to open-ring. Our results showed that the phosphate group of HPL-1 is beneficial to its accumulation in liver cells, and combination of the phosphate and galactose units could synergistically increase the hepatocyte-targeting capacity. HPL-1 could selectively distinguish hepatoma cells from other tissue cells, and precisely distinguish cancerous liver cells from normal liver cells. Compared with other reported probes, HPL-1 not only enable a simple and convenient detection method, but also has good hepatocyte-targeting capacity and precise recognition capacity of tumors under weak acid micro-environment, which opens new avenues for precise diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Enhanced torque efficiency in ferromagnetic multilayers by introducing naturally oxidized Cu

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) in the heavy elements with a large spin-orbit coupling (SOC) has been frequently used to manipulate the magnetic states in spintronic devices. Recent theoretical works have predicted that the surface oxidized light elements with a negligible SOC can yield a sizable orbital torque (OT), which plays an important role in switching the magnetization. Here, we report anomalous-Hall-resistance and harmonic-Hall-voltage measurements on perpendicularly magnetized Ta/Cu/[Ni/Co]$_5$/Cu-CuO$_x$ multilayers. Both torque efficiency and spin-Hall angle of these multilayers are largely enhanced by introducing a naturally oxidized Cu-CuO$_x$ layer, where the SOC is negligible. Such an enhancement is mainly due to the collaborative driven of the SOT from the Ta layer and the OT from the Cu/CuO$_x$ interface, and can be tuned by controlling the thickness of Cu-CuO$_x$ layer. Compared to the Cu-CuO$_x$-free multilayers, the maximum torque efficiency and spin-Hall angle were enhanced by a factor of ten, larger than most of the reported values in the other heterostructures.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Appl. Phys. Let

Novel compounds in fruits of coriander (Coşkuner & Karababa) with anti-inflammatory activity

© 2020 Coriander, Coriandrum Sativum L., is one of the commonest food and medicinal plants in many countries, but its chemical ingredients and pivotal role in anti-inflammatory activity have not been fully explored. The present study aimed to identify new compounds in the fruits of coriander and explore their anti-inflammatory activity. The compounds were isolated by chromatographic seperations and identified using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods. RAW264.7 macrophage cells were used to detect the anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds via Griess assay, western blotting, ELISA, and flow cytometry methods. The study resulted in the discovery of four new compounds, which were identified as: 4α-(furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6′-ylmethyl)-9α-propylnonolactone (1), 4-(formyloxy)-4-(6′-methylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)butanoate(2), (7α,8α)-3α-hydroxyl-12,13α-dimethyl-5(6)-en-bicyclo[5,3,0]caprolactone (3), 7-methoxy-4-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)furo[2,3-f] coumarin (4). Compound 3 showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 of 6.25 μM for an inhibitory effect on nitrite oxide (NO) level. In addition, compound 3 decreased the lipopolysaccharides-stimulated generations of ROS and the inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Mechanism exploration indicated that compound 3 suppressed inflammatory mediators’ expression, like iNOS and COX-2. Furthermore, the NF-κB and MAPK pathways were involved in the anti-inflammatory process of compound 3

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Co/CoOx Supported on Earth-Abundant Coal-Derived Carbon for Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution

The evident demand for hydrogen as the ultimate energy fuel for posterity calls for the development of low-cost, efficient and stable electrocatalysts for water splitting. Herein, we report the synthesis of Co/CoOx supported on coal-derived N-doped carbon via a simple microwave-assisted method and demonstrate its application as an efficient catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). With the optimal amount of cobalt introduced into the N-doped coal-derived, the developed catalyst achieved overpotentials of 0.370 and 0.429 V during water oxidation at current densities of 1 mA cm(-2) and 10 mA cm(-2), respectively. There was no noticeable loss in the activity of the catalyst during continuous galvanostatic polarization at a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) for a test period of 66 h. The synergistic interaction of the Co/CoOx moieties with the pyridinic and pyrollic nitrogen functional groups in the N-doped carbon, as well with the other heteroatoms species in the pristine coal favored enhancement of the OER electrocatalytic performance. (C) The Author(s) 2019. Published by ECS

The correlation between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and the MRI burden and cognitive function in patients with cerebral small vessel disease

ObjectiveAims to explore the relationship between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the total burden of imaging markers and cognitive function in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 148 hospitalized CSVD patients at Hebei General Hospital from January 2022 to September 2024, with complete clinical and laboratory data. NLR was calculated as neutrophil count/lymphocyte count. According to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, patients were divided into a cognitive impairment group (n = 89) and a non-cognitive impairment group (n = 59). The total CSVD burden was assessed based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline plots, Spearman correlation, and mediation analysis to evaluate the relationship between NLR in CSVD patients and CSVD burden and cognitive impairment.ResultsThe results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that after adjusting for all potential confounding factors, an elevated NLR in CSVD patients was significantly associated with the risk of cognitive impairment (OR: 3.263; 95% CI: 1.577 to 6.752; p = 0.001) and severe CSVD burden (OR = 2.246, 95% CI: 1.346 ~ 3.750, p = 0.002). The restricted cubic spline plot shows that after adjusting for confounding factors, the NLR level is linearly associated with the risk of CI (P for total = 0.022, P for non-linear = 0.231) and the total burden of CSVD (P for total = 0.005, P for non-linear = 0.448). Correlation analysis shows that NLR is positively correlated with the CSVD score (rs = 0.246, p = 0.003). Furthermore, the results of the mediation analysis indicate that after adjusting for confounding factors, the burden of CSVD has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between NLR levels and cognitive impairment (ab = 0.028, 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.070, p = 0.012); 20.9% of the total effect of NLR on cognitive impairment in CSVD patients can be attributed to the presence of CSVD burden.ConclusionElevated NLR in CSVD patients is associated with the burden of CSVD and cognitive impairment. The mediating role of CSVD burden suggests that elevated NLR may lead to cognitive impairment by exacerbating the burden of CSVD