Evaluación de los factores determinantes del recuento de plaquetas en pacientes con cirrosis

Thrombocytopenia is considered one of the hallmarks of patients with cirrhosis. Several mechanisms have been implicated in the pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia in cirrhosis. Hypersplenism caused by splenomegay, classically regarded as an indirect marker of portal hypertension has been considered the main factor implicated [200]. Nevertheless, portal hypertension is best estimated by the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) [32, 189], although contradictory results have been reported regarding the association between HVPG and platelet count [195-197]. The identification of thrombopoietin (TPO), a growth factor that enhances the maturation of megakaryocytes and the release of platelets from the bone marrow, has shed new light on the physiolgy of platelets [217]. In normal conditions in adults, TPO is mainly produced in the liver [93, 96] and the circulating leves of platelets are controlled by a negative feedback mechanism [99], so there is an inverse relationship between the amount of circulating platelets, and the amount of TPO that can reach the bone marrow to stimulate thrombopoiesis. In liver cirrhosis perhaps a decreased syntehesis of TPO could be implicated in the development of thrombocytopenia. Controversial findings regarding the role of each mechanism in thrombocytopenia of liver cirrhosis have been reported [142, 146, 160-161, 184] and no study has simultaneously evaluated the influence of the different mechanisms including portal hypertension and TPO production nor whether their influence could change in different stages of the disease..

Synthesis and Properties of Naphthobisbenzothiophene Diimides

Laterally extended naphthalene diimides composed of naphthobisbenzothiophene skeleton and two imide groups were synthesized, which exhibit interesting packing arrangements and optoelectrical properties

Synthesis and Properties of Naphthobisbenzothiophene Diimides

Laterally extended naphthalene diimides composed of naphthobisbenzothiophene skeleton and two imide groups were synthesized, which exhibit interesting packing arrangements and optoelectrical properties

Kinetics of Homoallylic/Homobenzylic Rearrangement Reactions under Combustion Conditions

Homoallylic/homobenzylic radicals refer to typical radicals with the radical site located at the β position from the vinyl/phenyl group. These radicals are largely involved in combustion systems, such as the pyrolysis or oxidation of alkenes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics. The 1,2-vinyl/phenyl migration via two steps (cyclization/fission) is a peculiar reaction type for the homoallylic/homobenzylic radicals, entitled homoallylic/homobenzylic rearrangement, which has been studied by theoretical calculations including the Hirshfeld atomic charge analysis in the present work. With the help of rate constant calculations, the competition between this reaction channel and other possible pathways under combustion temperatures (500–2000 K) were evaluated. Analogous 1,3- and 1,4-vinyl/phenyl migration reactions for similar radicals with the radical sites located at the γ and δ positions from the vinyl/phenyl group were also computed. The results indicate that the 1,2-vinyl/phenyl migration is particularly important for the kinetics of unimolecular reactions of homoallylic radicals under 1500 K; nevertheless, it still has noticeable contribution at higher temperature. For those radicals with the radical site at the γ or δ positions, the respective 1,3- or 1,4-vinyl/phenyl migration channel plays an insignificant role under combustion conditions

Conventional multiplex PCR.

<p>During conventional multiplex PCR with overlapping amplicons, four amplicons are produced. For each cycle, Amplicon 3 can be amplified from not only the original template, but also Amplicons 1, 2, and 4. Its growth overtakes the reaction and hinders the amplification of the target amplicons.</p

Library multiplexing coverage.

<p>Library multiplexing coverage.</p

Tailorable Aqueous Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using Tetrachloroperylene-Based Bolaamphiphiles via Noncovalent Modification

The enhanced dispersing capability of these bolaamphiphiles can be attributed to the large aromatic perylene core. The aqueous dispersion efficiency of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is investigated by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence emission and Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. It is found that the tetrachloroperylene backbone moieties could interact with SWCNT via synergistic π–π and hydrophobic interactions, and the dispersing properties are closely related to the hydrophilic part of bolaamphiles. This study not only demonstrates tetrachloroperylene derivatives are able to stabilize SWCNTs, but also provides the possibility to understand the structure–property relationship between SWCNTs and tetrachloroperylene-based surfactants

66 Unique variants detected.

<p>66 Unique variants detected.</p

Variant detection concordance.

<p>Variant detection concordance.</p

Donor-Linked Di(perylene bisimide)s: Arrays Exhibiting Fast Electron Transfer for Photosynthesis Mimics

The first example of donor-linked di­(perylene bisimide)­s is reported. UV–vis absorption spectra of these newly synthesized dyads showed intense absorption across the entire visible region, demonstrating their excellent light-harvesting activities. The severe fluorescence quenching event probed by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and the free-energy calculations suggested the possibility of electron transfer (ET) in these arrays upon photoexcitation. Further femtosecond transient absorption spectra clarified that the fluorescence quenching was due to fast intramolecular ET. The rate of the charge separation (CS) was found to be as high as 10¹² s^–1 in CH₂Cl₂. It was suggested that the large ET driving forces, strong donor–acceptor electronic coupling, and relatively small reorganization energy of diPBI accounted for the rapid ET process in a synergic manner. The fate of the generated radical ion pair depended on the solvent used. Rapid charge recombination to ground state occurred for the dyads in polar CH₂Cl₂ and for diPBI-TPA in nonpolar toluene. However, sufficient ³diPBI* population was attained via efficient spin–orbit coupled intersystem crossing from the charge-separated state for diPBI-PdTPP in toluene. These photophysical properties are interpreted as the cooperation between thermodynamic feasibility and kinetic manipulation