Transverse Momentum Dependent Factorization for Quarkonium Production at Low Transverse Momentum

Quarkonium production in hadron collisions at low transverse momentum $q_\perp \ll M$ with $M$ as the quarkonium mass can be used for probing transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon distributions. For this purpose, one needs to establish the TMD factorization for the process. We examine the factorization at the one-loop level for the production of $\eta_c$ or $\eta_b$. The perturbative coefficient in the factorization is determined at one-loop accuracy. Comparing the factorization derived at tree level and that beyond the tree level, a soft factor is, in general, needed to completely cancel soft divergences. We have also discussed possible complications of TMD factorization of p-wave quarkonium production.Comment: Title changed in the journal, published versio

Enhanced spin-orbit torques in MnAl/Ta films with improving chemical ordering

We report the enhancement of spin-orbit torques in MnAl/Ta films with improving chemical ordering through annealing. The switching current density is increased due to enhanced saturation magnetization MS and effective anisotropy field HK after annealing. Both damplinglike effective field HD and fieldlike effective field HF have been increased in the temperature range of 50 to 300 K. HD varies inversely with MS in both of the films, while the HF becomes liner dependent on 1/MS in the annealed film. We infer that the improved chemical ordering has enhanced the interfacial spin transparency and the transmitting of the spin current in MnAl layer

Low-temperature heat transport of Nd_2CuO_4: Roles of Nd magnons and spin-structure transitions

We report the magnetic-field dependence of thermal conductivity (\kappa) of an insulating cuprate Nd_2CuO_4 at very low temperatures down to 0.3 K. It is found that apart from the paramagnetic moments scattering on phonons, the Nd^{3+} magnons can act as either heat carriers or phonon scatterers, which strongly depends on the long-range antiferromagnetic transition and the field-induced transitions of spin structure. In particular, the Nd^{3+} magnons can effectively transport heat in the spin-flopped state of the Nd^{3+} sublattice. However, both the magnon transport and the magnetic scattering are quenched at very high fields. The spin re-orientations under the in-plane field can be conjectured from the detailed field dependence of \kappa.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Nonsymmorphic symmetry-required band crossings in topological semimetals

We show that for two-band systems nonsymmorphic symmetries may enforce the existence of band crossings in the bulk, which realize Fermi surfaces of reduced dimensionality. We find that these unavoidable crossings originate from the momentum dependence of the nonsymmorphic symmetry, which puts strong restrictions on the global structure of the band configurations. Three different types of nonsymmorphic symmetries are considered: (i) a unitary nonsymmorphic symmetry, (ii) a nonsymmorphic magnetic symmetry, and (iii) a nonsymmorphic symmetry combined with inversion. For nonsymmorphic symmetries of the latter two types, the band crossings are located at high-symmetry points of the Brillouin zone, with their exact positions being determined by the algebra of the symmetry operators. To characterize these band degeneracies we introduce a \emph{global} topological charge and show that it is of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ type, which is in contrast to the \emph{local} topological charge of Fermi points in, say, Weyl semimetals. To illustrate these concepts, we discuss the $\pi$-flux state as well as the SSH model at its critical point and show that these two models fit nicely into our general framework of nonsymmorphic two-band systems.Comment: 6.5 pages, 4 figure

Observation of an in-plane magnetic-field-driven phase transition in a quantum Hall system with SU(4) symmetry

In condensed matter physics, the study of electronic states with SU(N) symmetry has attracted considerable and growing attention in recent years, as systems with such a symmetry can often have a spontaneous symmetry-breaking effect giving rise to a novel ground state. For example, pseudospin quantum Hall ferromagnet of broken SU(2) symmetry has been realized by bringing two Landau levels close to degeneracy in a bilayer quantum Hall system. In the past several years, the exploration of collective states in other multi-component quantum Hall systems has emerged. Here we show the conventional pseudospin quantum Hall ferromagnetic states with broken SU(2) symmetry collapsed rapidly into an unexpected state with broken SU(4) symmetry, by in-plane magnetic field in a two-subband GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron system at filling factor around $\nu=4$. Within a narrow tilting range angle of 0.5 degrees, the activation energy increases as much as 12 K. While the origin of this puzzling observation remains to be exploited, we discuss the possibility of a long-sought pairing state of electrons with a four-fold degeneracy.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure