DNA-barcoding based identification of potential plant hosts of phytoplasmas from leafhoppers

Description:DNA barcoding is a process for rapid and precise species identification. Currently available DNA barcoding markers makes it possible to simultaneously identify the insect, the plants the insect ingests, and microbial species within a single insect specimen. In this project, the potential plant hosts of phytoplasmas harbored by seven leafhopper species (Leofa dispar, Pravistylus exquadratus, Neoaliturus opacipennis, Macrosteles sordidipennis, Mayawa capitata, Mayawa affinifacialis and Acharis ussuriensis) were identified. The findings will provide a basis for further study on phytoplasma, plant, and insect associations in their natural habitat.Method:The plant barcoding marker, rbcL gene was amplified by semi nested PCR from the leafhoppers that tested positive for phytoplasmas. PCR amplicons were cloned into TOPO TA cloning vector and five clones were randomly picked up and followed by Sanger sequencing. The obtained sequence from the individual clone was blasted against NCBI database to identify the plant species

Surface-Oxidized Iron–Cobalt–Nickel Alloy with Continuous Variable Composition for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Composition is the key to optimizing the electroactivity of the alloy-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, a library of surface-oxidized iron–cobalt–nickel-based (FeCoNi-based) alloys, FeCoNi and FeCoNi/OH, with continuous variable compositions are built as HER and OER electrocatalysts. The FeCoNi alloys with a low content of Fe display higher HER intrinsic activity, while the alloys with low Co content exhibit higher OER activity. Because the electrochemical specific area is evidently increasing with the addition of Fe and Co, the Fe6Co4Ni0 exhibits the outstanding HER activity and stability. Benefiting from the synergistic effect, the alloys’ HER activity for most compositions is enhanced by the surface hydroxides. However, the surface-oxidized hydroxides barely affect OER activity for most compositions of the alloys. After a year of storage, the FeCoNi and FeCoNi/OH electrodes exhibit high stability for HER but not for OER. These trends may help to exploit higher activity electrocatalysts for hydrogen production by water electrolysis

Green Solvent for Flash Pyrolysis Oil Separation

Green Solvent for Flash Pyrolysis Oil Separatio

Supplementary document for Source and mask optimizing with defocus antagonism for process window enhancement - 5968725.pdf

Process windo

Additional file 2 of Anlotinib affects systemic lipid metabolism and induces lipid accumulation in human lung cancer cells

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table S2. qRT-PCR primers for human

Additional file 1 of Anlotinib affects systemic lipid metabolism and induces lipid accumulation in human lung cancer cells

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. qRT-PCR primers for mouse

Roles of Lithium Aluminum Titanium Phosphate in Lithium Batteries

Lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, abbreviated as LATP, is an important Li+ solid-state electrolyte thanks to its high ionic conductivity and good stability in the ambient atmosphere. Extensive efforts have been devoted to understanding its advanced electrochemical properties. However, the strategy to use it in practical cell is rarely available. In this work, we demonstrate LATP’s working behavior via LATP that is coated on a separator facing the cathode and anode, respectively, in both graphite|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and Li|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cells. With the LATP contact with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, the cells deliver slightly lower reversible capacity owing to a large Li+ diffusion impedance originated from the space charge layer formed between LATP and cathode and show better durability due to the synergetic Li+ transportation via LATP and organic electrolyte. As for LATP facing graphite, the cells deliver a higher discharge capacity and better cyclic stability. It is ascribed to the buffering and protecting effect of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) that reduces the interfacial impedance and precludes the interfacial reaction between LATP and lithiated graphite. When directly in contact with lithium, LATP is decomposed quickly and the cells’ performance varies with the recipe of organic electrolytes. This work clearly indicated that LATP could improve the cells’ performance when appropriate technologies are utilized to address the associated challenges

Lateral Tunnel Epitaxy of GaAs in Lithographically Defined Cavities on 220 nm Silicon-on-Insulator

Current heterogeneous Si photonics usually bond III–V wafers/dies on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate in a back-end process, whereas monolithic integration by direct epitaxy could benefit from a front-end process where III–V materials are grown prior to the fabrication of passive optical circuits. Here we demonstrate a front-end-of-line (FEOL) processing and epitaxy approach on Si photonics 220 nm (001) SOI wafers to enable positioning dislocation-free GaAs layers in lithographically defined cavities right on top of the buried oxide layer. Thanks to the defect confinement in lateral growth, threading dislocations generated from the III–V/Si interface are effectively trapped within ∼250 nm of the Si surface. This demonstrates the potential of in-plane co-integration of III–Vs with Si on mainstream 220 nm SOI platform without relying on thick, defective buffer layers. The challenges associated with planar defects and coalescence into larger membranes for the integration of on-chip optical devices are also discussed

Additional file 1: of Metformin suppresses UHMWPE particle-induced osteolysis in the mouse calvaria by promoting polarization of macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype

Supporting Information S1. Effects of Metformin on TNF-ι, IL-6 and IL-10 production in RAW264.7. Supporting Information S2. Role of AMPK activation in the effect of metformin on the exposed in RAW264.7. Supporting Information S3. Characterizations. Figure S1. Effect of metformin on RAW264.7 cytokine production in response to UHMWPE particles and the effect on AMPK phosphorylation. Figure S2. Effect of metformin on RAW264.7 cytokine production with AICAR or Compound C in response to UHMWPE particles and the effect on AMPK phosphorylation. Figure S3. Full-length gels and blots of western blot results for phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) and total AMPK (t-AMPK) in the different treatment groups. Figure S4. Full-length gels and blots of western blot results for phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) and total AMPK (t-AMPK) in the different treatment groups with AICAR or Compound C. Figure S5. Full-length gels and blots of protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, Arg-1, p-AMPK, and t-AMPK among tissues from the different treatment groups. (DOC 1902 kb

Image_1_Nobiletin Inhibits Cell Viability via the SRC/AKT/STAT3/YY1AP1 Pathway in Human Renal Carcinoma Cells.tif

Nobiletin is a polymethoxy flavonoid isolated from Citrus depressa and Citrus reticulata. It has been reported that nobiletin can suppress tumors. We primarily explored the antitumor effects of nobiletin and the associated potential mechanisms in ACHN and Caki-2 renal carcinoma cells. A CCK-8 assay and cloning experiments were used to assess cell viability, and a transwell assay and scratch test were used to assess metastatic ability. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry, whereas apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry and a terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Protein expression was examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Renal cancer cells were subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice for in vivo studies. The data showed that nobiletin administration significantly dose- and time-dependently suppressed renal cancer cell proliferation; moreover, nobiletin treatment induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and promoted apoptosis. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that nobiletin decreased the nuclear localization of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and YY1-associated protein 1 (YY1AP1). Western blot showed that the levels of phosphorylated SRC, phosphorylated AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), and phosphorylated STAT3 were decreased, whereas that of phosphorylated YY1AP1 was increased. The results further showed that application of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was able to reverse the nobiletin-induced changes in the levels of phosphorylated AKT, phosphorylated STAT3, and phosphorylated YY1AP1, and could also reverse the antitumor effects of nobiletin. The results of in vivo experiments showed that, compared to the control, tumor volume and weight were both reduced following nobiletin treatment. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that nobiletin can inhibit renal carcinoma cell viability and provides a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of kidney cancer.</p