Land-use change simulation and assessment of driving factors in the loess hilly region - a case study as Pengyang County

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the land-use change and its relationship with its driving factors in the loess hilly region. In this study, a case study was carried out in Pengyang County. We set two land-use demand scenarios (a baseline scenario (scenario 1) and a real land-use requirement scenario (scenario 2)) during year 2001-2005 via assuming the effect of driving factors on land-use change keeps stable from 1993 to 2005. Two simulated land-use patterns of 2005 are therefore achieved accordingly by use of the conversion of land use and its effects model at small regional extent. Kappa analyses are conducted to compare each simulated land-use pattern with the reality. Results show that (1) the associated kappa values were decreased from 0.83 in 1993-2000 to 0.27 (in scenario 1) and 0.23 (in scenario 2) in 2001-2005 and (2) forest and grassland were the land-use types with highest commission errors, which implies that conversion of both the land-use types mentioned above is the main determinant of change of kappa values. Our study indicates the land-use change was driven by the synthetic multiply factors including natural and social-economic factors (e.g., slope, aspect, elevation, distance to road, soil types, and population dense) in 1993-2000 until "Grain for Green Project" was implemented and has become the dominant factor in 2001-2005

Intrathecal Administration of Autologous CD34 Positive Cells in Patients with Past Cerebral Infarction: A Safety Study

Regenerative strategies in treatment of stroke have great potential. The goal of the current study was to investigate safety of intrathecal administration of autologous CD34 positive cells in treatment of patients with poststroke. A total of eight male patients with a history of stroke were enrolled. The patients were treated subcutaneously with 5 μg/kg body weight rhG-CSF for 5 consecutive days, and then leukapheresis was performed to concentrate cells for CD34 positive immunoselection. All patients underwent intrathecal administration of CD34 positive cells via lumbar puncture. The primary outcome was safety evaluation for 12-month followup. In addition, behavioral function was evaluated with NIH stroke scale and Barthel index 1, 6, and 12 months after the last treatment, respectively. There were no major adverse events, and abnormal changes of blood tests during the whole treatment process included intrathecal administration and 12-month followup. The main message from the current study was that administration of G-CSF-mobilized autologous CD34 positive cells in patients with poststroke was safe. Future studies with larger population and control group are needed to confirm the safety and investigate the efficacy.</jats:p

Zhanqiang Zhu's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Zhanqiang Zhu's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Park Accessibility in Downtown Guangzhou

The rationality of the spatial distribution of parks plays an important role in measuring cities' livability levels, promoting residents' physical and mental health, and promoting social interaction. However, with the continuous progress of urbanization and the rapid growth of the population, the contradiction between the supply of parks and the demand of people has become increasingly prominent. Moreover, the balance of the park layout did not receive enough attention when the urban population and residential spaces underwent dynamic transformations. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of park accessibility in downtown Guangzhou in 2010 and 2020 using the Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) and hot-spot analysis methods. The results show that:1) From 2010 to 2020, the average accessibility of parks in downtown Guangzhou increased. The communities with reduced park accessibility are areas with significant population increases, such as central Tianhe, eastern Haizhu, parts of Baiyun, and southern Liwan. The communities with improved park accessibility are mainly key urban development areas, such as Huangpu and Baiyun. Park accessibility has also improved in the depopulated old town within the Ring Highway. With the expansion of the travel range, the blind area of park supply is significantly reduced, and "seeing the park in 15 minutes" is realized under the bus travel mode. 2) Between 2010 and 2020, there was a spatial clustering phenomenon in the accessibility of parks under three travel modes. The impact of travel modes on the spatial clustering degree of park accessibility is obvious, and the change of spatial autocorrelation caused by time evolution is weak. With the improvement of travel range, the hot-spot and the cold-spot areas gradually expand, and the spatial agglomeration characteristics become more obvious. The hot-spot areas are mainly located in the old urban areas along the Pearl River and the Ring Highway, while the cold-spot areas are mainly located in Liwan and the outer urban areas outside the Ring Highway. 3) Under the guidance of the urban planning policy and the government, the orderly construction of parks and population flow comprehensively form the fair and unfair areas of the park's spatial distribution. The park's spatial distribution unfair area is the key area of the park's future planning, construction, and quality optimization. From the spatial and temporal dimensions, the research results complement the impact of the travel mode and urbanization process on the accessibility of parks. It makes up for the deficiency of the previous studies, which are mostly horizontal to some extent. It also helps to provide guidance and suggestions for the planning and layout of parks and policymaking in cities with the same type of high-density population

Comparison of Gefitinib in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and clinical effects of Osimertinib and EGFR Gene mutation

Objectives: To compare the clinical effects of Osimertinib and Gefitinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung (NSCLC) complicated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation.&#x0D; Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 102 patients with advanced NSCLC and EGFR gene mutations treated in the Chest Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020. We divided the data based on the administered treatments into Osimertinib and Gefitinib groups. The disease control rate (DCR), progression free survival (PFS) and the incidence of adverse events in both groups were analyzed.&#x0D; Results: In the Osimertinib group, there was one patients with complete response (CR), 38 with partial response (PR), eight with stable disease (SD), and two with progressive disease (PD)/ The overall response rate (ORR) was 79.59% (39/49), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 95.92% (47/49). In the Gefitinib group, we found zero patients with CR, 37 patients with PR, 11 with SD, and five with PD. The ORR in the Gefitinib group was 69.80% (37/53) and DCR was 90.57% (48/53). There was no statistical significance between the two groups, ORR was χ2=0.927 (P=0.336) and the DCR χ2=0.221 (P=0.638). The median PFS of and Gefitinib groups was significantly higher in the oxitinib group, compared to the Gefitinib group (18.1 months (95% CI 15.4-20.7) and 10.7 months (95% CI 9.9-11.4), respectively, P&lt;0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions in the Osimertinib group was 12.24% (6/49), which was significantly lower than 28.30% (15/53) in the Gefitinib group (P &lt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusions: The clinical effect of oxitinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer complicated with EGFR gene mutation is similar to that of Gefitinib. In patients with advanced NSCLC and EGFR gene mutations, oxitinib treatment is associated with significantly longer PFS and lower adverse reaction rate compared with Gefitinib treatment.&#x0D; doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5456&#x0D; How to cite this:Li X, Zhai Z, Zhu Y, Zhou H. Comparison of Gefitinib in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and clinical effects of Osimertinib and EGFR Gene mutation. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5456&#x0D; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</jats:p

Machining Distortion for Thin-Walled Superalloy GH4169 Caused by Residual Stress and Manufacturing Sequences

The residual stress generated in the machining process has a passive influence on the machining accuracy of a thin-walled workpiece. Annealing treatment can release the residual stress induced in the machining process and suppress the machining distortion. However, there is no unified standard for whether annealing treatment is arranged after machining. In this paper, an analytical model for predicting the distortion caused by residual stress of thin-walled superalloy GH4169 is established. Then, the finite element method is applied to analyze the prediction results of the proposed model. It is found that the residual stress generated in the manufacturing process chain can cause large distortion for the thin-walled workpiece. Finally, combined with the law and principle of workpiece distortion, the annealing process planning of multiple manufacturing sequences of thin-walled superalloy GH4169 is formulated to suppress the machining distortion. For the machining process on one side of the workpiece, it is necessary to release residual stress. This is not necessary for the double-sided machining process. Research results can be used to optimize the manufacturing sequence of thin-walled components