Composition-Diamond Lemma for Non-associative Algebras over a Commutative Algebra

We establish the Composition-Diamond lemma for non-associative algebras over a free commutative algebra. As an application, we prove that every countably generated non-associative algebra over an arbitrary commutative algebra $K$ can be embedded into a two-generated non-associative algebra over $K$.Comment: 10 page

Molecular dynamics study of the interactions of incident N or Ti atoms with the TiN(001) surface

The interaction processes between incident N or Ti atoms and the TiN(001) surface are simulated by classical molecular dynamics based on the second nearest-neighbor modified embedded-atom method potentials. The simulations are carried out for substrate temperatures between 300–700 K and kinetic energies of the incident atoms within the range of 0.5–10 eV. When N atoms impact against the surface, adsorption, resputtering and reflection of particles are observed; several unique atomic mechanisms are identified to account for these interactions, in which the adsorption could occur due to the atomic exchange process while the resputtering and reflection may simultaneously occur. The impact position of incident N atoms on the surface plays an important role in determining the interaction modes. Their occurrence probabilities are dependent on the kinetic energy of incident N atoms but independent on the substrate temperature. When Ti atoms are the incident particles, adsorption is the predominant interaction mode between particles and the surface. This results in the much smaller initial sticking coefficient of N atoms on the TiN(001) surface compared with that of Ti atoms. Stoichiometric TiN is promoted by N/Ti flux ratios larger than one

An Architecture of Deterministic Quantum Central Processing Unit

We present an architecture of QCPU(Quantum Central Processing Unit), based on the discrete quantum gate set, that can be programmed to approximate any n-qubit computation in a deterministic fashion. It can be built efficiently to implement computations with any required accuracy. QCPU makes it possible to implement universal quantum computation with a fixed, general purpose hardware. Thus the complexity of the quantum computation can be put into the software rather than the hardware.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

Brassinosteroids affect wood development and properties of Fraxinus mandshurica

IntroductionXylem development plays a crucial role in wood formation in woody plants. In recent years, there has been growing attention towards the impact of brassinosteroids (BRs) on this xylem development. In the present study, we evaluated the dynamic variation of xylem development in Fraxinus mandshurica (female parent, M8) and a novel interspecific hybrid F. mandshurica × Fraxinus sogdiana (1601) from May to August 2020.MethodsWe obtained RNA-Seq transcriptomes of three tissue types (xylem, phloem, and leaf) to identify the differences in xylem-differentially expressed genes (X-DEGs) and xylem-specifically expressed genes (X-SEGs) in M8 and 1601 variants. We then further evaluated these genes via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) alongside overexpressing FmCPD, a BR biosynthesis enzyme gene, in transient transgenic F. mandshurica.ResultsOur results indicated that the xylem development cycle of 1601 was extended by 2 weeks compared to that of M8. In addition, during the later wood development stages (secondary wall thickening) of 1601, an increased cellulose content (14%) and a reduced lignin content (11%) was observed. Furthermore, vessel length and width increased by 67% and 37%, respectively, in 1601 compared with those of M8. A total of 4589 X-DEGs were identified, including enzymes related to phenylpropane metabolism, galactose metabolism, BR synthesis, and signal transduction pathways. WGCNA identified hub X-SEGs involved in cellulose synthesis and BR signaling in the 1601 wood formation–related module (CESA8, COR1, C3H14, and C3H15); in contrast, genes involved in phenylpropane metabolism were significantly enriched in the M8 wood formation–related module (CCoAOMT and CCR). Moreover, overexpression of FmCPD in transient transgenic F. mandshurica affected the expression of genes associated with lignin and cellulose biosynthesis signal transduction. Finally, BR content was determined to be approximately 20% lower in the M8 xylem than in the 1601 xylem, and the exogenous application of BRs (24-epi brassinolide) significantly increased the number of xylem cell layers and altered the composition of the secondary cell walls in F. mandshurica.DiscussionOur findings suggest that BR biosynthesis and signaling play a critical role in the differing wood development and properties observed between M8 and 1601 F. mandshurica

The Clinical Value of PET-CT in the Diagnosis of Pre-pulseless Takayasu's Arteritis Presenting as Fever of Unknown Origine

BackgroundTakayasu's arteritis (TAK) presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO) is rare in clinic. Diagnosis is difficult in the early stageas the non-specific clinical symptoms and signs, the lack of imaging findings of great artery stenosis and occlusionof patients. With the wide application of positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of FUO, it may contribute to the early diagnosis of TAK.ObjectiveTo investigate the application value of PET-CT in the diagnosis and condition assessment of early TAK presenting as FUO.MethodsThe clinical presentations, laboratory examinations, PET-CT findings, and treatment outcomes of 7 cases of TAK presenting as FUO that eventually diagnosed by PET-CT from January 2013 to January 2021were retrospectively analyzed, and the medical literature from 1991 to 2021 was reviewed.ResultsAll the 7 patients were female, the age of onsetranging from 27 to 58 years old, with an average age of (37.9±10.6) years. The course of disease was from 1 to 6 months, with an average of (3.9±2.4) months. FUO was the first symptom of all patients (100.0%) , which may be accompanied by palpitation (14.3%) , dizziness (28.6%) , headache (14.3%) , fatigue (28.6%) and other non-specific clinical symptoms. Laboratory tests showed elevated levels of leukocytes (71.4%) , platelets (57.1%) , erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (100.0%) , C-reactive protein (CRP) (85.7%) , tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (42.9%) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (85.7%) . Color Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed no stenosis and occlusion of large arteries, while PET-CT showed inflammatory changes in arterial walls at multiple locations, including thecending aorta (28.6%) , aortic arch (14.3%) , common carotid artery (28.6%) , subclavian artery (28.6%) , thoracic aorta (14.3%) , abdominal aorta (14.3%) and renal artery (14.3%) .ConclusionPET-CT is helpful in the diagnosis and condition assessment of pre-pulseless Takayasu's arteritis presenting as FUO

The Asian arowana (<i>Scleropages formosus</i>) genome provides new insights into the evolution of an early lineage of teleosts

The Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus), one of the world’s most expensive cultivated ornamental fishes, is an endangered species. It represents an ancient lineage of teleosts: the Osteoglossomorpha. Here, we provide a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of a female golden-variety arowana using a combination of deep shotgun sequencing and high-resolution linkage mapping. In addition, we have also generated two draft genome assemblies for the red and green varieties. Phylogenomic analysis supports a sister group relationship between Osteoglossomorpha (bonytongues) and Elopomorpha (eels and relatives), with the two clades together forming a sister group of Clupeocephala which includes all the remaining teleosts. The arowana genome retains the full complement of eight Hox clusters unlike the African butterfly fish (Pantodon buchholzi), another bonytongue fish, which possess only five Hox clusters. Differential gene expression among three varieties provides insights into the genetic basis of colour variation. A potential heterogametic sex chromosome is identified in the female arowana karyotype, suggesting that the sex is determined by a ZW/ZZ sex chromosomal system. The high-quality reference genome of the golden arowana and the draft assemblies of the red and green varieties are valuable resources for understanding the biology, adaptation and behaviour of Asian arowanas

The Asian Arowana (Scleropages formosus) Genome Provides New Insights into the Evolution of an Early Lineage of Teleosts

The Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus), one of the world’s most expensive cultivated ornamental fishes, is an endangered species. It represents an ancient lineage of teleosts: the Osteoglossomorpha. Here, we provide a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of a female golden-variety arowana using a combination of deep shotgun sequencing and high-resolution linkage mapping. In addition, we have also generated two draft genome assemblies for the red and green varieties. Phylogenomic analysis supports a sister group relationship between Osteoglossomorpha (bonytongues) and Elopomorpha (eels and relatives), with the two clades together forming a sister group of Clupeocephala which includes all the remaining teleosts. The arowana genome retains the full complement of eight Hox clusters unlike the African butterfly fish (Pantodon buchholzi), another bonytongue fish, which possess only five Hox clusters. Differential gene expression among three varieties provides insights into the genetic basis of colour variation. A potential heterogametic sex chromosome is identified in the female arowana karyotype, suggesting that the sex is determined by a ZW/ZZ sex chromosomal system. The high-quality reference genome of the golden arowana and the draft assemblies of the red and green varieties are valuable resources for understanding the biology, adaptation and behaviour of Asian arowanas

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Vibration analysis of vertical shaft tower structures of Muduchaideng Coal Mine

There is a hoisting system in 68.37 m floor of vertical shaft tower of Muduchaideng Coal Mine. When vertical shaft hoisters were in full speed of 13 m/s ,the middle floor structure of the seventh floor's west side and the sixth floor's north side and south side would occur an enormous vibration. In view of above problems, a vibration dynamic test method was used to measure and analyze time domain signal and frequency domain signal of different location of the hoister and the vertical shaft tower, the results show that the natural vibration frequency of the sixth and the seventh floor are close to the natural vibration frequency of the motor of hoisters which is 22.1 Hz，it should adjust power system of the hoister equipments or the stiffness of the sixth and the seventh floor system to avoid resonance of coupling system of hoister-tower strectures; with increasing of hoisting speed, vibration intensity of the sixth and the seventh floor are gradueully becoming bigger, it should improve assembly accuracy between base and base beam of the hoister equipments to reduce vibration displacement of the floors

Extraction of Teucrium manghuaense and Evaluation of the Bioactivity of Its Extract

The ethanol extract of Teucrium manghuaense grown in Hainan province (China) was analysed by GC and GC/MS. Of the constituents 84–96% were identified on the basis of their GC retention times and their mass spectra in regard to authentic compounds. The results revealed that it contained 9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane (7.43%), 2-methylpyrrolidine (19.42%), 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (10.84%), and squalene (28.55%), as major components, constituting 66.24% of the extract. The chemical characterization of the ethanol extract by GC/MS also allowed identification of 1-octen-3-one (3.41%), 2-pentyl-piperidine (2.25%), 1-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-piperidine (4.63%), 2,2\u27-diethoxy-5,5\u27-bi-1-pyrroline (0.41%), (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrieniic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1.56%), vitamin E (2.95%) and stigmasterol (1.39%). Finally, the antioxidant and anti-tumor activities of the ethanol extract have been evaluated. Results show that the extract of Teucrium manghuaense leaf possesses strong DPPH-, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and anti-tumor activity