Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Self-Healing and Self-Adhesion Conductive Hydrogels Reinforced by Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Wearable Strain Sensors

Hydrogels with good mechanical properties, self-adhesion, and self-healing properties show broad prospects in the fabrication of sensors. Herein, PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels were constructed and fabricated based on the combination of hydrogen bond and metal coordination in this study. Due to the introduction of Al3+ and cCNTs, the prepared PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels exhibited good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 179.7 kPa and elongation at break of 634%), good self-adhesion toward various substances including human skin, rubber, stone, metal, leaves, plastic, etc., great conductivity (1.69 S/m), and high self-healing efficiency (96% at 20 h). The hydrogels can be used to assemble sensors with wide response range and high sensitivity. Based on the self-healing ability, the self-healed hydrogel sensor could detect the human motion as the original one, which has great application potential in the field of flexible strain and pressure sensing

Self-Healing and Self-Adhesion Conductive Hydrogels Reinforced by Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Wearable Strain Sensors

Hydrogels with good mechanical properties, self-adhesion, and self-healing properties show broad prospects in the fabrication of sensors. Herein, PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels were constructed and fabricated based on the combination of hydrogen bond and metal coordination in this study. Due to the introduction of Al3+ and cCNTs, the prepared PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels exhibited good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 179.7 kPa and elongation at break of 634%), good self-adhesion toward various substances including human skin, rubber, stone, metal, leaves, plastic, etc., great conductivity (1.69 S/m), and high self-healing efficiency (96% at 20 h). The hydrogels can be used to assemble sensors with wide response range and high sensitivity. Based on the self-healing ability, the self-healed hydrogel sensor could detect the human motion as the original one, which has great application potential in the field of flexible strain and pressure sensing

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Self-Healing and Self-Adhesion Conductive Hydrogels Reinforced by Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Wearable Strain Sensors

Hydrogels with good mechanical properties, self-adhesion, and self-healing properties show broad prospects in the fabrication of sensors. Herein, PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels were constructed and fabricated based on the combination of hydrogen bond and metal coordination in this study. Due to the introduction of Al3+ and cCNTs, the prepared PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels exhibited good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 179.7 kPa and elongation at break of 634%), good self-adhesion toward various substances including human skin, rubber, stone, metal, leaves, plastic, etc., great conductivity (1.69 S/m), and high self-healing efficiency (96% at 20 h). The hydrogels can be used to assemble sensors with wide response range and high sensitivity. Based on the self-healing ability, the self-healed hydrogel sensor could detect the human motion as the original one, which has great application potential in the field of flexible strain and pressure sensing

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Self-Healing and Self-Adhesion Conductive Hydrogels Reinforced by Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Wearable Strain Sensors

Hydrogels with good mechanical properties, self-adhesion, and self-healing properties show broad prospects in the fabrication of sensors. Herein, PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels were constructed and fabricated based on the combination of hydrogen bond and metal coordination in this study. Due to the introduction of Al3+ and cCNTs, the prepared PAA/PVA-Al-cCNT hydrogels exhibited good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 179.7 kPa and elongation at break of 634%), good self-adhesion toward various substances including human skin, rubber, stone, metal, leaves, plastic, etc., great conductivity (1.69 S/m), and high self-healing efficiency (96% at 20 h). The hydrogels can be used to assemble sensors with wide response range and high sensitivity. Based on the self-healing ability, the self-healed hydrogel sensor could detect the human motion as the original one, which has great application potential in the field of flexible strain and pressure sensing

Table_1_SWATH-MS based quantitative proteomics analysis reveals novel proteins involved in PAMP triggered immunity against potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans.xlsx

Potato is the most important non-grain food in the world, while late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans seriously threatens the production of potato. Since pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are relatively conserved, PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) can provide durable resistance to late blight for potato. However, knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of PTI against oomycete pathogens at protein levels remains limited due to the small number of identified proteins. In the present work, changes in the proteome profile of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves upon P. infestans PAMP induction were examined using the SWATH-MS (sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra) approach, which provides quantification of protein abundances and large-scale identification of PTI-related proteins. A total of 4401 proteins have been identified, of which 1429 proteins were differentially expressed at least at one time point of 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after PAMP induction, compared with the expression at 0 h when immediately after PAMP induction. They were further analyzed by expression clustering and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Through functional verification, six novel DEPs of 19 candidates were proved to be involved in PTI responses, including mitochondrial phosphate carrier protein (MPT) 3, vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) 714, lysophospholipase (LysoPL) 2, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) 1, heat shock 70 kDa protein (HSP) 2 and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP (FKBP) 15-1. Taken together, the time course approach and the resulting large-scale proteomic analyses have enlarged our understanding of PTI mechanisms and provided a valuable resource for the discovery of complex protein networks involved in the resistance response of potato to late blight.</p