Welded positions and arrangement of thermocouples on the inner and outer wall of the steel pipe.

<p>Welded positions and arrangement of thermocouples on the inner and outer wall of the steel pipe.</p

Main parameters of steel pipe and industrial annular spray water cooling experiment.

<p>Main parameters of steel pipe and industrial annular spray water cooling experiment.</p

Heat Transfer Modeling of an Annular On-Line Spray Water Cooling Process for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe

<div><p>On-line spray water cooling (OSWC) of electric-resistance-welded (ERW) steel pipes can replace the conventional off-line heat treatment process and become an important and critical procedure. The OSWC process improves production efficiency, decreases costs, and enhances the mechanical properties of ERW steel pipe, especially the impact properties of the weld joint. In this paper, an annular OSWC process is investigated based on an experimental simulation platform that can obtain precise real-time measurements of the temperature of the pipe, the water pressure and flux, etc. The effects of the modes of annular spray water cooling and related cooling parameters on the mechanical properties of the pipe are investigated. The temperature evolutions of the inner and outer walls of the pipe are measured during the spray water cooling process, and the uniformity of mechanical properties along the circumferential and longitudinal directions is investigated. A heat transfer coefficient model of spray water cooling is developed based on measured temperature data in conjunction with simulation using the finite element method. Industrial tests prove the validity of the heat transfer model of a steel pipe undergoing spray water cooling. The research results can provide a basis for the industrial application of the OSWC process in the production of ERW steel pipes.</p></div

Inner wall temperature cooling curves of steel pipe for 5s spraying.

<p>Inner wall temperature cooling curves of steel pipe for 5s spraying.</p

Temperature comparison between simulated and measured data.

<p>(A) Without considering the velocity of the steel pipe. (B) Considering the effect of the velocity of the steel pipe, <i>K</i>_<i>v</i> = 0.9.</p

Mechanical properties of steel pipe undergoing spray water cooling at different pressures.

<p>Mechanical properties of steel pipe undergoing spray water cooling at different pressures.</p

Mechanical properties of steel pipe undergoing tangential spray water cooling.

<p>“12-H” indicates the 12 o’clock position at the head of the experimental steel pipe and “12-M” the 12 o’clock position at the middle of the pipe.</p

Temperature evaluation of FEM simulation data and measured data.

<p>(A) 30kPa. (B) 60kPa. (C) 150kPa. (D) 300kPa. (E) 400kPa.</p

Schematic diagram of cooling experimental platform for steel pipe.

<p>Schematic diagram of cooling experimental platform for steel pipe.</p

Inner wall temperature cooling curves of steel pipe for 5s spraying.

<p>Inner wall temperature cooling curves of steel pipe for 5s spraying.</p