Pirolisis Reject Pulp Menjadi Bio-Oil dengan Menggunakan Katalis NI/NZA

The using and utilization of bio-oil became the main alternative to overcome the problem of dependence on fuel. Bio-oil can be produced from the pyrolysis of reject pulp. Reject pulp can be converted into bio-oil through a pyrolysis process using a Ni/NZA catalyst. The variation of the reaction temperature 290oC, 300oC, 310oC and 320oC. The weight ratio of catalyst with biomass was varied at 0%; 1%; 2%; dan 3%. The pyrolysis processing used nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 80 ml/min. The yield of maximum product was gotten such 88.2%. The bio-oil composition dominance obtained 24,65% Hydroxyl acetone, 22,35% Acetone alcohol, 19,1% Acetic acid, 5,5% 2,3-Dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one and 3,09% 1-Hydroxy-2- butanone

Perengkahan PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Destillate) untuk Menghasilkan Biofuel Menggunakan Katalis Ni-Mo/Zeolit

Petroleum reserves are depleted in Indonesia along with increased fuel requirements, demanding Indonesian society to harness alternative energy, one of which is biofuel. In this study, biofuels produced from cracking fatty acids contained in Destillate Palm Fatty Acid (PFAD). PFAD converted into biofuels via catalytic cracking process using a catalyst Ni.Mo / Zeolite with reaction temperature 380 oC in a stirred batch reactor. Metal concentrations in the zeolite was varied at 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% and the variation of the reaction stirring 300 rpm, 400 rpm, 500 rpm and 600 rpm. Cracking process using nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 150 ml / min. Yield (%) of the product obtained at the maximum stirring speed of 500 rpm with a metal concentration of 1%, amounting to 71.43% or 125 ml with 31.53% biofuel conversion. The composition of biofuels on cracking products was 8.8% and 35% Gasoline Kerosene and Diesel

Pembuatan Nata De Cassava dari Limbah Cair Tapioka dengan Menggunakan Sumber Nitrogen Alami yang Berbeda

Liquid waste from processing cassava into tapioca starch is carbohydrate-rich waste and can be used as a growth medium for the Acetobacter xylinum, which is useful in producing one of the fermentation products, i.e. nata. Several factors influence the production of nata, one of them is the addition of nutrients in the form of nitrogen in the fermentation medium. The nitrogen source used is usually from inorganic fertilizers, such as urea and ammonium sulfate. In this study, fermentation of tapioca starch wastewater was developed, using a natural sources of nitrogen derived from soybean and green bean sprouts extract. Nata was made by treating various concentrations of soybean and green bean sprouts extract (3%, 4%, 5%) and fermentation time (6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days and 10 days). The characteristics of the nata product were seen from the thickness and yield of the nata. The nata de cassava product's optimum results were tested for thickness, yield, and moisture content. The results showed that the best type of natural nitrogen source was soybean sprouts extract 5%, fermentation time of 10 days with a thickness of 0.55 cm, the water content of 97.58%, and yield of 63.09